England's Historic Seascapes: Withernsea to Skegness
Museum of London Archaeology, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5284/1000104. How to cite using this DOI
Data copyright © Historic England unless otherwise stated
This work is licensed under the ADS Terms of Use and Access.
Primary contact
David
Bowsher
Director of Research
Museum of London Archaeology
Mortimer Wheeler House
46 Eagle Wharf Road
London
N1 7ED
UK
Tel: 020 7410 2285
Resource identifiers
- ADS Collection: 935
- ALSF Project Number: 4730
- DOI:https://doi.org/10.5284/1000104
- How to cite using this DOI
Valiant Character Area
Present Day Form
The Valiant character area is small unit situated offshore in the south-central section of the study area. The geology of the area comprises a complex of Jurassic and Triassic bedrock overlain by glacial till (clay, sand and gravel debris deposited from ice sheets) know as the Elbow Formation. The water depth across the area varies between 15 m and 20 m in the deeps and 8 m to 10m on the shoals and the maximum tidal range is c3 m. The seabed of the area is characterised by the large sand mega ripples which are orientated NW - SE across the area and include the Ower Bank to the SW. The area is hazardous for navigation where a combination of low tide and high seas can cause breaking waves on the shoals.
Sea Use: Present
The Valiant character area is connected with hydrocarbon related industry as it contains the Valiant North and Valiant South production field. The Valiant fields were discovered in 1970 and 1971 and started production in 1988. With reserves of 15 billion cubic metres of gas it is one of the southern North Sea's smaller hydrocarbon fields. It has permanent installations on the seabed. The area forms the focal point for connecting pipelines running through the area and the seaward end of the major gas pipeline to Theddlethorpe Gas Terminal. Commercial shipping avoids the area because of the dangerous shoals. The area is also surrounded by major gas production fields.
Sea Use: Past
The Valiant character area has been shaped by thousands of years of dynamic sea level changes and erosion and deposition. The relatively shallow nature of the sea bed means that the area was dry land almost certainly in the Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic. Marine traffic would have historically avoided this area but numerous wrecks will be found here possibly dating from the Roman period onwards.
Fishing activity would have been carried out in the area from the medieval period onwards. The Valiant area is in the Leman Ground, a named fishing ground on Close's Fisherman's Chart (UKHO 1953). The chart describes the area as a good fishing ground in between the shoals. In the south, June to Sept are good months. Fish: Plaice Soles Cod and Dabs. Large lumps of coal are often taken in the nets. The trawling up of coal by fishing vessels is interesting and may suggest that this is either a geological phenomenon (although the area does not seem to contain coal bearing bedrock) or the area may contain wrecks of sailing Colliers coming down the coast from the northeast to London (these were regularly lost in this area).
Archaeological Potential
The Valiant character area has potential for the presence of drowned land surfaces resulting from the fact that sea level has fluctuated between -120 metres and +10 metres over the past 500,000 years. From the period 500,000 BP to 22,000 BP (before present), human population levels were low, and little more than stray finds may be expected, although these may still be of considerable archaeological importance.
From 22,000 BP to 2100 BP parts of the North Sea were dry land and human population levels were higher, especially in the Mesolithic age. Finds dating to the Mesolithic have been found to a depth of 40m so any area of sea bed above that has potential for habitation.
Inundation of the North Sea landscapes occurred between 10,000 and 6,000 BP and the most likely evidence for human occupation would be, therefore, Mesolithic in date. Earlier Palaeolithic occupation is less likely to be found and later Neolithic occupation is likely to have been limited to the inshore and very highest of the banks and shoals such as the Dogger Bank. The areas position within the sand megaripple field makes it a possible Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic habitation site. Consequently, there is some potential for surviving evidence of human activity within the area.
Over the last 6000 years (if not more), humans have used sea faring vessels and this area, because of it's dangerous shoals, is a prime area for wrecks and related material that may lie on the sea floor or be buried beneath the sea floor. UKHO and NMR data show no known wrecks in this area.
Character Perceptions
The area is perceived as a dangerous shipping area and a gas production area.
References
Close's Fisherman's Chart (UKHO 1953)
Scandoil, North Sea Oil and Gas production Fields (Scandoil Oil and Gas Magazine online)
Images
Valiant rig
Web: http://www.bbc.co.uk/tyne/content/images/2008/08/04/north_sea_rig_470x324.jpg
