Area of large fields which have had a large number of hedges removed, mostly after 1980. Before agglomeration of the fields the are was made up of small irregular assarts probably of an early date. The current fields have retained some of the character of the assarts as the remaining field boundaries are very irregular so legibility is partial. There are lots of small early post-medieval coal pits within this area. The construction of small collieries probably developed after the railway line which connected these shafts to the Barnsley. There are now no remains of the railway line and the small collieries have left little impact on the landscape. The railway line had been removed by 1892 and the mines closed, except Vernon Silkstone Colliery on Crane Moor Dike. A new shaft was sunk on the opposite side of the river (and opposite parish boundary) called Cliffe Bridge Colliery which was still marked on maps till 1938.