File Name,Title,Description,"Creator (if more than one individual/organisation, add on a new row)",,,"Copyright holder (if more than one individual/organisation, add on a new row)",,,Period of Creation,,Language,Software used,Software version,Supporting documentation file name(s) (this should be enclosed separately) ,,,First Name,Last Name,Organisation,First Name,Last Name,Organisation,Start Date,End Date,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_alltables.xlsx,Combined axehead spreadsheet,"This is an exact copy of the ADS_earlyaxes_main.tsv, ADS_earlyaxes_radiocarbon.tsv, ADS_earlyaxes_elemental.tsv and ADS_earlyaxes_isotopic.tsv tables, but here provided in an alternative all-in-one format familiar to many users.",Andrew,Bevan,University College London,Andrew,Bevan,University College London,01/01/1913,01/02/2024,English,Microsoft Excel,16.82 MacOSX, Sheet Name,Sheet Description,Number of rows,,Field name (Please start a new cell for each row),"Field description (inc. units of measurements, description of codes, etc. used within each field).",,,,,,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_alltables-main,Main table of early axes with general information and where to find information about them etc,7992,,ArtefactID,"provides a unique numerical identifier for each axehead, and potentially also a primary key in case a user wishes to cross-compare among the four tables or to import each table into a relational database. ",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Flags," contains keywords that indicate interesting or problematic further features about the axehead such as the availability of associated radiocarbon, availability of elemental or isotopic compositonal analysis, attribution as a possible import, a possible fake, possible fresh casting, etc. ",,,,,,,,, ,,,,AssociationID, contains a numerical ID indicating co-occurrence in a hoard or other association.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Source,"lists the sources that were consulted for each axehead, with citation keys that can be looked up in the bibliographic file (ADS_earlyaxes_references.bib). This is however not an exhaustive list of all known mentions of the axehead.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,URL, provides a list of existing PAS webpage links and Flickr links to scanned BM-NBII catalogue cards. These links are for short-term convenience and are at risk of breaking over the medium term.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,CatalogueIDs, provides a list of existing PAS webpage links and Flickr links to scanned BM-NBII catalogue cards. These links are for short-term convenience and are at risk of breaking over the medium term.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,MusAcc,"describes the current ownership and location of the axehead where known, with museum accession numbers where available.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Object,"provides a simple classification into flat, flanged and palstave axes, as well as distinguish axeheads from axe-moulds.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Material,"provides a simple and rough classification into copper or copper alloy composition (where known), with further indications about suggested compositional groups if any.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Completeness,"provides a numerical estimate of the surviving completeness of axehead, with a value close to 0 being very fragmentary and a value close to 1 being a whole specimen.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,BasicType," provides a consistent, basic typological classification following Needham (i.e. Classes 1-5) for the flat and earliest flanged axes on the one hand, and Burgess and Schmidt (i.e. Groups I-IV, Transitional, Late) for subsequent flanged and palstave axes on the other. ",,,,,,,,, ,,,,PublishedTypes,provides a list of existing typological attributions for this axehead from the published literature.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,BasicFeatures,details some simple additional features of the axe such as the presence of a loop or decoration.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteIDs,provides concordance-style information across existing records referring to the same find or findspot. This information is similar to the concordance in CatalogueIDs but focuses on inventories such as sites-and-monuments registers rather than axe catalogues.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteName,provides a name of the locality where the axehead was found.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,DiscoveryYear,"provides the year when the axehead was found, if known, and if not then often some basic indication.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,DiscoveryMethod, describes the kind of activity that led to the discovery of the axehead.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AdminRegion, provides the unitary authority or similar county-scale information in which the axehead was found.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Country,"gives the ISO2 country code, almost always GB, for the country in which the axe was found.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Lon,"provides the Longitude coordinate (WGS84 datum) marking the findspot of the axehead. This coordinate has been degraded to +- 1km.Where there is a national grid reference provided in the NGR4 column, then the longitude is a conversion of that reference (for the centre of the NGR grid-square, not the bottom-left)",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Lat,"provides the Latitude coordinate (WGS84 datum) marking the findspot of the axehead. This coordinate has been degraded to +- 1km. Where there is a national grid reference provided in the NGR4 column, then the latitude is a conversion of that reference (for the centre of the NGR grid-square, not the bottom-left)",,,,,,,,, ,,,,NGR4,provides a four-figure UK National Grid Reference where an agreed reference for this axehead findspot is already out there in the published literature (new NGRs have not been provided).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,NGRMaxPrec,"indicates whether finer-resolution coordinate information about the findspot might be available (typically upon request to the PAS, National Museum Wales or National Museums Scotland or British Museum and after basic researcher checks). ",,,,,,,,, ,,,,MaxDim,"provides an estimate in millimetres of the maximum surviving dimension of the axehead (often but not always similar to the Length). Note that measurements taken from scaled photographs and measurements taken directly on the object by various researchers have been amalgamated, without accompanying indication of which.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Length,"provides an estimate in millimetres of the length of the axe from butt to blade. Very fragmentary axes will not have this estimate, but conversely no attempt has been made to offer a 'reconstructed' measurementwhere some minor loss is suspected. Note that measurements taken from scaled photographs and measurements taken directly on the object by various researchers have been amalgamated, without accompanying indication of which.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,BladeWidth,"provides an estimate in millimetres of the width of the cutting-edge of the axe. Very fragmentary axes will not have this estimate, but conversely no attempt has been made to offer a 'reconstructed' measurement where some minor loss is suspected. Note that measurements taken from scaled photographs and measurements taken directly on the object by various researchers have been amalgamated, without accompanying indication of which.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,ButtWidth,"provides an estimate in millimetres of the width of the butt of the axe. Very fragmentary axes will not have this estimate, but conversely no attempt has been made to offer a 'reconstructed' measurement where some minor loss is suspected. Note that measurements taken from scaled photographs and measurements taken directly on the object by various researchers have been amalgamated, without accompanying indication of which.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,MaxThick," provides an estimate in millimetres of the maximum thickness of the axe (i.e. looking in side-view at the axe profile). Very fragmentary axes will not have this estimate, but conversely no attempt has been made to offer a 'reconstructed' measurement where some minor loss is suspected. Note that measurements taken from scaled photographs and measurements taken directly on the object by various researchers have been amalgamated, without accompanying indication of which.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Weight,"provides an estimate in grammes of the weight of the axehead, where known, including for fragmentary axes. No attempt has been made to modify published values for losses or increases to weight relating to adhering soil or corrosion",,,,,,,,, ,,,,OtherDims,provides other dimensions from the published literature (primarily those from Needham 1983),,,,,,,,, ,,,,Comments,dds further information that might be relevant to this axehead.,,,,,,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_alltables-radiocarbon,Radiocarbon table related to early axes ,25,,DateID,provides a unique numerical identifier for each radiocarbon date.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ArtefactIDs,lists all ArtefactIDs for axeheads that were found in the same archaeological context (can be cross-referenced in the main table) ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AssociationID,see Main table,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Association,provides brief information on the nature of the archaeological context,,,,,,,,, ,,,,MetalAssemblage,provides brief information on the nature of the archaeological context,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Types,briefly lists the main metalwork types in the archaeological context.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,LabID,lists the main code given to the measured radiocarbon sample by the laboratory.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,OthLabID,provides any other lab code such as where the sample first went to one lab for treatment.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Flags,contains keywords that indicate interesting or problematic further features about the sample such as the risk of an old wood effect for gthe sample.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,CRA, provides the uncalibrated radiocarbon date or 'conventional radiocarbon age' after correction for delta C13,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Error,gives the estimated standard error of the uncalibrated radiocarbon date.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,DC13,gives a supplementary indication of the difference between the sample's carbon 13 and carbon 12 ratio and that found in an internationally agreed reference carbonate (sometimes written ?13C in publications).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,OthMeasures,"lists any other instrumental information such as the raw radiocarbon fraction (e.g. ""F14C:0.654"") or any other isotopic information measured for the sample (e.g. ""DN15:10.7"" )",,,,,,,,, ,,,,DateMethod,"clarifies whether the date was estimated via AMS or other more conventional methods (e.g. ""LSC"")",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Material,"describes the basic material of the dated sample (e.g. ""charcoal"", ""bone""), with further distinctions placed in brackets in a standardised way.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Species,"provides any genus or species-level information about the sample (e.g ""Quercus"", ""Homo sapiens"").",,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteID,provides concordance-style information across existing records referring to the same find or findspot. This information is similar to the concordance in CatalogueIDs but focuses on inventories such as sites-and-monuments registers rather than axe catalogues.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,OthSiteID,Other site ID names,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteName,provides a name of the locality from where the sample was taken.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteContext,gives further contextual information about the archaeological feature and deposit within a site from which the dated sample comes.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteType,describes the type of site (or artefact) from which the sample comes.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,CulturalPeriod,Peroid item from in time,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AdminRegion,Admin region,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Country,"gives the ISO2 country code, almost always GB, for the country in which the axe was found.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Longitude,"provides the Longitude coordinate (WGS84 datum) marking the findspot of the axehead. This coordinate has been degraded to +- 1km.Where there is a national grid reference provided in the NGR4 column, then the longitude is a conversion of that reference (for the centre of the NGR grid-square, not the bottom-left)",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Latitude,"provides the Latitude coordinate (WGS84 datum) marking the findspot of the axehead. This coordinate has been degraded to +- 1km. Where there is a national grid reference provided in the NGR4 column, then the latitude is a conversion of that reference (for the centre of the NGR grid-square, not the bottom-left)",,,,,,,,, ,,,,LocQual," Codes for the quality of the geographic coordinates in the radiocarbon table only, as follows: A -- coordinates within +-100m and often +-10m of where the sample was taken; B ? coordinates that are probably within +-1km the sampling location; C ? coordinates of uncertain quality.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Source,"lists the sources that were consulted for this radiocarbon sample, with citation keys that can be looked up in the bibliographic file (ADS_earlyaxes_references.bib).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Comments, adds further information that might be relevant to this radiocarbon sample.,,,,,,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_alltables-isotopi,Isotopic results axe heads,144,,IsoAID,provides a unique numerical identifier for each isotopic analysis.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ArtefactID,provides a unique numerical identifier for the axehead from which the sample was taken (can be cross-referenced in the main table) ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,OtherLabIDs,provides any other lab code relevant to the sample.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Laboratory,names the laboatory where the analysis was conducted,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisSource,"lists the sources that were consulted for this isotopic sample, with citation keys that can be looked up in the bibliographic file (earlyaxes_references.txt).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,d116Sn_120Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second above ratio estimate.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d116Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d117Sn_120Sn, provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d117Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d118Sn_120Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d118Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d119Sn_120Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d119Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d122Sn_120Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d122Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d124Sn_120Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d124Sn_120Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d124Sn_116Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d124Sn_116Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d122Sn_116Sn,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d122Sn_116Sn_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d117Sn_120Sn.1,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,d117Sn_120Sn_2SD.1,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb208_Pb206,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb208_Pb206_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb207_Pb206,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb207_Pb206_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb206_Pb204,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb206_Pb204_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb208_Pb204,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb208_Pb204_2D,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb207_Pb204,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb207_Pb204_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,dCU65_CU63,provides the ratio that results from dividing the first stated isotope measurement (e.g. the Sn-116 isotope) by the second,,,,,,,,, ,,,,dCU65_CU63_2SD,provides a 2 standard error confidence interval for the above ratio estimate,,,,,,,,, ,,,,IMPLI,provides the isotopic classification suggested by Rohl and Needham 1998 (where available),,,,,,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_alltables-element,,1317,,AnalysisID,provides a unique numerical identifier for each elemental compositional analysis.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ArtefactID,provides a unique numerical identifier for the axehead from which the sample was taken (can be cross-referenced in the main table) ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SiteName,provides a name of the locality from where the sample was taken.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,OtherIDs,provides any other reference code relevant to the sample.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Laboratory,names the laboratory where the analysis was conducted,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisYearApprox,provides the year or year range within which the analysis was conducted (where known).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Methods,describes the analytical method used to assess composition.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Equipment,provides specifics of the equipment used to assess composition (where known),,,,,,,,, ,,,,SampleType,describes the sample type and size used.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SamplePosition,describes the approximate location on the axehead where the sample was taken,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisPrecision,provides the stated analytical precision error(s) associated with the published compositional estimate (where known). ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SampleRemaining,provides any information of the existence of a residual sample for potential reanalysis (often an estimated range in mg).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisFlags,"contains keywords that indicate interesting or problematic further features about the sample, such as the existence of multiple measurements on the same sample.",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Hardness,"test results to estimate the hardness of a specific sample location on the axehead (i.e. its resistance to plastic deformation from a standardised source). The composite format (e.g. 172HV5) used here is hardness number (e.g. 172), hardness scale (e.g. HV for Vickers or HB for Brinell) and testing load used in kgf (e.g. 5).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,NorthoverMetalGroup,provides the compositional classification suggested by Northover 1980 (where available).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Mg,"provides an estimate of the weight % of magnesium in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Al,"provides an estimate of the weight % of silicon in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Si,"provides an estimate of the weight % of silicon in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,S,"provides an estimate of the weight % of sulphur in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Mn,"provides an estimate of the weight % of manganese in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Fe,"provides an estimate of the weight % of iron in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Co," provides an estimate of the weight % of cobalt in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Ni,"provides an estimate of the weight % of nickel in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Cu," provides an estimate of the weight % of copper in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Zn,"provides an estimate of the weight % of zinc in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,As,"provides an estimate of the weight % of arsenic in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Ag,"provides an estimate of the weight % of silver in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Cd,"provides an estimate of the weight % of cadmium in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,In,"provides an estimate of the weight % of indium in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Sn,"provides an estimate of the weight % of tin in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Sb,"provides an estimate of the weight % of antimony in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Te," provides an estimate of the weight % of tellurium in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,W,"provides an estimate of the weight % of tungsten in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Au,"provides an estimate of the weight % of tungsten in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Pb,"provides an estimate of the weight % of lead in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,Bi,"provides an estimate of the weight % of bismuth in the total metal composition of the sample (blanks imply probably not measured, whereas 'not measured is used when this is certain).",,,,,,,,, ,,,,TotalPercMeasured,provides the sum of the percentages of the measured elements.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,Metallography,offers a description of the microstructure of the metal alloy (based on microscopic study of a polished sample).,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisComments,adds further information that might be relevant to this compositional sample.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AnalysisSource,"lists the sources that were consulted for this compositional sample, with citation keys that can be looked up in the bibliographic file (ADS_earlyaxes_references.bib).",,,,,,,,, ADS_earlyaxes_references.csv,,,,CATEGORY,any article published in a periodical like a journal article or magazine article,,,,,,,,, ,,,,BIBTEXKEY,A book where the publisher is clearly identifiable,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ADDRESS,The address of the publisher,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ANNOTE,Annotations for the bibliography,,,,,,,,, ,,,,AUTHOR,Author of the work,,,,,,,,, ,,,,BOOKTITLE,Title of book,,,,,,,,, ,,,,CHAPTER,Chapter or section within larger work,,,,,,,,, ,,,,CROSSREF,Cross-referecning another BibTX entry ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,EDITION,Edition of the book or publication,,,,,,,,, ,,,,EDI TOR,Editor of book or collection,,,,,,,,, ,,,,HOWPUBLISHED,Method or medium of publication,,,,,,,,, ,,,,INSTITUTION,Insitution responsible for work,,,,,,,,, ,,,,JOURNAL,Academic journal in published,,,,,,,,, ,,,,KEY,?BibTeX key is a unique identifier for a reference in a BibTeX file.,,,,,,,,, ,,,,MONTH,Month of the publication ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,NOTE,additional notes tto reference,,,,,,,,, ,,,,NUMBER,"Number of a journal,magazine,tech report or other publicaiton",,,,,,,,, ,,,,ORGANIZ ATION,org responsible for publishing a manual,,,,,,,,, ,,,,PAGES,page rnage,,,,,,,,, ,,,,PUBLISHER,entity responsible for hosting or publishing,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SCHOOL,academic institution where presented,,,,,,,,, ,,,,SERIES,series of books or journals ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,TITLE,main title of referenced work,,,,,,,,, ,,,,TYPE,type of technical report or thesis,,,,,,,,, ,,,,VOLUME,volume of book or journal,,,,,,,,, ,,,,YEAR,year of publication,,,,,,,,, ,,,,DATE.ADDED,Date added,,,,,,,,, ,,,,DATE.MODIFIED,Date modified,,,,,,,,, ,,,,URL,publication url,,,,,,,,, ,,,,BDSK.URL.1,Bibdesk url,,,,,,,,, ,,,, LASTCHECKED,Last checked record,,,,,,,,, ,,,,DOI,digital object identifier unique code,,,,,,,,, ,,,,EPRINT,Electronic print identifier,,,,,,,,,