Data from a Construction Integrated Recording at Calvert Infrastructure Maintenance Depot, Buckinghamshire, 2021-2022 (HS2 Phase One)
Oxford Archaeology Ltd, High Speed Two Ltd., COPA: Cotswold Oxford Pre-Construct Archaeology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5284/1124310. How to cite using this DOI
Data copyright © High Speed Two Ltd. unless otherwise stated
This work is licensed under a The Open Government Licence (OGL).
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Resource identifiers
- ADS Collection: 4607
- DOI:https://doi.org/10.5284/1124310
- How to cite using this DOI
Introduction
This collection comprises image, report, site record and spreadsheet data from construction integrated recording work at the Calvert Infrastructure Maintenance Depot, Buckinghamshire. This includes the site records; context, pottery, CBM, Fired clay, flint, human remains, animal bone and environmental data and reports; and the photographic archive. The work was undertaken by COPA: Cotswold Oxford Pre-Construct Archaeology between 2021 and 2022. The documentary and finds archives will be deposited with Discover Bucks Museum.
Project Summary
COPA was commissioned by Fusion (the Contractor) to undertake a programme of archaeological construction integrated recording at Calvert Infrastructure Maintenance Depot, Buckinghamshire – site code 1C21CMDCI (hereafter referred to as ’the site’). The archaeological recording comprised the investigation of one area (F15_0031) measuring circa 7.1 hectares in total. Following trial trench evaluation, the site was subjected to a Fieldwork Change Control Form (FCCF), which set out the need for archaeological recording in advance of the HS2 Phase 1 Central Scheme of Works. The FCCF summarised the results of a preceding excavation at Calvert Depot, Calvert Cutting, WPD Mitigation to the immediate north-east of the site and established the scope, aims and potential contribution to the Generic Written Scheme of Investigation: Historic Environment Research and Delivery Strategy, as well as the objectives, techniques, deliverables and reporting mechanism for the archaeological recording.
The FCCF for the archaeological recording at Calvert Infrastructure Maintenance Depot was prepared in accordance with the GWSI: HERDS, the Technical Standard: Specification for Project Plans and Location Specific Written Schemes of Investigation, the Technical Standard: Specification for Historic Environment Investigations and relevant Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) standards (CIfA 2014a; CIfA 2014b). The FCCF detailed the scope and the methodology for the archaeological works.
Re-Use Value Statement
The construction integrated recording at Area F15_0031 has revealed significant late Iron Age to early Roman and middle Roman archaeology comprising a co-axial field-system, domestic compounds and roundhouses along with five cremation burials three of which are dated to the early Roman period. The evidence suggests an extensively occupied landscape perhaps focused on cattle or horse husbandry and possibly only seasonally occupied. The assemblages of pottery, charred plant remains, and animal bone indicate a basic rural settlement. The archaeological remains were heavily truncated by medieval to post-medieval and modern ploughing, and it is possible that the presence of a more heavily settled and utilised Roman landscape has therefore been obscured. Nevertheless the archaeological remains including the artefact and ecofact assemblages have potential for further analysis.
