Waterway,Head_Navi,Class,Last_Date,Notes,Obstruct,References,Easting,Northing,Grid_Ref
Adur,Bramber,DE,1304,,,"CoPR 1301-1307, 287; Edwards 1987, 304",519212,110610,TQ1921210610
Adur,Eaton's Farm,IE,PN,Eaton placename attested by 1086 and and hythe place-name attested by 1327 (Eaton Farm and Heath Barn 2 km downstream).,,"Cole 2007, 71, 80; Cole 2013, 320",518969,116100,TQ1896916100
Aire,Coniston Cold,DE,post-1348,Calder was navigated and Aire is recorded navigable downriver from Wheldale. In addition the section between Cononley and Coniston Cold was recorded as navigable in 1384. Cononley to Calder section unknown. ,,"CoPR 1381-1385, 414; Edwards 1987, 162-4",390859,454987,SD9085954987
Ancholme,Bishopsbridge,DE,before 1290,1290 case of obstructions noted that Ancholme had been open for navigation up to Bishopsbridge in the past.,"1290, Bishopsbridge to Humber.","CoPR 1281-1292, 400; Edwards 1987, 192-3",503160,391063,TF0316091063
Anker,Nuneaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 321",436322,291790,SP3632291790
Annas,Old Hyton,IE,PN,Hythe place-name at Old Hython by c. 1210. The old river estuary has silted and the modern course now deflected to the north.,,"Cole 2007, 64; Cole 2013, 314",310087,487055,SD1008787055
Ant,East Ruston,DE,c. 1348,According to a report made in 1360 the river seems have become obstructed after the Black Death due to neglect.,,"Bond 2007, 157; Edwards 1987, 244-6",634433,326880,TG3443326880
Appley Beck,Bullington Priory,DE,late 12th century,Canal constructed by Bulington Priory.,,"Bond 2007, 196",510595,376348,TF1059576348
Arun,Arundel,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port. ,,"Caffyn 2010, 392-3; Langdon 1993, 5",501971,107007,TQ0197107007
Arun,North Stoke,DE,12th century,Large logboat find at North Stoke.,,"Kroger (forthcoming); Lanting 1998, 629; McGrail 1978, 244-6",501891,111260,TQ0189111260
"Avon, Bristol",Bath,DE,before 1276,Port of Bristol remained open through the period. The charter ordering the improvement of navigation to Bath suggests passage of ships had been easier in the past.,"From 1276, above Bristol.","CoCR 1272-1279, 354; Edwards 1987, 335-7",375005,164348,ST7500564348
"Avon, Bristol",Bristol,KB,post-1348,"Purveyance account port, hosted staple from 1313, named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183, 641; CoPR 1313-1317, 15, 56; Langdon 1993, 5",359965,172227,ST5996572227
"Avon, Salisbury",Salisbury,DE,post-1348,"While the river's navigability to Salisbury is indicated for example by the order for the men of Salisbury to build barges to the king's fleet in the 1370s, it is probably that only relatively small vessels could reach that far upstream. ",,"CoPR 1370-1374, 219; Edwards 1987, 307-9",413970,129665,SU1397029665
"Avon, Warwickshire",Evesham,DE,post-1348,,,"Edwards 1987, 337-8; Rogers 1882, iv, 696-7",404000,243684,SP0400043684
Axe,Wookey,DE,post-1348,"A hythe was attested in Bleadney in 712, indicating that the river was used for navigation from the Early Middle Ages. Axe was straightened between Lower Weare and Clewer Bridge in 1316; both the old and the new course are given.",,"Cole 2007, 71; Cole 2013, 317; Rippon 2007, 207-227; Russet 1991, 60-6",351417,145624,ST5141745624
Babingley,Flitcham,IE,1301,"Together with nearby coastal town of Heacham, the town of Flitcham was ordered to send one ship to Berwick. This suggests that Flitcham may have been a port, although  it is possible that Flitcham's the contribution was financial.",,"CoPR 1292-1301, 583",572503,326527,TF7250326527
Bain,Horncastle,DE,14th century,Shipping activity attested in 1200 at Coningsby. Horncastle named in Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Edwards 1987, 201; Lambert 2011, 212",525500,369394,TF2550069394
Bampton Canal,Bampton,DE,unknown,"Constructed by 1005, probably in decline in the fourteenth century. Blair suggests that the Bampton mill was causing flooding and degradation of the watercourse by 1220s.",,"Blair 2007b, 272-8",431240,202980,SP3124002980
Banwell,Eton (near Way Wick),IE,PN,Eaton place-name by 1325. Eton is today a lost settlement.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",338796,161910,ST3879661910
Bardney Abbey canal,Bardney Abbey,DE,unknown,Cut to serve Bardney Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 196",511106,370752,TF1110670752
Barlings Eau,Barling Abbey,DE,unknown,"Partially diverted, at Barling Abbey.",,"Bond 2007, 196",509017,373616,TF0901773616
Beaulieu,Beaulieu,DE,1208,,,"Caffyn 2010, 397",438737,102327,SU3873702327
Bishop Dyke,Sherburne in Elmet,IE,unknown,An artificial watercourse of uncertain date and function. It has been suggested that it was constructed to carry stone querried from Huddleston. Out of use by the fifteenth century.,,"Bond 2007, 197-8",450170,433698,SE5017033698
Blackwater,Kelvedon,IE,1294,"The tenants of Westminster Abbey owed a customary payment called 'schipur' (ship-hire) in lieu of transporting goods from Kelveden, along River Blackwater, to estuary/coastal destinations at Salcott, Maldon and Haybridge.",,"Blair 2007a, 14n",586083,218125,TL8608318125
Blackwater,Maldon,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324. 1422 IPM refers to shipping tolls at the port of Maldon. There is a hythe at Maldon.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; E-CIPM, 22-61",585792,206808,TL8579206808
Blyth,Blythburgh,DE,post-1348,"Blyth originally flowed into the sea at Dunwich, but this outflow was blocked by sand by 1336 and the river now flows out at Walberswick.",,"CoCR 1389-1392, 228; Edwards 1987, 247-9",645230,275580,TM4523075580
Bolton Percy Foss,Hornington,DE,1224,,,"Caffyn 2010, 295",452091,441913,SE5209141913
Bottisham Lode,near Bottisham,DE,1279,"A canal, probably constructed in the Anglo-Saxon period. In use in 1279, and probably in continued use in the Later Middle Ages.",,"Bond 2007, 185; Fenland 10, 112; Fowler 1933, 113; Oosthuizen 2012, 213",553025,262610,TL5302562610
Brede,Float Farm,DE,post-1348,,,"Caffyn 2010, 386-7; Gardiner 2007, 102-3",587846,118074,TQ8784618074
Brede,hythe near Brede,IE,PN,From an Anglo-Saxon charter boundary dated to 1005.,,"Caffyn 2010, 386-7; Cole 2007, 72; Gardiner 2007, 102-3",582686,117477,TQ8268617477
Brett,Hadleigh,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Lambert 2011, 213",602572,242149,TM0257242149
Brue,Glastonbury,DE,post-1348,"The date of Brue diversion west at Glastonbury is unknown but the new channel extended from Glastonbury to to Meare by 1091, and from Lichlake to the Bristol Channel by 1189. Pilrow channel was perhaps the original course from Lichlake to the sea. ",,"Edwards 1987, 323-4; Hollinrake and Hollinrake 2007b, 235-43; Rippon 2007, 215-26",350200,137515,ST5020037515
Brue,hythe east of Wallyer's Bridge,IE,PN,Indicated by a hythe ('the yth on Begedswer') in an Anglo-Saxon charter boundary.,,"Cole 2007, 74; Edwards 1987, 323-4; Hollinrake and Hollinrake 2007b, 235-43; Rippon 2007, 215-26",353250,134597,ST5325034597
Bure,Aylsham,IE,1291,Court case involving fishing boats on the river between Aylesham and Burgh. These were not passanger/cargo boats but given that Wroxham was used as a purveyance port it seems possible that navigation was possible some distance above it.,,"Caffyn 2010, 343",619735,327570,TG1973527570
Bure,Wroxham,"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 244; Langdon 1993, 5",630310,318115,TG3031018115
Burwell Lode,Burwell,"DE, KB",1325,Purveyance account port.,,"Bond 2007, 181; Edwards 1987, 226; Fowler 1933, 116; Langdon 1993, 5; Oosthuizen 2012, 219-20",558415,267375,TL5841567375
Butley Priory canal,Butley Priory,DE,14th century,,,"Bond 2007, 192",637388,248940,TM3738848940
Butley River,to Butley Prior canal,DE,14th century,,,"Bond 2007, 192",639245,248100,TM3924548100
Calder,Stanley Ferry,DE,mid-12th century,Logboat find at Stanley Ferry dated to 10th-11th century.,,"Kroger (forthcoming); Lanting 1998, 629; McGrail 1978, 257-6",435617,423016,SE3561723016
Cam,Cambridge,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",544714,258955,TL4471458955
Cam,Great Chesterford,DE,1271,"Navigation to Cam well attested to the period after 1348. Rogers lists the costs of carriage from Great Chesterford downstream in 1271, but his source is unknown. ",,"Caffyn 2010, 338-9; Rogers 1866, ii, 600",550510,242640,TL5051042640
Car Dyke,Kate's Bridge,"DE, IE",unknown,"Disafforestment grant in 1230 refers to Car Dyke between Swaton and Market Deeping, indicating it may have been navigable, and a survey of ancient lodes and trenches in 1342 names Walton (between Peterborough and Market Deeping).",,"Caffyn 2010, 325-7; Edwards 1987, 216, 221-2; Fenland 5, passim.",510821,315158,TF1082115158
Car Dyke,Morton,DE,unknown,"A cargo of dressed Barnack stone was found in the Car Dyke near Morton, showing that at minimum the stretch of waterway between Morton and Kate's Bridge was in use during the medieval period. ",,"Edwards 1987, 222",511047,324033,TF1104724033
Car Dyke,Peterborough,IE,unknown,"Baston, between Market Deeping and Kate's Bridge, named in 1349 as one of the vills whose navigation was degraded by the closure of a sewer connecting the Welland with the South Eau, so it is plausible Peterborough-Baston section had been in use. ",,"Caffyn 2010, 325-7; Edwards 1987, 216, 221-2, Fenland 5, passim.",519847,297923,TL1984797923
Car Dyke,Swaton,IE,unknown,"Disafforestment grant in 1230 refers to Car Dyke between Swaton and Market Deeping, indicating it may have been navigable, and a survey of ancient lodes and trenches in 1342 names Walton (between Peterborough and Market Deeping).","A twelfth-century moated enclosure at Sempringham, 4 km south of Swaton, must have thereonwards disconnected the northermost stretch to Swaton from the rest of the dyke.","Caffyn 2010, 325-7; Edwards 1987, 216, 221-2; Fenland 5, passim.",513820,336609,TF1382036609
Castle Acre Priory Canal,Castle Acre Priory,DE,post-1348,"The canal was connected to a grain-processing complex built c. 1360, but may somewhat pre-date it. It appears to have remained in use at least until the priory was dissolved in 1537.",,"Wilcox 2002, 19, 32-6, 46-7, 50-1",581363,314757,TF8136314757
Cat's Water,Nene,DE,post-1348,"Artificial water course, probably constructed in the Early Middle Ages.",,"Chisholm 2010, 130; Fenland 2, 36-7",522705,298975,TL2270598975
Catchwater Drain,Witcham Hythe,IE,PN,Navigable waterway indicated by a hythe at Witcham Hythe attested by 1251. The full route is difficult to reconstruct; here it is indicated by the modern Catchwater Drain and may have extended further east towards Ely.,,"Cole 2007, 68-9; Cole 2013, 229; Oosthuizen 2012, 216-17",546054,281305,TL4605481305
Cheddar Yeo,Hythe by Cheddar and Hythe House at Cross near Axbridge,IE,PN,Hythe place-name by 1212.,,"Cole 2007, 71; Cole 2013, 317",344979,152493,ST4497952493
Cherwell,Ray,DE,before 1375,"Also Eaton place-name attested by 1086 at Water Eaton and Woodeaton, less than 2 km downriver of the confluence of Cherwell and Ray.",,"Blair 2007b, 259; Cole 2013,320; Edwards 1987, 283-4",452319,213711,SP5231913711
Chichester Channel,Chichester,"DE, KB",post-1348,Staple port from 1313.,,"CoPR 1313-1317, 15, 56",483610,103634,SU8361003634
Clwyd,Rhuddlan,"DE, KB",1324,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324. River improved for navigation and for transporting stone for the Rhuddlan Castle after Edward I's campaign of 1277.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Bond 2007, 201-2",302382,377828,SJ0238277828
Cnute's Dyke,Nene,DE,unknown,Probably a medieval canal constructed in the tenth century.,,"Fenland 6, 42",522218,296342,TL2221896342
Colne,Colchester,"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port.,"1353, complaints of obstruction to Colchester.","Edwards 1987, 253-6; Langdon 1993, 5",600382,225943,TM0038225943
Colne,Fordham,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,"1353, complaints of obstruction to Colchester","Edwards 1987, 253-6; Lambert 2011, 213; Langdon 1993, 5",592902,227112,TL9290227112
Conder,Hubbersty,IE,PN,Stathe place-name attested in 1236. Hubbersty is no longer in use as a name.,,"Cole 2007, 75; Cole 2013, 318",347832,454625,SD4783254625
Conwy,Conwy,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 352-3",278503,377498,SH7850377498
Conwy,Llanwrst,DE,1332,Timber from the forest of Snowdonia to be taken and carried by the River Conwy. By its location Llanewrst was the probable harbour.,,"CoPR 1330-1334, 367; Edwards 1987, 352-3",279848,361496,SH7984861496
Coquet,Warkworth,DE,1326,,,"CoPR 1324-1327, 311; Edwards 1987, 125",424841,606238,NU2484106238
Cornmill Stream,Lea,DE,before 1200?,,,"Bond 2007, 190",537700,202995,TL3770002995
Cottenham Lode,Cottenham,DE,unknown,Cottenham Lode connecting to the Old West River in use already 1066.,,"Bond 2007, 182; Fenland 10, 132, 137",545312,268721,TL4531268721
Cound Brook,Eaton Mascott,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",353343,305757,SJ5334305757
Dane,Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name by c. 1262,,"Cole 2013, 319",386939,364767,SJ8693964767
Darcey Lode,Oxlode,DE,unknown,"A canal. 'Darsey' was attested in 1437, but it may have been referred to as 'moneyeslode' already in 1251.",,"Fenland 6, 81",546768,288995,TL4676888995
Darent,Dartford,DE,post-1348,,,"CoPR 1374-1377, 233; Edwards 1987, 278",554451,174531,TQ5445174531
Dart,Totnes,"DE, KB",1326,"Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326, as was Dartmouth downstream. Ahsburton further upstream was named as a staple site from 1327, but Totnes may have served as its port.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 184, 642",280673,60299,SX8067360299
Daugleddau,Cleddau (western Cleddau),DE,1301,"Or Milford Haven, a ria.",,"CoCR 1296-1302, 500; Edwards 1987, 350",200395,211457,SN0039511457
Deben,Woodbridge,DE,post-1348,,,"CoCR 1389-1392, 140; Edwards 1987, 249-50",627886,249179,TM2788649179
Dee,Chester,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324, hosted staple from 1313.",,"CoPR 1313-1317, 15, 56; Edwards 1987, 353-57",340709,365758,SJ4070965758
Dee,Overton,DE,1303x4,,,"Edwards 1987, 353-57",336532,341971,SJ3653241971
Delph Drain,Hive,IE,PN,Hythe place-name attested in 959. Cole suggests Delph Drain connected Hive to Foulness.,,"Cole 2013, 317-18",482585,431271,SE8258531271
"Derwent, Cumberland",Cockermouth,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324, as was Workington further downstream.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 369",312047,530839,NY1204730839
"Derwent, Derbyshire",Derby,DE,before 1269 and again by 1378,,Mills built on the river from 1268 appear to have obstructed the Derwent. But in 1378 the townsmen of Derby were commissioned by the king to build a balinger so the river appears to have been once again navigable.,"Edwards 1987, 187-9",435478,336416,SK3547836416
"Derwent, Yorkshire",East Ayton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 321",498797,484785,SE9879784785
"Derwent, Yorkshire",Stamford Bridge,DE,early 14th century?,"Derwent had become obstructed by 1332, but was recorded as having previously been opento navigation up to Stamford Bridge  'from time before memory'. A ship was recorded on Derwent by Wressle in 1317.","1332, mouth to Stamford Bridge.","CoIM, 107-1349, 320; Edwards 1987, 154",471147,455577,SE7114755577
Don,Doncaster,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",456941,403492,SE5694103492
Don,Rotherham,DE,1322,At some point by the early fifteenth century Don was canalised and turned northwards at Thorne to join the Aire. ,"1326 onwards, to the junction with Trent. Stretch downriver from Doncaster navigable in 1394.","Cole 2007, 64-6; Edwards 1987, 165-7",442484,392261,SK4248492261
Dunwich,Dunwich,"DE, KB",1336,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324. The original river mouth at Dunwich was had become blocked by sand by 1336, after which the use of the river declined.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 247-9",647383,270709,TM4738370709
Eaton Brook,Eaton under Heywood,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1227.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",349966,290110,SO4996690110
Eau,Scotter,DE,post-1348,"It was reported that navigation had become hindered at Scotter by a weir in 1375, suggesting that the river was navigable an unknown distance upstream.",,"Edwards 1987, 191-2",488620,401113,SE8862001113
Eden,Beaumont,DE,post-1348,"There were boats at Beaumont in 1373. A charter from 1401 indicates that merchandise may have been shipped to Scotland via Carlisle, but the wording is uncertain.",,"CoCR 1399-1402, 317; CoPR 1370-1374, 311; Edwards 1987, 370",335087,559272,NY3508759272
Eschedike,Meaux Abbey (Monk Dyke),DE,1160x82,Constructed by Meaux Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 195",509598,439036,TA0959839036
Esk,Ravenglass,"DE, KB",1324,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 368",308403,496134,SD0840396134
Exe,Exeter,DE,1320,Staple from 1327. But there were recurring complaints of obstruction on the Exe from 1290 and as by 1327 it seems that the river had become permanently blocked to navigation the coastal vill of Topsham became Exeter's port.,"From 1290, below Exeter.","CoPR 1327-1330, 98; Edwards 1987, 315-16",291649,92050,SX9164992050
Fal,Truro,"DE, KB",1347,"Truro, further up River Truro, was a staple port from 1327. ",,"CoPR 1327-1330, 98; Edwards 1987, 324",185031,40605,SW8503140605
Fleet,London,DE,13th century?,Stone carried on the Fleet for the rebuilding of St Paul's in 1110-33.,Obstructed in 1307.,"Edwards 1987, 282-3",531638,181176,TQ3163881176
Forthdyke,Monk Dyke,DE,1221-35,Constructed by Meaux Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 195",510837,439304,TA1083739304
Foss Dyke,Trent,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",483368,378137,SK8336878137
Foss Dyke,Witham,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Purveyance account port. Navigable (at least partially) in 1066, but fully opened by Henry I in 1121. ","Obstructions reported from 1299 and the canal may have been periodically unnavigable during the fourteenth century, and probably was unnavigable by the end of the century.","Bond 2007, 175-6; Edwards 1987, 197-9; Jones 2000, 64-5; Langdon 1993, 5",497176,371156,SK9717671156
"Foss, Yorkshire",Strensall,DE,1323,,,"CoPR 1321-1324, 379; Edwards 1987, 155-6",462626,460570,SE6262660570
Foulness,Delph Drain,IE,PN,"Hythe place-name (by Delph Drain) attested in 959. Historically marshy area, possible navigation reconstructed from Domesday hundredal boundaries.",,"Cole 2013, 317-18",482040,432469,SE8204032469
Fowey,Lostwithiel,"DE, KB",1326,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1326, hosted staple from 1327.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 642; Edwards 1987, 317",210617,59810,SX1061759810
"Frome, Dorset",Wareham,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1326. It appears that Frome had began to silt up by the late 13th century. The last mention of Wareham as a major port was in 1347.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 642; EUS Wareham; Edwards 1987, 309",392353,87144,SY9235387144
"Frome, Gloucestershire",Stroud,IE,1326,"Stroud is named in lists of requisition ports for 50 tun ships in 1320s. However, given it is unlikely that the River Frome could have allowed passage for such large vessels this may refer to an outport by the Severn.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 641",384830,205091,SO8483005091
Glastonbury Canal,Glastonbury,DE,unknown,"Anglo-Saxon canal, connecting River Brue with Glastonbury. Charles and Nancy Hollinrake argue it was constructed in the mid-tenth century, and it was probably filled in in the early thirteenth century.",,"Hollinrake and Hollinrake 2007b, 235-43",349910,138606,ST4991038606
Glen,Kate's Bridge,"DE, KB",1336,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 215; Langdon 1993, 5",510821,315158,TF1082115158
Great Ouse,Huntingdon,DE,1338,"Historical ourse has been subject to significant changes by human activity and natural processes. Portions of its historic length include West Water, Old West River and Old Croft River. ","From 1275x78 onwards, to Huntingdon. ","Caffyn 2010, 327-32; Chisholm 2010, 126, 131-3,  Edwards 1987, 222-5; Jones 2000, 67; see also The Fenland Project, passim.",524290,271468,TL2429071468
Great Ouse,Ouzel,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name attested in 1086 by Ouzel. In 1279 a court case complained that a mill build in Offord Cluny restricted navigation between Huntingdon and Bedford, so navigation would otherwise have been possible to Bedford. ",,"Caffyn 2010, 329; Cole 2007, 82; Cole 2013, 319",488029,244041,SP8802944041
Great Ouse,St Ives,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",531271,271155,TL3127171155
Gwendraeth,Kidwelly,DE,1297,Kidwelly is listed among sea ports in a prohibition of travel abroad without license from the king. ,,"CoCR 1296-1302, 83; Edwards 1987, 349",240689,206855,SN4068906855
Hartlake,Whitelake,DE,1326,Canalised in 1326.,,"Rippon 2007, 218-19",353256,140789,ST5325640789
Heacham,Eaton,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name attested in mid-13th century. If open for navigation, the River Heacham would connect the coast to Icknield Way and Peddars Way.",,"Cole 2007, 80; Cole 2013, 320",569761,336421,TF6976136421
Hedon,Burstwick,IE,1345,Diversions of the watercourse above Hedon appear to have hindered passage to Burstwick.,,"CoFR 1337-1347, 407; Edwards 1987, 147",522479,428648,TA2247928648
Hedon,Hedon,"DE, KB",1345,Purveyance account port. The ditch connecting Hedon to Humber had become dry by 1392.,"1338, Hedon to Burstwick.","Edwards 1987, 147; Langdon 1993, 5",518183,428054,TA1818328054
Holehaven Creek / Vange Creek,Fobbing,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Lambert 2011, 213",572003,183743,TQ7200383743
Hull,Wansford,DE,1309,"Berverley was the port named in the purveyance accounts. Grain transport from Malton and Pocklington to Wansford, whence it was shipped down the river.","1268, stretch unspecified, river was navigable in 1309 to Wansford.","Edwards 1987, 148",506100,456206,TA0610056206
Humber Delve,Patrington Haven,"DE, KB",early 14th century,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",530232,420575,TA3023220575
Idle,Bawtry,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",465714,393140,SK6571493140
Idle,Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 82, Cole 2013, 320",470954,377993,SK7095477993
Idle,Mattersey,DE,1322,"Before 1086 the original course of Idle had been diverted east to join Trent through Bycarr's Dyke. The course of old Idle can be partially seen in the historic Yorkshire-Lincolnshire border, and 'Old Idle' joined 'Old Don' hear Hatdfield Chase.","1363, Elkesley to downriver.","Cole 2007, 65-6; Edwards 1987, 189-91",468975,389526,SK6897589526
Ingrebourne,Havering,DE,1266,Timber ordered to be transported 'by water' from Havering to Westminster by the Thames.,"1351-2, a dispute about clearing the river below Havering.","CoLR 1260-1267, 203; Edwards 1987, 278",555487,187067,TQ5548787067
Isleham cut,Isleham,DE,unknown,"A cut connecting Isleham to the Lark. Dates unknown, but possibly late twelfth-century or early thirteenth-century.",,"Oosthuizen 1993, 29-35",564219,274665,TL6421974665
Itchen,Gater's Mill,IE,unknown,"Fieldwork evidence of an Anglo-Saxon canalised section between Wood Mill and Gater's Mill above Southampton. A major international fair at Winchester from 1096 suggests that the river was navigable there, but this is difficult to prove directly. ",The river was deemed unnavigable in 1276-7.,"Cole 2007, 74-7; Currie 2007, 244-53",445281,115571,SU4528115571
Ithon,Llandrindod Wells,DE,11th or 12th century,"Boat find, with timber and stone landing place, dated via radiocarbon.",,"Grimes 1931; Kroger (forthcoming); Lanting 1998, 629; McGrail 1978, 230-2",305322,260996,SO0532260996
Kennet,Kintbury,IE,PN,Hythe place-name attested in 984. Cole writes Hidden at Kintbury refers to 'valley with a hythe'.,,"Cole 2007, 71; Cole 2013, 313",438647,167533,SU3864767533
Kennet,Reading,DE,medieval,Archaeological excavations have revealed a network of medieval canals connected to the Kennet in Reading. Changes to and work on these waterways contined to the Early modern period.,,Ford 2013,471514,173092,SU7151473092
King's Dyke,Nene,IE,unknown,"A canal, dates unknown. Possible tenth century and used mostly for drainage.",,"Fenland 2, 46",522836,296252,TL2283696252
Kingsbridge Estuary,Kingsbridge,DE,1347,,,"CoCR 1346-1349, 328; Edwards 1987, 324",273563,43996,SX7356343996
Lakenheath Old Lode,Lakenheath,IE,PN,Hythe place-name by 945.,,"Cole 2007, 68; Cole 2013, 317",571048,283177,TL7104883177
Lark,Bury St Edmunds,IE,1379,"Along with 11 other vills, the bailiff and citizens of Thetford and Bury St Edmunds were ordered to array a balinger for the king in 1379. All other vills were coastal or along a navigated river, so Lark may have been navigable to the Bury as well.",,"CoCR 1377-1381, 181-2",585787,264358,TL8578764358
Lark,Mildenhall,DE,1253,,,"Bond 2007, 168, 188; Edwards 1987, 227",570787,274259,TL7078774259
Lea,Thele,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",538267,211825,TL3826711825
Lea,Ware,DE,post-1348?,River in known use in 1258 when wine was carried by water from Ware on the Lea to Westminster on the Thames. ,"From 1300 through the fourteenth century, from Ware downriver.","CoLR 1251-1260, 444, 447; Edwards 1987, 278-81",535590,214249,TL3559014249
Leam,Chatteris,DE,unknown,A medieval canal of uncertain date. Also known as Elm River and Doddington Leam.,,"Fenland 2, 46-7",538805,286633,TL3880586633
Leven,Little Ayton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name by 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 82; Cole 2013, 321",456769,510291,NZ5676910291
Little Ouse,Santon Downham,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",581749,287849,TL8174987849
Little Ouse,Thetford,DE,post-1348,"Santon Downham, some 9.5 km downstream of Thetford, was a purveyance port in the early fourteeth century.",,"Caffyn, 334-6; Edwards 1987, 228",586672,283180,TL8667283180
Lugg,Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086. The river was presumably navigable 1 km further upstream to Leominster.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",350841,258272,SO5084158272
Lune,Kirby Lonsdale,DE,post-1348,"A 1365 grant of pontage indicates that Lune was navigable from Kirby Lonsdale to 'Gratrehals', an uncertain location further upstream.",,"CoPR 1364-1367, 129; Edwards 1987, 367",361326,478823,SD6132678823
Lune,Lancaster,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 367",348183,462901,SD4818362901
Medina,Newport,"DE, KB",1342,Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183, 641; Edwards 1987, 307",450117,89391,SZ5011789391
Medway,Maidstone,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Purveyance account port, named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1326.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 641; Edwards 1987, 274-77; Jones 2000, 63, 65-6; Langdon 1993, 5",575766,155541,TQ7576655541
Mersey,Irlam,DE,12th century,Logboat find at Irlam dated c. twelfth century. Warburton some 5 km downriver was navigated in 1364.,,"Edwards 1987, 362-4; Kroger (forthcoming); Lanting 1998, 629; McGrail 1978, 220-22",372659,393526,SJ7265993526
Mersey,Lymm,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326. Staithe place-name at Statham by Lymm.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183, 641; Cole 2013, 59, 318; Edwards 1987, 362-4",367312,387838,SJ6731287838
"Mill Stream, Glastonbury",Brue,DE,unknown,Lode place-name first attested c. 1180.,,"Cole 2007, 78; Rippon 2007, 210",349085,139761,ST4908539761
Monk Dyke,Leven,DE,1210-20,Constructed by Meaux Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 195",510309,444089,TA1030944089
Monk's Lode,Sawtry Abbey,DE,before 1342,A canal constructed by Sawtry Abbey by 1176 to carry building stone.,,"Bond 2007, 187-8",519962,283098,TL1996283098
Monnow,Skenfrith,DE,12th century,Twelfth-century wharf was excavated at the Skenrift Castle. Extent of navigation further upstream unknown.,,"Evans et al. 2003, 76",345735,220267,SO4573520267
Nar,Castle Acre,DE,1301,,,"Bond 2007, 188; Edwards 1987, 229",582042,314994,TF8204214994
Nene,Alwalton,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",513156,296257,TL1315696257
Nene,Barnwell,DE,1322x41,"Course substantially modified several times in the medieval and post-medieval periods; see the Fenland Project for details down to parish level. Barwell was navigated in 1322x41, and Water Newton west of Peterborough was open for navigation in 1348.","1314 onwards, obstruction at Outwell as well as places further uptream to Peterborough, Sawtry and Yaxley. Nene waters found a channel in the Well Creek, flowing east towards the Great Ouse and King's Lynn.","Bond 2007, 189; Edwards 1987, 217-21; Fenland 2, 46 and The Fenland Project, passim.",505732,286924,TL0573286924
North Beck,East Drayton,DE,1316,,,"Caffyn 2010, 304",477636,375594,SK7763675594
Northlode canal,Theale,IE,PN,Lode place-name at Northlode by 1308. The actual course of the presumed canal is unknown; best guess traced on the map.,,"Cole 2007, 78; Cole 2013, 60, 238",346941,146331,ST4694146331
Old Brue,Brue,DE,1273,"Hythe at Bleadney attested in 712. Date of Brue diversion unknown, but the new channel connected Glastonbury to Meare by 1091. Old course still used for transport in 1273, and some portion of the waters still flowed through it in the sixteenth century.",,"Cole 2007, 71; Cole 2013, 317; Rippon 2007, 207-227",348157,138076,ST4815738076
Old Rhyne / Cunlease Rhine,hythe north of Butleigh,IE,PN,Course marked by three hythes recorded in Anglo-Saxon charter boundaries. The easternmost was 'Welesyth' (Welsh hythe).,,"Cole 2007, 74; Hollinrake and Hollinrake 2007b, 241-2",352151,135016,ST5215135016
Old West River,Great Ouse,DE,late 13th century,Cottenham Lode connecting to the Old West River in use already 1066. The importance of this connection between Great Ouse and Cam seems to have grown in the late thirteenth century as the Nene/Great Ouse outlet at Wisbech began to silt up. ,,"Bond 2007, 165; Edwards 1987, 22; Fowler 1933, 117-24",539293,274702,TL3929374702
Onny,Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1291-2.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",337476,289677,SO3747689677
Ore,Orford,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326. Ore originally entered the sea near Orford, but the mouth has been pushed southwards over the centuries.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183, 641; Edwards 1987, 249",642575,249480,TM4257549480
Orwell,Ipswich,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324, hosted staple from 1313.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; CoPR 1313-1317, 15, 56; Edwards 1987, 250-2",616330,243942,TM1633043942
Ouse Burn,South Gosforth,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Lambert 2011, 211",425545,568092,NZ2554568092
"Ouse, Sussex",Lewes,DE,post-1348,,,"CoCR 1409-1413, 184; Edwards 1987, 303-4",541941,110229,TQ4194110229
"Ouse, Yorkshire",Ure,DE,post-1348,,Several fourteenth-century references to obstructions.,"Edwards 1987, 149-55",448280,460154,SE4828060154
Ouzel,Water Eaton,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name attested in 1086. Cole also suggests Eaton Bray further upstream, but this name probably derives from a different root (Eleanor Rye, pers. comm.).",,"Cole 2007, 82; Cole 2013, 319",488335,232954,SP8833532954
Oxlode,Little Downham Hythe,DE,unknown,"A medieval canal, dates unknown.",,"Fenland 6, 81",549958,283804,TL4995883804
Parrett,Thorney,"DE, KB",14th century,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 319-21; Langdon 1993, 5",342683,122885,ST4268322885
Pembroke,Pembroke,"DE, KB",1297,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 350",198273,201652,SM9827301652
Penk,Water Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 940.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 321",390135,311075,SJ9013511075
Perry,Yeaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",343356,319222,SJ4335619222
Pilrow,Brue,DE,post-1348,"Canal constructed by 1235. It is possible that Pilrow represent the first course of canalised Brue, and the section connecting Brue from its intersection with Pilrow to the Bristol Channel was added later. It was still in use in 1500.",,"Bond 2007, 197; Rippon 2007, 207-27",340077,144724,ST4007744724
Pudsey,Crouch,IE,PN,"Hythe place at Pudsey ('Podes(h)ethe') attested in 1361, and also at Creekside ('Krikesheth') some 5 km further downstream in 1240.",,"Cole 2007, 61; Cole 2013, 314",588413,196619,TQ8841396619
Ramsey Lode,Ramsey,DE,unknown,"Lode, built to connect Ramsey Abbey to the Nene. Construction and improvements carried out in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries with the lode having been filled in by 1539.",,"Fenland 6, 47; Oosthuizen 2012, 210-11, Spoerry 2008, 176, 186-90, 199-202",529025,285190,TL2902585190
Ray,Otmoor,DE,before 1375,,"1271, at Otmoor.","Blair 2007b, 259; Edwards 1987, 283-4",456991,216169,SP5699116169
Reach Lode,Reach,DE,post-1348,"A canal, probably constructed in the Anglo-Saxon period.",,"Bond 2007, 185; Fenland 10, 112; Fowler 1933, 113-14; Oosthuizen 2012, 213, 219",556490,266505,TL5649066505
Rhee Wall,Appledore,DE,c. 1300,13thC canal diverting Rother and connecting Appledore with Romney. Primary purpose probably to channel the water to clear the estuary of silts. Sparse references to navigation until c. 1300 and it is unclear how regularly it was used for shipping.,"Degraded by great storms in the later thirteenth century, the last of which took place in 1287. ","Eddison 2002, 127-39",595687,128837,TQ9568728837
Ribble,Preston,DE,post-1348,,,"Edwards 1987, 366",352774,428839,SD5277428839
Rother,Etchingham,DE,1348,"In the Middle Ages the river split into two channels at Maythan, surrounding the Isle of Oxney. The northern channel (Upper Rother) passed Appledore before recombining with its twin, and can be traced through parish boundaries and the Reading Sewer.",,"Caffyn 2010, 382-6; Edwards 1987, 300-3; Gardiner 2007, 100-3",571600,126342,TQ7160026342
Rother,Small Hythe,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",589330,129936,TQ8933029936
Salcott Creek,Salcot,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Lambert 2011, 214",595184,213661,TL9518413661
Selby Canal,Monk Fryston,DE,probably by 1123,Construction probably connected to the rebuilding of the Selby Abbey under Hugh de Lacy (1097-1123).,,"Bond 2007, 190",451146,429636,SE5114629636
Severn,Montford Bridge,DE,post-1348,"Tolls dated 1285-1412 show boats were passing Montford Bridge. Navigation may have extended at least as far Welshpool, the next major commercial site further upstream. Welshpool was a 13thC borough with a market by 1252 and five recorded annual fairs.","1277, at Gloucester and Worcester.","Edwards 1987, 330-4",343191,315311,SJ4319115311
Severn,Shrewsbury,"DE, KB",post-1348,Staple port from 1327. ,,"CoPR 1327-1330, 98; Edwards 1987, 330-4",349587,312361,SJ4958712361
Sheppey,Fenny Castle,DE,unknown,Canalised by embankment for navigation by the fourteenth century. It is difficult to judge how far the navigation extended but the river was embanked at least as far as Fenny Castle.,,"Rippon 2007, 218-19",350814,143921,ST5081443921
Skerndile,Skerne,DE,1249-69,Constructed by Meaux Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 195-6",504079,454821,TA0407954821
Slade Lode,West Water / Great Ouse,DE,by 13th century,A canal. Lode place-name attested by thirteenth century.,,"Fenland 6, 94",537592,283834,TL3759283834
Slea,Holmilne' (possibly near Haverholme Priory),KB,unknown,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",511082,349278,TF1108249278
Slea,Sleaford,DE,1301,,Slea reported obstructed in 1342.,"Caffyn 2010, 316-17; Edwards 1987, 199-201",506811,345727,TF0681145727
South Eau,Crowland Abbet / Welland,DE,before 1303,"Most of the Crowland-Tydd St Mary route can be traced by boundary lines, but Dowsdale-Welland connection is uncertain. Two likely sewers (Oldee and Shepeau in 1349) used but these may be only a part of a complicated landscape of waterways and canals.","Westernmost section connecting to the Welland blocked by Abbot Richard of Crowland (1280-1303), although it may have been periodically open. The Crowland blockage was still being contested in 1349.","Caffyn 2010, 324; Edwards 1987, 216; Chisholm 2010, 127-31",523942,310241,TF2394210241
South Forty Foot Drain,Bridgend,"DE, KB",early 14th century,Purveyance account port. Langdon suggests that the water route from Bridgend to Boston went roughly along the present South Forty Foot Drain (constructed from 1765). Its medieval predecessor was the Midfen Dyke.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",517339,335622,TF1733935622
Sow,Penk,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name at Water Eaton on Penk attestd in 940. Cole believes Stafford 3 km upriver from Penk confluence derives from 'staithe', meaning landing place, but this interpretation is uncertain (Eleanor Rye pers.comm.).",,"Cole 2007, 75, 81; Cole 2013, 321",394572,322875,SJ9457222875
Steeping,Wainfleet all Saints,"DE, KB",1301,"Purveyance account port, named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 194; Langdon 1993, 5",549789,358625,TF4978958625
"Stour, Kent",Canterbury,DE,1309,It is probable only small vessels (referred to as 'navicule' in a 1264 Canterbury document relating to building a bridge sufficiently tall so as not to impede river traffic) could reach Canterbury.,,"CoPR 1307-1313, 178; Edwards 1987, 298-301",614122,157467,TR1412257467
"Stour, Kent",Fordwich,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port. In the Middle Ages the broad Watsum Channel separated the Isle of Thanet from the mainland. The course of the waterway below Fordwich is therefore the modern and much reduced course of the river. ,,"Langdon 1993, 5",617965,159802,TR1796559802
"Stour, Suffolk",Brett,DE,post-1348,Hadleigh on River Brett is in Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Edwards 1987, 252-3; Lambert 2011, 213",603511,235079,TM0351135079
Swaffham Lode,Commercial End,DE,post-1348,"A canal, probably constructed in the Anglo-Saxon period. Still in use in the fifteenth century.",,"Bond 2007, 185; Fenland 10, 112; Fowler 1933, 113; Oosthuizen 2012, 212-13",555515,263250,TL5551563250
"Swale, Kent",Faversham,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1326.,"1353, stretch unspecified.","CoCR 1323-1327, 641; Edwards 1987, 272-4",601340,161540,TR0134061540
"Swale, Yorkshire",Morton-on-Swale,IE,1317,Mention of boats on the river.,,"Edwards 1987, 156-7; Caffyn 2010, 296-7",431884,491847,SE3188491847
Swavesey canal,Swavesey,DE,medieval,"Hythe place-name attested in 1066: 'Swaef's landing place'. Archaeology shows that the town ditch was improved for navigation, probably between 1150-1350. It is not entirely clear by which route this unnamed waterway connected to the Great Ouse.",,"Cole 2013, 229, 314; Sayer 2009, 140-1",536218,269168,TL3621869168
Swift Ditch,Thames,DE,unknown,"Thames diversion, cut between 1052-65.",,"Bond 2007, 179; Blair 2007b, 266-8",451457,196734,SU5145796734
Taff,Cardiff,DE,post-1348,Hosted staple from 1326.,,"CoPR 1324-1327, 274",317980,175912,ST1798075912
Tamar,Morwellham,DE,1339,Quay of the water of Tamar' noted at Morwellham.,,"CoIM 1307-1349, 409; Edwards 1987, 316-17",244655,69656,SX4465569656
Tame,Anker,IE,PN,Eaton place-name by Anker attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 321",420512,303811,SK2051203811
Taw,Barnstaple,"DE, KB",post-1348,Major requistion port in 1326.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 642; Edwards 1987, 318-19",255782,132931,SS5578232931
Tees,Yarm,"DE, KB",1347,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 131-4; Langdon 1993, 5",441806,513154,NZ4180613154
Teifi,Cardigan,"DE, KB",post-1348,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 350-2",217778,245812,SN1777845812
Teifi,Cilgerran,DE,before 1340,"Navigation was improved by the removal of weirs at Cilgerran in the early fourteenth century, but obstructed again in 1340. Probable head of navigation above Cilgerran at Cenarth some 12 km distant, where a waterfall would have stopped navigation.","Fourteenth century, weirs at Cilgerran.","CoIM 1307-1349, 420; Edwards 1987, 350-2",219698,243004,SN1969843004
Teign,Kingsteignton,DE,14th century,"Boat find, wood dated to fourteenth century.",,"Dudley 2001, 266-72; Kroger (forthcoming)",286371,72458,SX8637172458
Teme,Onny,IE,PN,Eaton place-name (by Onny) attested in 1291-2.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",348485,276623,SO4848576623
Tern,Eaton upon Tern,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1255-6.,,"Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320",364904,323112,SJ6490423112
Test,Redbridge,DE,post-1348,"A 1358 charter mentions vessels passing under the bridge of Redbridge indicating that the river was navigated further on, possibly to Romsey some 10 km upstream.",,"CoPR 1358-1361, 29; Edwards 1987, 306",436834,113981,SU3683413981
Thames (lower),Henley (to Radcot),"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port at Henley. Thames divided into three sections by navigability. Sea-Henley (lower) was always open to navigation up and downstream.,Fishing weirs on the Thames and Medway were already a concern in Magna Carta of 1216. The section above Henley appears to have become obstructed by the fifteenth century. Route from London to Henley is reported as heavily obstructed already in 1348.,"Blair 2007b, 254-86; Caffyn 2010, 352-67; CoPR 1348-1350, 76; Edwards 1987, 265-72; Jones 2000, 66; Langdon 1993, 5",476365,182644,SU7636582644
Thames (middle),Oxford (to Radcot),"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port at Oxford. Thames divided into three sections by navigability. Henley-Oxford (middle) was an important route but shipping probably mostly took place downstream with westwards traffic being carried overland.,Fishing weirs on the Thames and Medway were already a concern in Magna Carta of 1216. The section above Henley appears to have become obstructed by the fifteenth century. Route from London to Henley is reported as heavily obstructed already in 1348.,"Blair 2007b, 254-86; Caffyn 2010, 352-67; CoPR 1348-1350, 76; Edwards 1987, 265-72; Jones 2000, 66; Langdon 1993, 5",451443,205559,SP5144305559
Thames (upper),Radcot,DE,1271,Thames divided into three sections by navigability. Above Oxford (upper) it was probably navigated mostly by smaller boats and the shipping may have been local in its prevailing character.,Fishing weirs on the Thames and Medway were already a concern in Magna Carta of 1216. The section above Henley appears to have become obstructed by the fifteenth century. Route from London to Henley is reported as heavily obstructed already in 1348.,"Blair 2007b, 254-86; Caffyn 2010, 352-67; Edwards 1987, 265-72; Jones 2000, 66",428561,199401,SU2856199401
Thames (upper),Water Eaton,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name attested in 1086. Cole suggests that the river was get navigable further 5,5 km upstream to Cricklade, where there was a transhipment point.",,"Cole 2007, 80; Cole 2013, 321",412471,193907,SU1247193907
Till,Stow,DE,13th century,,,"Caffyn 2010, 302",490395,382379,SK9039582379
Tone,near Curry Bridge,KB,post-1348,Curry Bridge was listed as a purveyance account port. Along the old course of the Tone two lodes ('Coglode' and Curload) appear to refer to short now disappeared waterways.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",329654,126356,ST2965426356
Tone,Taunton,DE,1342x75,Along the old course of the Tone two lodes ('Coglode' and Curload) appear to refer to short now disappeared waterways.,,"Cole 2007, 78; Edwards 1987, 321-2; Hollinrake and Hollinrake 2007a, 231",322657,124815,ST2265724815
Torridge,Hyde,IE,PN,Hythe place-name by 1333,,"Cole 2013, 314",246435,128992,SS4643528992
Towy,Carmarthen,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324, hosted staple from 1327.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; CoPR 1327-1330, 98; Edwards 1987, 349-50; Stratchey 1767 ii, 246",241385,219854,SN4138519854
Trent,Nottingham,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",458139,338245,SK5813938245
Trent,Sow,IE,PN,Eaton place-name at Water Eaton on the Penk attested in 940.,,"Cole 2007, 75, 81; Cole 2013, 321",399501,322586,SJ9950122586
Trent,Swarkestone,DE,1338,,"Periodic complaints raised from 1268, first from above Torksey.","CoPR 1338-1340, 22; Edwards 1987, 180-7",436896,328515,SK3689628515
Truro,Truro,"DE, KB",1347,Staple port from 1327. ,,"CoPR 1327-1330, 98; Edwards 1987, 324",182928,44705,SW8292844705
Tupholme Abbey canal,Tupholme Abbey,DE,before 1189,Cut to serve Tupholme Abbey.,,"Bond 2007, 196",514408,367970,TF1440867970
Tweed,Roxburgh,DE,1401,Mentioned as port.,,"CoPR 1399-1401, 468; Edwards 1987, 124",371189,633905,NT7118933905
Tyne,Haydon Bridge,IE,1265x1350,"Ship toll, but it has been suggested the record is a clerical error.",,"Caffyn 2010, 281",384379,564374,NY8437964374
Tyne,Newcastle-upon-Tyne,"DE, KB",1362,"Staple port from 1313, named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.","1344, stretch unspecified; 1367 known to be open to Newcastle; 1371 obstructions Newcastle-Prudhoe.","CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 125-30; Strachey, vol. 2, 246",425278,563753,NZ2527863753
Ure,Boroughbridge,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Purveyance account port. References to navigation by Boroughbridge often indicate ship toll, which indicated the river was navigable some distance past the town.",,"Caffyn 2010, 297; Edwards 1987, 157-9; Langdon 1993, 5",439313,467103,SE3931367103
Usk,Usk,"DE, KB",1342,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 348",337417,200732,SO3741700732
Waller's Haven,Hooe,DE,14th century,In Lambert's list of requisition ports 1320-60.,,"Lambert 2011, 212",568025,110844,TQ6802510844
Wantsum Channel,Stour,"DE, KB",post-1348,In the Middle Ages the Wantsum Channel was a strait that encircled the Isle of Thanet. This location represents an approximation of the site where the Stour flowed into it.,,,624728,163387,TR2472863387
Waveney,Beccles,"DE, KB",1325,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 242-3; Langdon 1993, 5",641889,290416,TM4188990416
Waver,Abbeytown,"DE, KB",1324,"Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324. Abbeytown was previously called Holm Cultram, by which name medieval sources relating to navigation there refer to it. Large ships are unlikely have reached the town itself.",,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 369-70",317040,551881,NY1704051881
Wear,Durham,IE,1336-1415,Payments for transport of stone by boat made at Durham.,,"Caffyn 2010, 283",427243,542432,NZ2724342432
Weaver,Dane,IE,PN,"Eaton place-name by c. 1262 (by River Dane). Eaton Hall (SJ415610), attested by c. 1050, some 3.5 km further upriver from the Dane confluence may have also been an eaton, but the spellings are inconclusive.",,"Cole 2013, 319",365698,373757,SJ6569873757
Weaver,Frodsham,DE,1324,,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 365",352996,378453,SJ5299678453
Well Creek,Wellstream,"DE, KB",1301,"Diversion of the Nene and Wellstream waters towards the new course of the Great Ouse, constructed by late thirteenth century.","1301, near Outwell, forcing boats coming from the west to use the Old Croft River section of the Wellstream to detour via Littleport on their way to King's Lynn.","Bond 2007, 186-7",551325,303758,TF5132503758
Welland,Crowland,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",523942,310241,TF2394210241
Welland,Stamford,DE,1303,The section between Crowland and Waldram Hall by the Welland was navigable in 1369.,"1334, at waterways connected to Spalding. But in 1336 grain was shipped from Crowland (upstream from Spalding) to Boston and the section between Crowland and Waldram Hall by the Welland was navigable in 1369. See Chisholm 2010, 136.","Chisholm 2010, 136; Edwards 1987, 212-15",503012,306931,TF0301206931
Wellstream,Cam / Great Ouse,DE,1301,"Old course of the Great Ouse, part of which is also called the Old Croft River. By late thirteenth century new channels at Littleport and Upwell diverted water east and Wellstream seems to have declined in use. ",,"Bond 2007, 186-7; Chisholm 2010, 131-2",553523,274634,TL5352374634
Wensum,Morton,DE,1291,,,"Caffyn 2010, 345-6; Edwards 1987, 241-2",612818,316743,TG1281816743
Wensum,Norwich,"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Caffyn 2010, 345-6; Edwards 1987, 241-2; Langdon 1993, 5",622790,308863,TG2279008863
West Water,Great Ouse,DE,14th century?,"Canalised branch of the Great Ouse: see lode names 'Hollode', Horningslade', 'Grauelode'. May have declined by 1200 but Slade Lode and a hythe at Chatteris suggests navigation in 13thC, as do records of the bishopric of Ely in 14thC.",,"Chisholm 2010, 133; Cole 2007, 77; Cole 2013, 60, 238; Fenland 6, 94",539293,274702,TL3929374702
Western Cleddau,Haverfordwest,"DE, KB",1301,Named in the list of large ship requisition ports of 1324.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 183; Edwards 1987, 350",195517,215689,SM9551715689
Whaplode,Holbeach,"DE, KB",14th century?,"Purveyance account port, lode place-name attested by 1086 at Whaplode.",,"Cole 2013, 60, 238; Langdon 1993, 5",533172,324434,TF3317224434
Wharfe,Tadcaster,"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Edwards 1987, 160-1; Langdon 1993, 5",448745,443451,SE4874543451
Whitelake,Pilton,DE,1326,Partially canalised in 1326.,,"Rippon 2007, 218-19",357517,140080,ST5751740080
Wicken Lode,near Wicken,DE,unknown,Medieval lode and hythe near Wicken. Dates of use unknown.,,"Fowler 1933, 116; Oosthuizen 2012, 217",556312,270477,TL5631270477
Wissey,Oxborough,"DE, KB",1325,"Purveyance account port. A hythe was recorded at Methold Hythe (TL712948) some 5 km south of Wissey in 1277. Presumably a man-made waterway linked the hythe to the river, but its course cannot now be recovered.",,"Cole 2013, 316; Edwards 1987, 228; Langdon 1993, 5",573479,299546,TL7347999546
Witham,Beckingham,DE,1336,,,"Caffyn 2010, 312-15; Edwards 1987, 194-7",487340,353881,SK8734053881
Witham,Claypole,IE,before 1328,"Commissions to remove obstructions from Witham to Claypole recorded from 1328. Since the river was navigable to Beckingham in 1336, only 4 km downtream from Claypole, it is possible that navigation reached Claypole in the Middle Ages as well.",,"CoPR 1327-1330, 349; CoPR 1334-1338, 220; Edwards 1987, 194-7",484243,348895,SK8424348895
Witham,Lincoln,KB,post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Langdon 1993, 5",497176,371156,SK9717671156
Wrangle Drain,Wrangle,DE,1189x1206,,,"Caffyn 2010, 312",542020,350214,TF4202050214
Wye,Chepstow,"DE, KB",1326,Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326.,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 184, 642; Edwards 1987, 440-1",353377,194239,ST5337794239
Wye,Ithon,DE,before 1301,"The 1301 survey charter notes that the river was previously navigable between Monmouth and Hereford. Eaton at Eaton Bishop. Boat find by Ithon indicates possibility of navigation upstream, but its extent between Hereford(Bishop Eaton and Ithon unknown.","1301, between Hereford and Monmouth.","Cole 2007, 81; Cole 2013, 320; Edwards 1987, 440-1",301252,256389,SO0125256389
Yare,Eaton,IE,PN,Eaton place-name attested in 1086.,,"Cole 2007, 82; Cole 2013, 320",620228,305896,TG2022805896
Yare,Wensum,"DE, KB",post-1348,"Norwich, near where the Wensum joins the Yare, was a purveyance account port.",1422 onwards efforts were made to improve navigation.,"Edwards 1987, 238-41",625033,307806,TG2503307806
Yaxley Lode,Yaxley,"DE, KB",post-1348,Purveyance account port.,,"Fenland 6, 22; Langdon 1993, 5",518881,292068,TL1888192068
Yealm,Newton Ferrers,"DE, KB",1326,Named in the lists of large ship requisition ports of 1324 and 1326. ,,"CoCR 1323-1327, 184, 641",255032,47909,SX5503247909
"Yeo, Ilchester",Ilchester,IE,PN,"Lode place-name at Long Load and Little Load by 1285. Roman wharves found at Ilchester on the Foss Way, so the Yeo may have been kept navigable that far. An account from c. 1633 mentions that boats reached the Pill Bridge, 3 km downstream from Ilchester.",,"Caffyn 2010, 408; Cole 2007, 78; Cole 2013, 60, 238; Edwards 1987, 322",352224,122827,ST5222422827