Arnold, A., Howard, R. E. and Litton, C. D. (2004). Tree-Ring Analysis of Timbers from Carlisle Castle, Carlisle, Cumbria. Fort Cumberland: Historic England. https://doi.org/10.5284/1033961. Cite this using datacite

Title
Title
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Title:		 Tree-Ring Analysis of Timbers from Carlisle Castle, Carlisle, Cumbria
Series
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Series:		 Historic England Research Reports
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englishh2-105703.pdf (20 MB) : Download
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DOI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1033961
Publication Type
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Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
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Abstract:		 Analysis of 45 samples from Carlisle Castle produced two site chronologies. The first, representing 33 timbers, has 479 rings spanning AD 968 - AD 1446. The second contains two samples, with 124 rings spanning AD 900 - AD 1023. Interpretation of the sapwood indicates the earliest material, from the Keep, was probably not felled before c AD 1038; it is possibly reused from the Norman fortification of AD 1092. Other material here has a felling date in the range AD 1135 to AD 1160, possibly relating to construction by King David I of Scotland. The majority of timbers in the roofs of de Ireby's Tower appear likely to have been felled in AD 1380, though possibly a few are felled later and may relate to alterations.
Author
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Author:		 Alison Arnold ORCID icon
R E Howard
C D Litton
Publisher
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Publisher:		 Historic England
Other Person/Org
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Other Person/Org:		 Historic England (OASIS Reviewer)
Cumbria HER (OASIS Reviewer)
Year of Publication
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Year of Publication:		 2004
Locations
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Locations:
Site: Carlisle Castle
Parish: CARLISLE
District: Carlisle
County: Cumbria
Country: England
Location - Auto Detected: Carlisle Castle
Location - Auto Detected: Carlisle Castle Carlisle Cumbria
Grid Reference: 339747, 556221 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
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Subjects / Periods:
UNCERTAIN (Historic England Periods) N/A (Find)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) CASTLE (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) KEEP (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) TOWER (Monument Type England)
Norman (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 968 Ad 1446 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 1380 (Auto Detected Temporal)
BUILDING SURVEY (Event)
Ad 1038 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 900 Ad 1023 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 1135 To Ad 1160 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Identifiers
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OASIS Id: englishh2-105703
OBIB: 25/2004
Note
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Note:		 A4 heat-bound report (ISSN 1749-8775)
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OASIS (OASIS)
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Created Date
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Created Date:		 28 Nov 2016