Household Number,Interview Date,Interviewer(s),Local government?,"Who, how?",Function level?,Feud history?,When/why?,Solved?,Kanun use?,Important?,Women?,Tradition?,Elsewhere?,Where?,Life better?,Economic development?,Tourist development?,International park?,Additional Comments
HH320,07/04/2007,"MM, AY",,,,YES,See additional notes,By giving two sisters in marriage to the other family.,,,,,,,,,,,"While most feuds are initiated between rival clans (fis), often they are a product of conflict within a patrilineage. In the case we narrate here, a feud was started within a fis by a brother who threatened his own brothers and later shot over the roof of one of his own fis members (fis A). The owner of the house shot five times to give the signal to the barjaktar (Lush Prela of Pecaj) who had some 300 young warriors under his command but who appeared at the place of dispute with some 15-20 people. The house of Voj Vodes (Sokol Gjoni) belonged to the fis of Lekaj, who is further divided into the patrilinages of Mar Papa and Iber Papa. The brothers that started the dispute between themselves belonged to the fis Iber Papa."
HH127,07/09/2007,"MM, AT, CW",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The patrilineal line of informant goes as follows:
Gjovalin - Gjon - Marash - Kole - Cuni. It is these ancestors in the fourth generation from which the family has taken their fis affiliation."
HH315,06/26/2007,MM,NO,,YES.  The local government has made improvements. It intervenes in times of conflict.  It has some authority.,YES,There has been no feud in the seventh generation of the family.,Without an intermediary.,YES.  They refer to it and know it well in regards to personal norms.,Honor,Today women enjoy the same rights as men. In the kanun she is bought.  When she's married she has no right to inheritence.  If she stays in her own family she has rights to inheritance.,,YES,Preriferi of Shkodra,"The road needs to be normalized, this is the first and most important of all improvements that need to be made. But a hospital and school would be nice as well.",Yes; road improvements.,The villagers themselves with help from the outside. They expect some thirty thousand tourists in the region this year but the road is preventing them from coming.,The respondee doesn't believe that this will happen without roads.,"The respondee was able to give us the following geneological chart:
Rrok - Pjeter - Mehilli - Pjetrushi - NIla - NIka - Cama - Deda


Nderlyse belongs to the Church of Thethi and considers themselves a neighborhood of Thethi. 

Blood Feud Case
Party A (seven generations ago) lost his son, a man from Thethi. The intruder goes to the house of the man who lost his son and the father of the son asks him, ""How have you taken the courage to come to my house?"" And the father forgives the man for the blood, thus the feud was settled without an intermediary. For this the Vezir invites the man who forgave the killer of his son and offers him the lands of Rrogam. And this is how Rrogam was founded as another neighborhood of Thethi.

This history of the forgiving of the blood of his son remains a memorable event in the history of the family, in Thethi in general. It is regarded as an honorable act.

The present bajraktar, Zef Sakol Peci, lives in Shkoder. Sometimes when an oath is to be taken 24 men are brought to the church in Shkoder, half of which give an oath and the other half witness it. These are rare occassions when such a large group of men is brought together. "
HH316,06/26/2007,MM,,,,NO,,,YES.  For land and pasture disputes.,Religious (note that the respondee was not able to define what religion is),,,,,"Road, school and hospital.",Tourism,,,"The respondee was not able to carry out the entire interview.
From the 1950s onward, the respondee claims that the houses were furnished with the steep roofs that we see today. Before that the roofs were lower and made with wood."
HH317,07/02/2007,MM,YES,Son in Shkodra is a police officer.,"YES.  The local government advises in minor cases of conflict; whenever relief arrives for the village the local government distributes it to members of the village. But for major cases of conflict including crimes, the local government has to hand it over to the authorities",YES,"In the early 1940s there was a killing of two people and there was revenge taken, which took the life of another person. The dispute was over use of pasture.",In 1991 the elders intervened and the feud was settled via the traditional luncheon where both parties were present as well as the elderly involved in the settlement.,"The kanun helps those who want to settle their disputes and it was the law of years in the past. It emphasizes Besa (oath), Burrnia (manhood) and Atdhetarizmi (nationhood). It also emphasizes such things as the blood of the lost guest cannot be forgiven while the blood of a lost brother or father may be forgiven.","The Albanian flag, which is a great document of Skanderbeg and Lek Dukagjinit in war against Turks. It's a sign that Albanians did not adapt the crescent or the sickel and star.","Yes, it has changed. In communist era women had more authority over men. They could not be beaten for example because they were protected by the law. But today the women are on equal terms with the men.",It is difficult to maintain tradition in today's times.,YES,Shkodra,"A doctor, school, road and a new bridge over the river.",Yes; medicinal plant collection and a place to collect them for foreign consumption.,,,
HH318,07/03/2007,"MM, CAW",,,,NO,,,,Health and not to have conflicts,,,,,,,,,"Additional comments on terrace maintenance: The terraces need to be catalyzed in such a way that the extra water from heavy waters may be relieved. Otherwise the water will take away all of the soil and if heavy damage occurs it may be irreperable, i.e. it would be too difficult if not impossible to rebuild the terrace again. When the walls collapse a lot of the dirt is removed, the wall is rebuilt using big stones on the outer wall and smaller ones on the inside which serve as drainage (helik). The layer of smaller rocks is always placed behind the main wall and canals are always built and maintained so that heavy rains do not frustrate the walls."
HH319,07/03/2007,"MM, CAW",,,,,,,,,,The feud needs to be eliminated but everything else should remain the same.,,,,,,,"We were able to collect a long geneological line:

Pashko - Ndue - Avdia - Kola - Marash - Pjeter - Kola - Voci - Doci - Stanica - Gima - Gjeci - Gjini - 

Vladi - Shale - Bengu - Zogu - Shiroka - Gjina - Murrani - Deti 

21 generations all together

Pjeter Kola is a Bajraktar which means that he has captured the flag from the enemies and has earned this title by his courage. Another way to become a Bajraktar is by appointment, for example in the Ottoman times the Vezir designated a Bajraktar for the region from the Pec Nikaj family. Murrani Deti is believed to be the frist one that settle in the Shiroke of Shkodra. Shale Bengu is first one to have settled in Shala and he is brothers with Shosh and Mire Dita, who settled their respective areas.

The Bajraktar is he who goes to war, takes the flag from the enemy and the head of the enemy and brings it to the Vezir, who offers him a canon and the honorary title of Bajraktar. He has no other privilege but to shoot his riffle as a signal for the men of the village to gather. The title is inherited and it often goes to one of his son, whoever is the most able of them all. 

Shala is made up of the four brothers of the fis, known also as Kembet e Fisit, or the Fit of Fis. They are Pec Nika, Giamj, Lotaj, Lekaj. When the elderly are brought together in counsel, a representative of these four fis come together; four others from each village may join them. Shala is the only fis that has two Bajraktar, one appointed by the Vezir, and the other having earned the title through his success in war. 

Blood Feud
This dispute started over land boundaries between two neighbors in Gimaj. They were members of the same fis. The man who was killed was 45 years old. The cousin that killed him received six years in prison. They were seperated by eight generations. There was a retalliation and a boy was wounded but not killed. In such cases, often a settlement is reached under the condition that one of the parties leaves the area. But in this case the feud was settled under the condition that the family that commited the murder reamined in good repoire and did not go beyond the normative (jasht normave),

The role of the Bajraktar is to signal the need fro the union of all men in arms, and this is done by shooting the riffle 12 times in the air and in cases where the national boundaries are threatened by the enemy. Other obligations are to enforce the rule of the counsel of the elderly when it is not accepted. The title of Bajraktar is inherited through sons and the family decides which one of the sons holds it at any one time; it is often the most able of them. When the Bajraktar dies, the family chooses someone to take his place. In other cases the Bajraktar may even be a representative of his people abroad. In 1917 for example the grandfather of the interviewee, Pjeter Kola, addressed the deputies in Vienna and informed them of the worsening condition in his region and the failure of the Austiran-Hungarian reforms in the region. He was congratulated for his courage, for Vienna was misinformed by its own deputeis and was under the impression that conditions were normal. "