Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context details |
104 |
25 |
5 fragments, burnt and weathered but a saddle quern material, possible traces of worn surface; 380 g |
Lower Greensand from Culham area, Oxon |
Small gully overlying gully 37 and abutted by 111 (a linear spread of burnt limestone); S2, Trench 6 |
111 |
71 |
Fragment lower stone rotary quern, slightly convex grinding surface prepared by pecking, roughly pecked round edge, underside not modified; 181 x 169 x 85 mm, 3.800 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, pebbly sandstone |
Layer of cobbles, sealing gully 37, contemporary with gully arc 22; S2, Trench 6 |
155 |
28 |
Fragment with a flat surface which has been worn smooth, probably part of a hog-backed rubber for a saddle quern; now 104 x 77 mm, th 90 mm, 935 g |
May Hill sandstone |
Ditch of large enclosure probably surrounding a structure, 15m diam, cut by 153 (large ditched enclosure E3), 2m entrance to E, 3 phases; S11/E4, Trench 8 |
223 |
56 |
Part of saddle quern made from boulder, possibly re-used part of larger quern, grinding surface worn smooth, especially round edge, central part slightly hollowed; 216 x 178 mm, th 54 mm. 2.5 kg |
May Hill sandstone |
Shallow clay-lined pit; S10, Trench 12 |
234 |
57 |
Part of cobble with flat surface that has been worn smooth but has slight traces of previous pecking, probably used as rubber; 100 x 74mm, th 49 mm, 465 g |
Quartzitic sandstone |
Clay-lined pit, S7, Trench 12 |
401 |
154 |
2 fitting fragments with traces of a slightly convex, worked surface, probably part of small rubber for saddle quern; now 68 x 57 mm, th 57 mm, 260 g |
May Hill sandstone |
House gullies (369, 394, 400) on west side where all merge; S 20, Trench 14 |
413 |
176 |
Fragment from rotary quern, probably upper stone, grinding surface worn into rings, pecked into shape round rim; diam c. 300 mm, max th now 105 mm, 1.390 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, sandstone |
E-W ditch, cut by 377, same as 445; LB 413, Trench 14 |
998 |
291 |
Corner fragment from saddle quern, grinding surface worn smooth, especially round edge, made from a boulder with some chipping into shape at one end, well worn with a minimum thickness of 7.5 mm; now 153 x 135 mm, max th 48 mm, 1.300 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, sandstone |
NW SE ditch in east of Trench 14 |
1016 |
292 |
Pebble with dimensions and weight suitable for use as a slingstone; 47 x 35 x 29 mm, 50 g |
Quartzite |
Possibly same as 997, (NW SE ditch in east of Trench 14); LB 997, Trench 39 |
1046 |
294 |
Burnt and weathered fragment with some iron staining, small area of worked surface, probable quern fragment; 81 x 55 mm, th 30 mm, 160 g |
Probably Upper Old Red Sandstone, pebbly sandstone |
Layer beneath 1044; Trench 14 |
Unphased
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
0 |
5643 |
Weathered fragment, likely to have been part of a saddle quern or rubber, probably relates to Iron Age activity; 360 g |
Lower Greensand from Culham area, Oxon |
No information |
414 |
276 |
Fragment with traces of grinding surface, probably part of saddle quern or rubber, likely to be redeposited from middle Iron Age context; now 80 x 68 mm, th 50 mm, 340 g |
May Hill sandstone |
Series of boundary cuts across the south of Trench 14, cutting S 15, most probably Roman; LB 414, Trench 14 |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
506 |
78 |
Fragment whetstone, worn rod type; 53 x 24 x 11 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag |
Complete circular gully, 8m diam, in north east Trench 12 |
577 |
750 |
Unshaped slab with some evidence of wear on one flat side, possibly used as a smoother; 109 x 75 x 27 mm, 425 g |
Fine-grained limestone, probably from Oxford Clay or Kellaways Beds |
Roughly circular enclosure on west side Trench 13 |
775 |
616 |
Complete spindlewhorl, burnt, disc type, cylindrical hole; diam 37 mm, th 14 mm, diam of hole 8.5 mm, 20 g |
Fine-grained limestone, probably from Great Oolite |
Large, sub-rectangular enclosure in south east corner |
1753 |
1058 |
Slab utilised as whetstone, wear on two edges and one flat surface; 107 x 68 x 23.5 mm, 240 g
|
Fine-grained, red, slightly micaceous sandstone, Lower Old Red Sandstone? |
Short length of ditch/gully near CG 1775 |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
891 |
3238 |
Fragment, unworked but probably intended for use; 22 g |
Chalk |
Circular pit in trench 13 |
1910 |
1545 |
Fragment whetstone, worn rod (now split in 2); 66 x 22 x 19 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag |
Gravel surface |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
522 |
361 |
Complete spindlewhorl, disc shape; diam 32 mm, th 12.5 mm, 15 g |
Clay, either from Oxford Clay or Kellaways Beds |
Possible floor make up within B 3, Trench 13 |
559 |
356 |
Fragment whetstone, slab type, also used as point sharpener; 63 x 50 x 24.5 mm, 60 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone, Brownstones |
Eastern boundary of Trench 13 |
609 |
580 |
Fragment millstone, upper stone, raised rim round edge of top surface, rest of top surface pitted, grinding surface worn smooth; diam approx 750 mm, th at rim 88 mm, 2.500 kg |
Millstone Grit |
Part of fencing line 2 |
687 |
420 |
Whetstone, triangular block with 4 worked surfaces, probably re-used roofing tile; 84 x 51 x 34 mm, 180 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone, Brownstones |
Layer of cobbles, enclosure in Trench 13 |
1200 |
672 |
Fragment whetstone, retains groove from initial shaping of rod; slightly worn, rectangular cross-section; 58 x 26 x 19 mm, 50 g |
Kentish Rag |
General spread of material cleaned up from Trench 17 |
1200 |
705 |
Fragment whetstone, retaining traces of 4 grooves from cutting of original rod, rectangular cross-section (cast of fossil shell); 54 x 22 x 13.5 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
717 |
Fragment whetstone, rod type, worn sides; 83 x 20 x 16 mm, 30 g |
Kentish Rag |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
2572 |
Weight, nearly complete, near spherical but with flattened top and bottom; diam 67.5mm, th 51 mm, 340 g |
Quartzite |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
2747 |
Whetstone, re-used fragment of roofing tile, one worn, flat surface; 75 x 62 x 16 mm, 90 g |
Pennant sandstone |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
2923 |
Millstone fragment? (not seen) |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
2933 |
Quern (not seen) |
"Old Red Sandstone" |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
3079 |
Part of whetstone, rod type, well worn, oval cross-section; 82.5 x 21 x 13 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag |
" " " " " " |
1200 |
3558 |
Whetstone, re-used fragment of roofing tile, one worn, flat surface, traces of further use as point sharpener; 135 x 100 x 21 mm, 410 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone, Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
1269 |
2336 |
Small spherical pebble, unworked, but possibly could have been used as a marble; diam 22.5 mm, 15 g |
Flint |
Wide N-S ditch across central Trench 17 |
1294 |
2938 |
Whetstone, re-used fragment of roofing tile, two worn flat surfaces and further use as point sharpener; 78 x 78 x 29.5 mm, 310 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone, Brownstones |
NE SW ditch in Trench 17 |
1366 |
2925 |
Weathered fragment from rotary quern or millstone; 162 x 128 x 102 mm, 1.700 kg |
Millstone Grit |
N-S linear rubble spread to S of B6, possibly representing a wall |
1368 |
2924 |
Fragment lower stone rotary quern, fully pierced, smooth grinding surface, underside not modified; th in centre 90 mm, 3.900 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
Gully, possibly same as 1416, contemporary with 1428 |
1393 |
2936 |
Fragment lower stone rotary quern, fully pierced, pecked to shape round rim, underside left rough; diam 440 mm, th at rim c. 40 mm, th in centre 62 mm, 4.500 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
E W gully central Trench 17 |
1393 |
2937 |
Fragment millstone, probably upper stone, weathered, part of central hole; th 129.9 mm, diam of hole approx 130 mm, 7.100 kg |
Millstone Grit |
" " " " " |
1408 |
2926 |
About half lower stone rotary quern, fully pierced, rim pecked to shape, underside unmodified; diam c. 350 mm, th at rim 59 mm, th in centre 85 mm, 7.800 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
E W ditch turning N S in Trench 17 |
1409 |
2838 |
Corner fragment from palette, two chamfered edges; 74.5 x 32 x 10 mm, 35 g |
Purbeck Marble |
" " " " " " |
1429 |
2840 |
Fragment whetstone, well worn; 51 x 20 x 12 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag |
Ditch, SW NE |
1716 |
1030 |
Fragment whetstone, traces of 2 grooves from initial shaping into rod, rectangular cross-section, slightly worn; 60 x 26 x 17 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag |
Pit/ditch terminal along S edge of Trench 13 |
1988 |
1546 |
Fragment whetstone, worn rod; 46.5 x 19 x 14 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag |
Deep gully, probably contemporary with B7 |
2111 |
1544 |
Fragment rectangular block used as point sharpener and probably also as whetstone; 54.5 x 47 x 35 mm, 110 g |
Fine-grained, reddish sandstone, probably ORS |
Black loam layer WS B7? |
2162 |
1686 or 1696 |
"whetstone" (not seen) |
N S boundary ditch |
|
2175 |
3552 |
9 small fragments, quern or millstone material; 125 g |
Niedermendig lava |
Boundary ditch SW NE, contemporary 2198 |
2509 |
2141 |
Whetstone, worn to a slender rod; 97 x 17 x 13 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag |
Wall trench for building 2 |
2818 |
2979 |
part of whetstone, re-used fragment of roofing tile with wear on one flat surface and 2 sides; 82 x 60 x 16 mm, 75 g |
Pennant sandstone?
|
E boundary ditch running S from E W road |
2828 |
3023 |
Whetstone, seems complete but well worn; 79 x 18 x 16 mm, 25 g |
Kentish Rag |
Rectangular enclosure , 30 x 33 m, in Trench 29 |
2853 |
3008 |
Fragment rotary quern, part of grinding surface with traces of pecking; 110 x 100 x 54 mm, 705 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, sandstone |
Part of trackway sequence, N Trench 29 |
2906 |
3007 |
Burnt fragment, now without working traces, but a quern or millstone material; 134 x 121 x 50 mm, 1.100 kg |
Millstone Grit |
Earliest of 4 wells in Trench 29 (2nd C), steps |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
622 |
371 |
Part of whetstone, slab type, also wide grove from use as point sharpener, probably re-used roofing tile; 70 x 57.5 x 37 mm, 220 g
|
Lower Old Red Sandstone? |
Layer of soil between trackway ditch sections, truncated Roman surface, Trench 13 |
622 |
372 |
Fragment with worked, slightly concave surface, possibly from quern; 102 x 46 x 55 mm, 235 g |
Medium-grained quartz sandstone with a few shell fragments and scattered mica; Jurassic sandstone? |
" " " " " " |
667 |
735 |
Fragment rotary quern, probably upper stone, disc type, pecked into shape round edge, grinding surface worn into rings; diam approx 360 mm, th at rim 53 mm, 1.370 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
Large boundary ditch on W of Trench 17, possibly cutting earlier ditch |
721 |
518 |
Quern fragment, smooth surface suggests re-use as whetstone; 84 x 67 x 29 mm, 160 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, pebbly sandstone |
Layer, disturbed fill in room 3 of B 8 |
721 |
1420 |
Fragment from rotary quern or possibly millstone, with flat area of grinding surface and part of pecked rim; 195 x 98 x 58 mm, 1.630 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
721 |
3239 |
Fragment, unworked, but probably intended for use; 15 g |
Chalk |
" " " " " " |
1201 |
2531 |
Part of whetstone, slightly burnt, rod type; 79 x 21 x 11 mm, 20 g |
Fine-grained shelly limestone |
Substantial N boundary of Trench 17, phase 5 |
1201 |
2532 |
Fragment whetstone; 38 x 29 x 16 mm, 25 g |
Kentish Rag |
" " " " " " |
1201 |
2568 |
Part of whetstone; 77 x 28 x 12 mm, 40 g |
Fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " " |
1216 |
1744 |
Whetstone (not seen) |
||
1249 |
2316 |
Fragment whetstone, rod type, rectangular cross-section; 41 x 20 x 12 mm, 20 g |
Fine-grained shelly limestone |
One of 25 intercutting pits in centre of Trench 17 enclosure, dating 3rd /4th C |
1249 |
2317 |
Fragment whetstone, 50 x 28.5 x 20 mm, 50 g |
Fine-grained, reddish brown, hard sandstone, probably ORS |
" " " " " " |
1318 |
2864 |
Small, polished pebble, could have been used as counter; diam 2.6 mm, th 12 mm, 7 g |
Flint (with blackened surface) |
Large pit/well (2 m Diam) to E of 667 |
2335 |
2018 |
Fragment from rotary quern or millstone, one flat, worked surface; 193 x 113 x 63 mm, 1.920 kg |
Millstone Grit |
Cobbled road surface in area of crossroads, Trench 13 |
2403 |
2943 |
Whetstone, re-used triangular fragment of roofing tile with one flat, smooth surface; 82 x 48.5 x 24 mm, 90 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone, Brownstones |
Part of a pit group within Trench 19 rectangular enclosure |
2447 |
2573 |
Fragment of mortar, weathered and burnt; diam c. 210 mm, max th 70 mm, 640 g |
Jurassic limestone, shelly & oolitic |
N S ditch running to south out of Trench 29 |
2448 |
2574 |
Part of crudely made mortar, hollowed area in unshaped cobble; 190 x 141 mm, max th 57 mm, 1.650 kg |
Coarse-grained, shelly Jurassic limestone, possibly a cobble from the gravels |
" " " " " " |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
0 |
842 |
Fragment rotary quern, fits 765, SF 595, listed below |
||
501 |
3554 |
Small weathered fragment, unworked but a quern/millstone material; 5g |
Niedermendig lava |
E 22, latest Roman enclosure ditch around villa site |
693 |
474 |
Fragment of roofing tile re-used as whetstone & point sharpener with 3 narrow grooves; 95.5 x 57 x 15 mm, 150 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Rubble spread in front of main Trench 13 buildings |
693 |
1624 |
Part of wide, shallow dish with flat rim; diam c. 360 mm, depth at rim 76.5 mm, 869 g |
Jurassic limestone, coarse-grained & shelly |
" " " " " " |
693 |
3237 |
2 fragments, unworked but probably intended for use; 10 g |
Chalk |
" " " " " " |
700 |
870 |
2 fitting segments from rotary quern, lower stone, fully pierced by narrow hole, grinding surface prepared by pecking, coarser pecking on underside and rim; diam c. 410 mm, max th 72 mm, 3.485 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Part of inner enclosure E 21 around phase 3 late Roman villa (B 8) |
700 |
906 |
Broken slab from possible paving stone re-used as point sharpener, with 1 narrow groove; 85 x 71 x 29 mm, 190 g |
Fine-grained, light coloured quartz sandstone, possibly Jurassic |
" " " " " " |
765 |
592 |
Segment from rotary quern, upper stone, grinding surface worn smooth round edge, rim pecked into shape, underside uneven; diam c. 340 mm, max th 50 mm, 2.250 kg
|
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
765 |
595 |
2 fitting segments from large rotary quern, disc type, grinding surface worn smooth. SF 595 fits unstratified fragment SF 842; diam c. 470 mm, max th 38 mm, together 2.230 kg |
White Limestone |
" " " " " " |
765 |
1601 |
Small fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 2 flat worn surfaces;37 x 35 x 12 mm 20 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
1909 |
1214 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone and point sharpener, with one worn surface and one wide groove; 88 x 79.5 x 27.5 mm, 280 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
B8, sunken feature in room 10 |
1989 |
1543 |
Fragment rotary quern or millstone, weathered; 122 x 83 x 65 mm, 915 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, pebbly sandstone |
Regular square pit in Trench 13 |
1989 |
3205 |
2 fitting fragments from rectangular shaped object; 58 x 43 x 23 mm, 25 g |
Chalk |
" " " " " " |
2102 |
1568 |
Triangular fragment used as whetstone and point sharpener, with 2 deep grooves and 1 smaller one; 65 x 41 x 40 mm, 95 g |
Quartz sandstone, slightly yellow, possibly a Jurassic sandstone? |
B8, robber trench of phase 4 wall |
2216 |
1744 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 3 worked surfaces; 77 x 68 x 34 mm, 225 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Finds reference |
2407 |
2571 |
Quern fragment (not seen) |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Northern part of ditch 2375 |
2444 |
2927 |
Fragment, probably from millstone, trace of slot for rynd fitting and possible slight hollow round central hole, worn grinding surface; 157 x 130 x 64 mm, 1.800 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Top silting layer in ditch 2445, contains rubble & late Roman pot |
2444 |
3060 |
Weathered fragment, possibly from well worn millstone with part of central hole; diam < 600 mm, diam of hole c. 100 mm, max th now 60 mm. 4.0 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Top silting in ditch 2445 containing rubble and late Roman pottery |
2444 |
3062 |
Weathered fragment from millstone, part of central hole; diam at least 730 mm, diam of hole c. 110 mm, th at rim c. 48 mm, th at centre 83 mm, 10.900 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " "
|
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
0 |
35 |
Triangular fragment of whetstone and point sharpener with 5 worn surfaces & 1 groove; 54 x 40 x 27 mm, 25 g |
Quartz sandstone, medium-grained, banded, possibly a Jurassic sandstone? |
General unstratified finds reference |
0 |
1421 |
Fragment from rotary quern or millstone, probably upper stone, with part of rim; 136 x 112 x 65 mm, 1.580 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
0 |
2018 |
Fragment with part of rim, probably from millstone; diam c. 730 mm, max th 65 mm, 1.385 kg |
Millstone Grit |
" " " " " " |
0 |
2287 |
Part of whetstone, rod type, weathered; 58.5 x 25 x 18 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag probably |
" " " " " " |
0 |
(5497) =5639 |
Segment from lower stone of rotary quern, not fully pierced, traces of rings on grinding surface and polish near rim, underside left rough; diam c. 400 mm, max th 80 mm, 3.0 kg |
Upper Old Red Sand stone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
0 |
(5498) =5640 |
Fragment of rotary quern, upper stone with part of rim; 122 x 73 x 48 mm, 480 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone pebbly sandstone |
" " " " " " |
0 |
(5499) =5641 |
Fragment from rotary quern, upper stone with traces of hollowed hopper, pecked on upper surface and round rim, grinding surface worn into rings; 136 x 127 x 51 mm, 1.230 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone pebbly sands tone |
" " " " " " |
0 |
(5500) =5642 |
Segment from rotary quern with part of rim; 122 x 105 x 45 mm, 780 g |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
503 |
3553 |
5 weathered fragments quern or millstone material; 330 g |
Niedermendig lava |
Finds reference for material from topsoil/plough furrows etc. in Trench 13 |
504 |
253 |
Fragment whetstone, rod type; 42 x 21.5 x 15 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag? |
Topsoil |
504 |
283 |
Disc with incomplete hole (not seen) |
" " |
|
504 |
286 |
Part of whetstone, well worn to an uneven triangular shape; probably re-used roofing tile; 86.5 x 43 x 26 mm, 125 g |
Lower Old Red sandstone Brownstones |
" " |
504 |
331 |
Small bead, elongated, complete; 10 x 5 mm, c. 1 g |
Fine-grained, red, banded stone, probably jasper |
" " |
504 |
199 |
Axe |
Group VI from Great Langdale, Cumbria |
" " |
555 |
381 |
Weathered and burnt fragment, possibly part of millstone; 183 x 98 x 91 mm, 2.0 kg |
Millstone Grit |
?posthole in Trench 13 |
802 |
699 |
Part of whetstone, re-used roofing tile with 3 worked surfaces; 83 x 35 x 15.5 mm, 65 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Finds reference |
1234 |
899 |
Near complete lower stone from rotary quern, fully pierced, pecked round rim, pecked grinding surface, underside unmodified; diam 345 mm, th at rim c. 24 mm, th in centre 66 mm, 8.250 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone, pebbly sandstone |
Finds reference for material trowelled off in Trench 17 |
1469 |
2959 |
Fragment from probable millstone, upper stone with large central hole, weathered; 183 x 117 x 64 mm, diam of hole c. 100 mm, 2.500 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Rubble layer overlying ditch 1409, 1368 |
2122 |
1623 |
Fragment from millstone, probably upper stone, weathered, worn thin, traces of pitting on upper surface; diam c. 750 mm, th now 39 mm, 1.980 kg |
Millstone Grit |
Stone spread to east of 1988 & B 8/9 |
2142 |
3560 |
4 weathered fragments quern or millstone material; 170 g
|
Niedermendig lava |
Finds reference for material recovered when Medieval wall removed |
2317 |
2575 |
Fragment probably from millstone, smooth grinding surface may be re-used; 146 x 131 x 56 mm, 1.840 kg |
Millstone Grit |
Alluvium layer |
2317 |
2576 |
Second fragment from probable millstone, smooth grinding surface may be re-used; 215 x 110 x 60 mm, 875 g |
Millstone Grit |
" " " |
2430 |
2748 |
Fragment whetstone, rod type; 61 x 21 x 14 mm, 20 g |
Kentish Rag |
Finds reference for material in West of Trench 19 |
2430 |
2755 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone, with 1 flat, worn surface, and as point sharpener, with parts of 8 narrow grooves; 156 x 83 x 22 mm, 400 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2757 |
Triangular fragment of roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 1 worn, flat surface; 122.5 x 96 x 19 mm, 225 g |
Lower Old Red Sand stone Brownstones, bleached |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2759 |
Fragment of roofing tile re-used as whetstone, with 1 worn, flat surface; 101 x 67 x 30 mm, 300 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2873 |
Fragment whetstone, rod type, rectangular cross-section; 47 x 25.5 x 20 mm, 40 g |
Kentish Rag |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2883 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 1 worn surface; 52 x 51 x 27 mm, 80 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2934 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 1 flat, worn surface, and also as point sharpener with trace of 1 groove; 118 x 105 x 20 mm, 310 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2942 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 2 worn surfaces, and also as point sharpener with 1 short groove; 63 x 61 x 16.5 mm, 80 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2957 |
Triangular fragment roofing tile or pavingstone re-used as whetstone with 1 flat, worked surface; 82.5 x 67 x 34 mm, 200 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2970 |
Part of whetstone made from pebble, 3 worked sides; 96 x 48 x 20 mm, 160 g |
Limonitic quartz sandstone, slightly micaceous, possibly a Jurassic sandstone? |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
2978 |
Weathered fragment, traces of pitted surface, probably from millstone; 157 x 117 x 99mm, 2.5 kg |
Millstone Grit |
" " " " " " |
2430 |
3115 |
Fragment rotary quern or more probably millstone; 101 x 77 x 50 mm, 370 g |
Millstone Grit |
" " " " " " |
2840 |
2981 |
Segment of rotary quern, probably upper stone, weathered, traces of rings on grinding surface, pecked rim; diam c. 400 mm, th at rim 50.5 mm, 1.710 kg |
Upper Old Red Sandstone quartz conglomerate |
Rubble spread, partly pitched in south of Trench 29 |
2840 |
2982 |
Fragment roofing tile re-used as whetstone with 1 flat worn surface and traces of groove from use as point sharpener; 93 x 66 x 23 mm, 140 g |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
" " " " " " |
2840 |
2984 |
Part upper stone of small millstone (not seen) |
Upper Old Red Sand stone quartz conglomerate |
" " " " " " |
2919 |
3009 |
Rim segment, probably from rotary quern, upper stone, raised rim and pitted upper surface, worn grinding surface; diam approx 400 mm, th at rim 65 mm, 835 g |
Millstone Grit |
Natural feature |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Context type |
687 |
423 |
Spindlewhorl, plano-convex |
Layer of cobbles, surface of Trench 13 phase 3 enclosure |
687 |
489 |
Fragment spindlewhorl |
" " " " " " " |
687 |
603 |
Complete spindlewhorl, biconical |
" " " " " " " |
687 |
660 |
Fragment bracelet, decorated |
" " " " " " " |
1200 |
946 |
Fragment bracelet, decorated |
" " " " " " " |
1294 |
5492 |
3 small fragments bracelet |
NE SW ditch in Trench 17 |
2409 |
2338 |
Small bead |
Inner gully forming enclosure |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Context type |
502 |
76 |
Fragment bracelet |
Late 3rd 4th century well with circular feature |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Context type |
504 |
166 |
Small fragment possible bracelet |
Topsoil |
1914 |
1187 |
Fragment ring |
Pit |
2334 |
3113 |
Fragment bracelet |
Area of silt overlying robbed road surface |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
596 |
3559 |
Slab, burnt, probably part of roofing tile |
Great Oolite, shelly limestone |
Part of fence line, Trench 13 |
620 |
395 |
Building stone sample, burnt |
Great Oolite, shelly and oolitic limestone, may be from Corinium quarries |
Boundary ditch defining southern part of trackway, Trench 13 |
687 |
1450 |
Small fragment, burnt, probably building stone |
From the Corinium quarries? |
Layer of cobbles, Trench 13 enclosure |
687 |
5849 |
Small fragment roofing tile with hole, burnt |
Great Oolite. medium-grained shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " |
701 |
5851 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
N S trackway ditch, Trench 13 |
766 |
- |
Stone sample |
Limestone with holes in it, possibly Dagham stone from the white Limestone |
Well by entrance to inner enclosure |
1200 |
3573 |
Fragment roofing tile |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
General spread of material cleaned up from Trench 17 |
1200 |
5839 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, limestone, shelly & oolitic/fine-grained & shelly |
" " " " " |
2161 |
3557 |
4 fragments |
Limonitic sandstone, micaceous, could be Jurassic sandstone from Kellaways Beds |
Boundary ditch, Trench 13 enclosure |
2267 |
- |
Slab with one straight edge, probably building stone, sample |
Fine-grained limestone |
N S gully. Trench 13 |
2267 |
5831 |
Near complete hexagonal roofing tile with hole; 356 x 257 x 34 mm, 3.0 kg |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " |
2715 |
3571 |
Building stone sample |
Great Oolite, oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
Small ditch, Trench 13 |
2818 |
- |
Fragment building stone, burnt |
Great Oolite, limestone, possibly from Corinium quarries |
E boundary ditch, Trench 29 |
2856 |
Fragment, burnt, possibly from roofing tile |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
713 |
471 |
Part of plain column shaft; diam 188 mm, H now 440 mm |
Oolitic limestone with some shell fragments, probably from the Corinium quarries |
Finds reference for pit group in centre of Trench 17 |
713 |
472 |
Lower part of column with moulded base; diam of column 200 mm, max diam 230 mm, H now 373 mm |
Oolitic limestone with some shell fragments, probably from the Corinium quarries |
" " " " " |
713 |
3576 |
Slab, burnt, building stone sample, possibly paving stone |
Great Oolite, fine-grained limestone |
" " " " " |
749 |
3565 |
Fragment architectural stone, weathered but may have been shaped |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
One of 25 intercutting pits in Trench 17 enclosure |
1318 |
2961 |
Part of column base with square socket cut in underside; 262 x 243 x 169 mm, 13.750 kg |
Oolitic& shelly limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
Large pit/well |
1555 |
5852 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
Gravel surface |
2107 |
2017 |
Shaped masonry (not seen) |
East wall of building 7 |
|
2107 |
2935 |
Shaped masonry (not seen) |
Oolitic limestone |
" " " " " |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
501 |
3572 |
Building stone sample |
Hard limonitic sandstone, probably Jurassic |
Latest Roman enclosure ditch around villa site |
693 |
5837 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
Rubble spread in front of main Trench 13 buildings |
693 |
5838 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " |
693 |
5841 |
Burnt fragment, probably roofing tile |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone with some larger shell fragments |
" " " " " |
693 |
5855 |
Part of roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, very coarse-grained shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " |
700 |
5843 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, coarse-grained shelly limestone with shelly matrix |
Part of inner enclosure around Phase 3 late Roman villa |
720 |
2928 |
Unevenly shaped slab with central cone-shaped sockets either side, probably column base; 272 x 223 x 77 mm, 7.0 kg |
Fairly fine-grained oolitic limestone with scattered shells, probably from Corinium quarries |
Late drain cut Room 2 & the W wall of building 8 |
720 |
2929 |
Slab architectural stone with chamfered edge |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
" " " " " " |
720 |
5835 |
Fragment roofing tile |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " " |
720 |
5846 |
Small fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, shelly limestone |
" " " " " " |
725 |
3563 |
Fragment possible paving stone with worn surface (or large whetstone) |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Disturbed floor layer within room 1 of building 8 |
1558 |
5840 |
Complete small hexagonal roofing tile; 310 x 217 x 28 mm, 2.250 kg |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone |
Floor surface/make up of room 4 in building 8 |
1766 |
5834 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone |
Part of inner enclosure around Phase 3 late Roman villa |
1909 |
3555 |
Fragment paving stone (or possibly a slightly used whetstone) |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Sunken feature in room 10 |
1916 |
3574 |
Fragment paving stone (or possibly a whetstone) |
Lower Old Red Sandstone Brownstones |
Rubble spread just north of building 8 |
1916 |
5832 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " " |
1916 |
5833 |
Part of roofing tile with hole, in 2 pieces |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
" " " " " " |
1969 |
5856 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole, slightly burnt |
Great Oolite, coarse-grained shelly limestone |
Sunken feature in room 10 |
1989 |
3564 |
Weathered fragments |
Oolitic limestone, possibly from Corinium quarries |
Regular square pit |
1989 |
3567 |
Small fragments, building stone sample |
Indurated clay from Oxford Clay or Kellaways Beds |
" " " " |
2024 |
3556 |
Building stone sample, 2 slabs |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone with some larger shell fragments |
Wall arc in N of shrine |
2075 |
5850 |
Small fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, medium-grained shelly limestone |
A dark, rectangular spread over 2 pits in room 2, building 9 |
2356 |
2014 |
3 fitting fragments from the base of a small column, square base, square socket cut in underside; 225 x 173 x 171 mm, 8.0 kg |
Oolitic & shelly limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
Probably phase 4 rubble layer |
2356 |
2015 |
Part of slender column, not freestanding, weathered, part of large block; column diam c. 90 mm, th now 134 mm, length 237 mm, 5.0 kg |
Shelly & oolitic limestone, weathered to a pale colour, rather coarse-grained, possibly from Corinium quarries |
" " " " " " |
2356 |
2016 |
Column (not seen) |
Oolitic & shelly limestone |
" " " " " " |
2475 |
3569 |
Slab, possibly building stone |
Fine-grained limonitic sandstone, probably Jurassic sandstone from the Kellaways Beds |
Phase 4 wall |
2608 |
2585 |
Shaped masonry (not seen) |
Forest Marble |
Large 3-sided enclosure |
2708 |
5853 |
Top part of roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
Drain, E W, running from building 8 |
2721 |
5842 |
3 fitting fragments complete hexagonal roofing tile; 343 x 220 x 32 mm, 2.375 kg |
Great Oolite, very coarse-grained shelly limestone with shelly & oolitic matrix |
Large sump with drain from building 8 leading into it |
2721 |
5854 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, coarse-grained shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " " |
2759 |
3570 |
Building stone sample, uneven slab, weathered |
Jurassic limestone, shelly |
Grave with evidence for stone lining |
2759 |
5836 |
Fragment roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, coarse-grained shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " " |
2759 |
5844 |
Part of roofing tile with hole |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone |
" " " " " " |
2829 |
3061 |
Shaped masonry, slab of stone with straight edges, also chamfered, underside uneven; 304 x 201 x 58 mm, 5.250 kg |
Great Oolite. shelly & oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
Ditch running N S |
Ctx |
SF |
Description |
Stone |
Context type |
+ |
- |
Block with one straight edge and part of second, traces of chisel marks, probably architectural stone; 232 x 187 x 114mm 6.100 kg |
Great Oolite, shelly and oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
FCP 84 |
0 |
5500 |
Fragment architectural stone with 2 shaped surfaces |
Great Oolite, shelly & oolitic limestone, probably from Corinium quarries |
- |
0 |
5848 |
Two fitting fragments roofing tile, one with nail in hole |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
General finds reference |
504 |
5845 |
Roofing tile (not traced) |
- |
Topsoil |
504 |
- |
Small fragment roofing tile, perhaps SF 5845? |
Topsoil |
|
797 |
2932 |
Shaped masonry (not seen) |
Aka E12 |
|
2317 |
3568 |
Small fragment probable roofing tile |
Great Oolite, fine-grained shelly limestone |
Alluvium layer |