Data copyright © University of Southampton unless otherwise stated
This work is licensed under the ADS Terms of Use and Access.
Dr
David
Williams
Dept of Archaeology
University of Southampton
Avenue Campus
Highfield
Southampton
SO17 1BJ
England
Tel: 080 593032
Courtesy of Graeco-Roman Museum at Alexandria
Imad Khalil
Distinctive FeaturesType a) The type piece from the legionary fortress, Gloucester-Kingsholm, is dated to the first century AD. The photo in Peacock & Williams, 1986: Class 66, which is missing its rim, does not look like Type b, usually stated to be that form. The body is cylindrical, like a Gazan amphora. A rim to base fragment of a cylindrical amphora found in a mid first century AD context in Beirut (BEY 006.12300 cistern deposit) may be equivalent to Peacock & Williams Class 66. It has a distinctive collar rim with a pronounced concave lid seat. If so, the form is in a hard-fired orange-red fabric very close to that of Beirut amphorae of the same period. A Beirut attribution needs to be confirmed through chemical analysis. It is unclear if the form had a rounded base, or a hollow rounded cone toe as Type b.Type b) A complete amphora classified as ‘Kingsholm 117’ was found at Lyon (Desbat & Picon, 1986: Fig. 2.10). The shape is in the Phoenician-Palestinian tradition of ‘hole-mouthed jars’ (cf Gazan amphorae), with ring handles attached to the shoulder and a short collar rim. The body shows well-cut band ribbing. The base has a short hollow rounded cone toe. The direct predecessors of the type (and its base) are Hellenistic north Palestinian (e.g. the stamped Tell Dor amphorae). The fabric of a Beirut example is similar to that of some ‘carrot’ amphorae/Peacock & Williams Class 12 (but not the ‘carrot’ amphorae made in Beirut) and would also suggest a Palestinian origin. See characteristics | ||
Date RangeType a: mid first to first half of the second century AD (Beirut examples), earliest date: early first century AD (Beirut; Lyon (Desbat & Picon, 1986), latest date: early third century at Lyon (Lemaître, 2000).Search: [1st century AD] | ||
OriginType a: possibly Beirut or north Palestine; Type b: possibly north PalestineSearch: [Eastern Mediterranean] [Lebanon] [Palestine] [The Levant] | ||
DistributionType a: Beirut, mid first century AD to the first half of the second century AD; Gloucester-Kingsholm, (Type 117, first century AD).Type b: Rarely exported, but one of the few Palestinian amphorae to be exported during the early Empire (see the ‘carrot’ amphora Peacock & Williams, 1986, Class 12, for a more common export to the west) Lyon (Desbat & Picon, 1986: Fig. 2.10, early first century AD; Lemaître, 2000, early third century); Rome (Rizzo, 2003: 154-5: Neronian; 171, Flavian; 183, Antonine); Beirut (early first century AD; first half of the second century AD bases). Search: [France] [Great Britain] [Italy] [Lebanon] [North West Europe] [Palestine] | ||
ContentsUnknown, but perhaps wine.Search: [Wine] | ||
CommentsPrincipal contributor: Paul Reynolds | ||
ClassificationCigar-shaped amphora |