Beales, E., Clapham, A., Daffern, N., Griffin, L., Mann, A. and Watson, N. (2011). Assessment of Environmental Remains from a Borehole Survey at 31 Eign Gate, Hereford, Herefordshire. Worcester: Worcestershire Archaeology. https://doi.org/10.5284/1041097. Cite this using datacite

Title The title of the publication or report Title:	Assessment of Environmental Remains from a Borehole Survey at 31 Eign Gate, Hereford, Herefordshire
Series The series the publication or report is included in Series:	Worcestershire Archaeology unpublished report series
Downloads Any files associated with the publication or report that can be downloaded from the ADS Downloads:	fieldsec1-237490_1.pdf (4 MB) : Download
Licence Type ADS, CC-BY 4.0 or CC-BY 4.0 NC. Licence Type:	ADS Terms of Use and Access
DOI The DOI (digital object identifier) for the publication or report. DOI	https://doi.org/10.5284/1041097
Publication Type The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book Publication Type:	Report (in Series)
Abstract The abstract describing the content of the publication or report Abstract:	An archaeological borehole survey was undertaken at the 31 Eign Gate, Hereford, Herefordshire (NGR SO 508 400). The borehole survey and environmental assessment were undertaken on behalf of The Environmental Dimension Partnership in response to potential development occurring on the site. The assessment revealed significant quantities (c 2m) of made ground which were sealing c 1-1.5m of soft, organic clayey silts deposited in a low energy environment. These water-lain sediments were interpreted as ditch fills which had been laid down by a network of meandering streams that flowed in the base of the ditch. Radiocarbon dating of a fragment of leather retrieved from the basal fills of the ditch directly overlying the natural gravels provided a date of Cal AD 1020 to 1190 (SUERC-35597/ GU- 24600) indicating that this ditch is one of the refortifications of Hereford by Harold Godwinson in 1065 as attested in documentary sources but the identification of which has previously been elusive. Further radiocarbon dating on a fragment of willow wood retrieved from c 0.25m above the previous sample provided a date of Cal AD 1040 to 1220 (SUERC- 35596/ GU-24599) thus confirming the ditches origin as being related to the refortification of Hereford's defences. Palynological, molluscan, faunal and plant macrofossil assessment of remains provided evidence for the dumping of agricultural, industrial and domestic refuse such as cess, waste cereal crops/fodder and offcuts from industrial processes such as butchery. The palynological remains indicated the character of the wider landscape with the presence of landscape divisions in the form of hedges and disturbed ground in the immediate vicinity whilst the dumping of waste cereal, fodder and hay have revealed a patchwork landscape of herbaceous-rich, hay meadow, pastoral grassland and arable cultivation.
Author The authors of this publication or report Author:	E Beales A Clapham N Daffern Laura Griffin A Mann Norman Watson
Publisher The publisher of the publication or report Publisher:	Worcestershire Archaeology
Other Person/Org Other people or organisations for this publication or report Other Person/Org:	Historic England (OASIS Reviewer) Herefordshire HER (OASIS Reviewer)
Year of Publication The year the book, article or report was published Year of Publication:	2011
Locations Any locations covered by the publication or report. This is not the place the book or report was published. Locations:	Site: 31 Eign Gate, Hereford, Herefordshire County: Herefordshire District: Herefordshire, County of Parish: HEREFORD Country: England Grid Reference: 350799, 240007 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods Subjects / Periods associated with this record. Subjects / Periods:	MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England) 20TH CENTURY (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England) POST MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England) EARLY MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) BURH (Monument Type England) EVALUATION (Event)
Identifiers Identifiers associated with the publication. These might include DOIs, site codes, Monument Identifiers etc. Identifiers:	OASIS Id: fieldsec1-237490 OBIB: Report Reference 1852
Source Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in. Source:	OASIS (OASIS)
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Created Date The date the record of the pubication was first entered Created Date:	18 Aug 2017

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