Series: ECUS Ltd unpublished report series

Ecus Ltd. were commissioned by Sheffield City Council (SCC) to undertake an archaeological watching brief during works to the dam and mill pond within the Scheduled area of Abbeydale Works (SM no. SY 1039, and National List No. 1004822) at Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet, Abbeydale Road South, Sheffield, located at SK 32562 81953. The archaeological watching brief was required as a condition of Scheduled Monument Consent (SMC ref S00072815) for the proposed works and undertaken in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation agreed with English Heritage Principal Inspector of Ancient Monuments. The principal aim of the works was to address a long standing leak through the dam into the buildings behind. The initial plan was to create a temporary dam across the mill pond, allowing the northern end to be drained, and then to install a liner. As the project progressed various problems were encountered during the drain down of the pond resulted in the scaling back of the original solution. The archaeological watching brief was undertaken between 13/06/14 and 23/10/14, monitoring the excavation of four test pits, stripping for an access track, and observations during the installation of the new penstocks. Observations made during the course of the watching brief evidence of fixings for an earlier structure on the southern penstock, and identified evidence for the construction of the dam wall and bank. Whilst outside of the monitoring area, the presence of remains of possible structures within the mill pond was also noted.

Ecus Ltd was commissioned by the North York Moors National Park Authority to carry out archaeological monitoring of remedial works at Ana Cross Round Barrow and Wayside Cross (Scheduled Monument NHLE: 1018976) centred on National Grid Reference 472460, 493812. The archaeological monitoring was undertaken on the site between 20th February 2018 and 21st February 2018. The remedial works was to address the erosion issues facing the monument and to thereby remove the monument from Historic England's at Risk Register. The archaeological monitoring resulted in the remedial works to the north-south track to fix the high amounts of erosion that had occurred from footfall, bicycle use and use of quad bikes by local park rangers. The southern side of the mound was re-landscaped to create one footpath and deter visitors from creating another. The east-west track was re-landscaped with local heather to deter visitors from using this path. All routes had grass seeds spread to encourage natural grown grass in the environment.

ECUS archaeology was commissioned by the North Pennines AONB Partnership to undertake a desk- and field-based archaeology survey of c.750ha area Cumbria. The desk- and field-based survey identified 10 heritage assets, predominantly dating to the post-Medieval period. 4 have been previously recorded in HER. The site types includes a trackway, cairns, mining remains, a structure and enclosures.

Ecus Ltd. were commissioned in October 2013 to undertake the preparation of an Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment for the proposed redevelopment of a former Day Care Centre at 2 Bridge Street, London situated at NGR: 520614 178647. Research for the project was undertaken in October 2013. The site lies within an area of 20th century residential development, with a low legibility of post-medieval occupation represented by surviving road network and a block of 19th century development along High Street. There is no risk of physical impacts to, or changes to the setting of, designated heritage assets from the proposed development. Desk-based assessment indicates there is a low potential for significant remains relating to deposits and features associated with prehistoric activity. In addition there is a low potential for remains of low significance relating to medieval agricultural activity, and a high potential for remains of negligible significance relating to the early 20th century public baths that were erected in the 1930s and demolished in the 1970s. It is anticipated that there will be a high degree of impact to any such remains within the site due to the construction and demolition of a 20th century bath-house. The scale of existing impact is likely to be lower within the western third of the site.

Methodology for Historic Building Recording The level of recording is commensurate with a Level 3 Survey as described in Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice (Historic England 2016). A historical baseline has already been established for the building in a Heritage Statement (Ecus 2021). This was based on an examination of the standing building and desk-based review of the existing sources of publically accessible sources of primary and synthesised information. Written Account The written account comprises: • the precise location of the building as an address and in the form of a National Grid reference; • a note of any statutory designation (that is listing, scheduling, register of historic parks and gardens, Conservation Area); • the date when the record was made, the name(s) of the recorder(s), and the location of any archive material; • contents list with list of illustrations or figures; • context relating to the circumstances in which the record was made, its objectives, methods, scope and limitations and any constraints; • a statement describing the form of the building, its function, date and sequence of development. The names of architects, builders, patrons and owners will be given if known; • a discussion of the published sources relating to the building and its setting, an account of its history as given in published sources, an analysis of historic map evidence and a critical evaluation of previous records of the building, where they exist. Where available and relevant primary documentary sources will be referred to; • a discussion of the building’s past and present relation to its setting, relation to settlement and any other man-made features in the landscape, its part in a larger group of buildings and its visual importance as a landmark; • an account of the building’s past use; and • list of sources consulted. Where relevant and subject to copyright, archival material will be reproduced in the written account. This will inform an account of the buildings form, development and past use. Drawn Record The drawn record, as a minimum will comprise measured and annotated floor plans and elevations as existing, based on existing architect drawings checked for accuracy on site. This will cover all floors. Where necessary measured drawings to show the form of any architectural decoration or small-scale functional detail will be provided if not easily captured by photography. Photographic Survey The photographic survey was undertaken using a digital SLR camera and tripod. Photographic scales were used in all photos where possible. The photographic survey comprises: • a general view or views of the building (in its wider setting or landscape); • the external appearance of the building; • the internal appearance of the building (i.e. the overall appearance of the principal rooms and circulation areas); • external or internal detail, structural or decorative, which is relevant to the building’s design, development and use; • photographs illustrating the setting of the building within the context of surrounding civic and administrative buildings; • any dates or other inscriptions/signage that contribute to an undertaking of the building. Where difficult to interpret a transcription has been provided; • copies of maps, drawings, views and/or photographs present in the building which illustrate its development and use; • working photographs illustrating the nature of the works undertaken; • photographic location plans, drafted on sketch plans, recording the location and direction of the photographic record. Photography follows the guidelines for best practice as found within Digital Image Capture and File Storage: Guidelines for Best Practice (Historic England 2015b).

Ecus were commissioned by Lindum York to undertake Historic Building Recording of the Burnholme Social Club in Heworth, York, located at SE 62396 52602. The programme of work was required to discharge a planning condition placed on the planning permission 13/01538/FULM by City of York Council. Burnholme Social Club is a two storey building with attic and cellar, possessing a footprint measuring approximately 33 x 33 m, and situated within the eastern corner of a large associated plot. The principal elevation of the building faces south onto Burnholme Drive. The building was designed in the Gothic revival style by the York architect W.G. Penty, and was built c.1882 as a suburban villa residence for John Bellerby, a retired timber merchant. The building remained in domestic use until 1935 when it was acquired by the Burnholme Social Club under whose ownership it still remains.

Ecus Ltd. were commissioned by Consortium Living in November 2014 to undertake a programme of archaeological recording at Area B5 of the Castleward Urban Village regeneration scheme in Derby, situated at NGR SK 359 356. The programme of archaeological works was undertaken between 28/11/2014 and 12/01/2015 and comprised building recording of an extant canal overbridge, archaeological strip map and record of development plots 47-50, and a subsequent archaeological watching brief. This programme of works was undertaken in line with a written scheme of investigations prepared by Ecus and approved by the Development Control archaeologists for Derbyshire County Council. Archaeological recording identified the survival of a 19th century canal overbridge and the remains of multiple phases of industrial development associated with a former iron works and subsequent print works. The remains of the canal overbridge survived to a high degree beneath Park Street, although evidence of adjacent surfaces had been impacted by historic demolition and more recent remediation activities. The character of the structures could be identified as brick built buildings with steel frame superstructure on a differing degree of plans from small to large open floor workshops. Whilst there was limited evidence to determine the functions undertaken within the spaces, the identification of several machine bases and the absence of industrial residue indicate that printing-related process had likely been undertaken in the larger plan room.

Ecus Ltd. were commissioned by Consortium Living in November 2015 to undertake a programme of archaeological recording at Park Street as part of the Castleward Urban Village regeneration scheme in Derby, situated at NGR 435988 335627. The programme of archaeological works was undertaken between 17/11/2015 and 14/12/2015 and comprised a structural watching brief during the exposure and consolidation of an extant canal tunnel beneath Park Street. The canal tunnel historically facilitated the continuation of the Bemrose Arm of the Derby Canal beneath Park Street, shortly beyond which it terminated at a wharf between Bemrose and Son Print Works and the Canal Street Iron Works. This canal arm was in decline during the twentieth century, had become disused by the 1950s and was subsequently lost beneath development by the end of the century. The tunnel appears to have been redundant by the early twentieth century when the entrance from Bemrose and Son Print Works was partially blocked, preventing access from canal boats. The tunnel was fully blocked off at both ends during the mid to late twentieth century, leaving the main structure in situ beneath Park Street. During the course of the archaeological recording the arch of the tunnel was removed and silt and rubble from the preceding demolition cleared from the interior of the canal enabling a record of its fabric and construction to be made. The masonry walls of the canal were left in situ and the interior back filled with a compacted stable material.

Four trial-trenches were excavated within the proposed building footprint In all the trenches, up to 1m of modern made ground sealed the natural clay. The only feature encountered was a truncated ditch or plough furrow sealed beneath an buried topsoil layer. This ditch was heavily truncated and did not contain any artefacts of ecofacts but appeared to be post-medieval.

Ecus Ltd was commissioned by St Peter and St Paul's Church , Great Casterton in March 2020 to undertake a programme of archaeological monitoring during alterations to the porch at the Church of St Peter and St Paul, Great Casterton, Rutland centred at National Grid Reference 500135, 308801. The archaeological monitoring identified the foundations of the extant south porch and principal church building. The doorstone to the south door had a chamfered edge and the finished quality of the top foundation course to the church indicates that these may have been above ground at the time of construction during the thirteenth century. This contrasts with the form of the foundation courses to the south porch which were constructed of unfinished sandstone rubble indicating that these were not designed to be seen above ground level. The contrast in the foundation courses and the abutting of the porch foundation against the south wall of the church confirms that the porch was a later addition to the church at the end of the thirteenth century. The paved floor of the porch was laid directly upon the church yard soil with no levelling layer of sand. The paving slabs appear to have been, at least partially, reused stones and included a mid-eighteenth century grave marker. The groundworks removed the top 150 mm of graveyard soil within the south porch and no inhumation burials or articulated human bone was encountered. The human remains identified were fragmentary disarticulated charnel within the churchyard soil. All human bones were reinterred within the porch.