Whelan, J. and Orellana, J. (2016). Land at Woodrow Road, Melksham, Wiltshire. Evaluation Report. Cirencester: Cotswold Archaeology. https://doi.org/10.5284/1044575. Cite this using datacite Cite this using datacite

Title
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Title:		 Land at Woodrow Road, Melksham, Wiltshire. Evaluation Report
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Series:		 Cotswold Archaeology unpublished report series
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cotswold2-282698_1.pdf (13 MB) : Download
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DOI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1044575
https://doi.org/10.5284/1044998
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Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
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Abstract:		 An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in October and November 2016 on land at Woodrow Road, Melksham, Wiltshire. A total of twenty five trenches was excavated. The evaluation identified archaeological remains dating to the prehistoric, Roman, medieval and post-medieval periods. Evidence for prehistoric activity within the vicinity of the site was limited to two unstratified sherds of pottery. Roman ditches, gullies and pits may indicate an area of possible mid to late 1st to 2nd-century settlement activity focused in the north-eastern part of the site, along with contemporary agricultural activity extending to the west. A palaeoenvironmental sample taken from a feature of Roman date suggests dumped domestic settlement waste in an environment characterised by arable farmland. Furthermore, an undated cremation is likely to also date to the Roman period, indicating funerary activity associated with the settlement. Medieval ditches, gullies and pits are believed to be associated with a previously recorded deserted medieval settlement in the eastern part of the site. A substantial artefactual assemblage dating to the 12th to 14th centuries was recovered from these features. The arrangement of many of the ditches and gullies identified during the evaluation corresponds to recorded cropmarks believed to indicate the boundaries of medieval 'crofts' and their associated fields 'tofts' to the rear of the dwellings. Settlement along Woodrow Road is first recorded in documentary sources from the 13th century. Settlement waste compatible with a medieval date and indicative of rear of plot domestic activity, was recovered from palaeoenvironmental samples retrieved from the site. Furthermore, evidence for medieval ridge and furrow cultivation was also identified across the site. This suggests the arable cultivation of the land to the west of the settlement at Woodrow in the medieval period.
Author
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Author:		 J Whelan
John Orellana
Publisher
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Publisher:		 Cotswold Archaeology
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Other Person/Org:		 Historic England (OASIS Reviewer)
Wiltshire and Swindon HER (OASIS Reviewer)
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Year of Publication:		 2016
Locations
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Locations:
Site: Land at Woodrow Road
County: Wiltshire
District: Wiltshire
Parish: MELKSHAM WITHOUT
Country: England
Grid Reference: 391100, 165250 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
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Subjects / Periods:
LATER PREHISTORIC (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) DESERTED SETTLEMENT (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) FARMSTEAD (Monument Type England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) PIT (Monument Type England)
TRIAL TRENCH (Event)
Identifiers
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OASIS Id: cotswold2-282698
OBIB: 16572
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Created Date
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Created Date:		 06 Nov 2017