Roman Amphorae: a digital resource

University of Southampton, 2005. (updated 2014) https://doi.org/10.5284/1028192. How to cite using this DOI

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https://doi.org/10.5284/1028192
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University of Southampton (2014) Roman Amphorae: a digital resource [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1028192

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Resource identifiers

Digital Object Identifiers

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are persistent identifiers which can be used to consistently and accurately reference digital objects and/or content. The DOIs provide a way for the ADS resources to be cited in a similar fashion to traditional scholarly materials. More information on DOIs at the ADS can be found on our help page.

Citing this DOI

The updated Crossref DOI Display guidelines recommend that DOIs should be displayed in the following format:

https://doi.org/10.5284/1028192
Sample Citation for this DOI

University of Southampton (2014) Roman Amphorae: a digital resource [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1028192

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Dressel 20



Dressel 20

Courtesy of Museu Arqueológico de Sevilla (Dr. Fernando Fernández Gómez)
Simon Keay

Variants of Dressel 20:

[Dressel 20 similis - Oliva 3] [Gauloise 14]

Distinctive Features

This has a large globular body with thick, sharply bent or oval shaped handles; short neck often with an internally concave rim and a small basal knob. This form clearly developed from the Augustan prototype Oberaden 83 and eventually evolved into the smaller Tejarillo 1. A broad scheme for the evolution of the Dressel 20 rim has been suggested by Berni (1998), provided under 'Drawings'. This form is commonly stamped towards the summit of the handle, with the name in relief set in a rectangular frame. This is usually an abbreviated name of an individual, presumably the estate owner although place-names are also encountered (Remesal Rodríguez, 1986). It also includes complex painted inscriptions indicating amphora weights and individuals responsible for transport and control (Rodriguez Almeida, 1984). From the third century there is evidence of imperial ownership of some of these estates.
See characteristics

Date Range

The typical globular form was introduced by at least the Tiberian period (Xanten) and became established by the Claudian period (Colls et alii, 1977). Production continued up to the second half of the third century (Zevi, 1967, Blázquez Martínez & Remesal Rodríguez, 1999; 2001; 2003) (Monte Testaccio). In the western provinces it is the most common amphora from the late first to the early third centuries AD (Williams & Peacock, 1983, Remesal Rodríguez, 1986).
Search: [1st century AD] [2nd century AD] [3rd century AD]

Origin

Along the banks of the river Guadalquivir and its tributaries between Seville and Córdoba in the Roman province of Baetica (Clark-Maxwell, 1899; Bonsor, 1931; Ponsich, 1974, 1979, 1991; Chic, 2001) in southern Spain, where kiln sites have been discovered (Click to map in Introduction). A graffito from Carlisle reads ESVRI (Vila Real de São Antonio) on the Algarve of Portugal (Mann, 1955), but the fabric is identical to the Spanish material. The vessel was imitated in Hispania Tarraconensis, along the coastal strip of Baetica and in Germania (Baudoux, 1996; Ehmig, 2003).
Search: [North West Europe] [Spain] [Western Mediterranean]

Distribution

This is one of the most common and widely distributed of all amphorae, especially in the western Roman provinces (Callender, 1965; Panella, 1973; Williams & Peacock, 1983, Remesal Rodríguez, 1986; Martin-Kilcher, 1987; Berni, 1998; Carreras Monfort & Funari, 1998). It was chiefly concentrated in military sites along the German and British limes as well as the city of Rome (Rizzo 2003: 141-198), where excavation at Monte Testaccio reveal the scale of its importation (Blázquez Martinez, Remesal Rodríguez & Rodríguez Almeida, 1994; Blázquez Martinez & Remesal Rodríguez, 1999; 2001; 2003).
Search: [Eastern Mediterranean] [Germany] [Great Britain] [Italy] [North Africa] [North West Europe] [Portugal] [Spain] [Western Mediterranean]

Contents

Olive-oil (Callender, 1965; Beltrán Lloris, 1970; Panella, 1973).
Search: [Olive Oil]

Comments

Principal contributor: César Carreras

Classification

Beltrán 5
Callender 2
Globular amphora
Ostia 1
Peacock & Williams 25

CEIPAC link

The following link will take you to the Centro para el Estudio de la Interdependencia Provincial en la Antiguedad Clásica CEIPAC database. In the CEIPAC system this amphora has the ID KE51+BYZ. Note: access to CEIPAC requires registration, which is possible via http://ceipac.ub.edu/corpus_reg.php?IDM=e
 

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