Cipin, I. (2014). The Middle Drawbridge, Tower of London: An Archaeological Watching Brief. Brockley: Pre-Construct Archaeology Limited. https://doi.org/10.5284/1033355. Cite this using datacite

Title
Title
The title of the publication or report
Title:		 The Middle Drawbridge, Tower of London: An Archaeological Watching Brief
Series
Series
The series the publication or report is included in
Series:		 Pre-Construct Archaeology Ltd (London) unpublished report series
Downloads
Downloads
Any files associated with the publication or report that can be downloaded from the ADS
Downloads:
preconst1-173672_1.pdf (5 MB) : Download
Licence Type
Licence Type
ADS, CC-BY 4.0 or CC-BY 4.0 NC.
Licence Type:
ADS Terms of Use and Access icon
ADS Terms of Use and Access
DOI
DOI
The DOI (digital object identifier) for the publication or report.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1033355
Publication Type
Publication Type
The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book
Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
Abstract
The abstract describing the content of the publication or report
Abstract:		 The work comprised the monitoring of the excavation of two test pits to the east of the Middle Drawbridge, a foundation trench under the Middle Drawbridge and a series of duct trenches across the gate within the Outer Wall at the north of the Middle Drawbridge. It follows from a previous investigation by PCA in advance of the project in 2012. Six archaeological phases were identified. The first, dating to the early post-medieval period, relates to a cobbled surface and associated bedding layer which may relate to the early post-medieval development of the Tower between the Outer and Inner Walls around the Wakefield and Lanthorn Towers. Phase 2 was represented by demolition and make-up layers which could be the result of clearance of the post-medieval development and landscaping of this area in the 19th century. Phase 3, early 19th century in date, was associated with natural sedimentation and the dumping of material into the moat, prior of the construction of the first bridge in 1834. That phase of construction, Phase 4, was evidenced by a brick footing for the first bridge. Phase 5 may be attributable to the draining of the moat in 1843 and its subsequent landscaping, whilst Phase 6 relates to later usage of the area further to its continued resurfacing and landscaping in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Natural deposits were not encountered in any intervention.
Author
Author
The authors of this publication or report
Author:		 I Cipin
Publisher
Publisher
The publisher of the publication or report
Publisher:		 Pre-Construct Archaeology Limited
Other Person/Org
Other Person/Org
Other people or organisations for this publication or report
Other Person/Org:		 Greater London HER (OASIS Reviewer)
Historic England (OASIS Reviewer)
Year of Publication
Year of Publication
The year the book, article or report was published
Year of Publication:		 2014
Locations
Locations
Any locations covered by the publication or report. This is not the place the book or report was published.
Locations:
District: Tower Hamlets
County: Greater London
Parish: TOWER HAMLETS
Site: Tower of London, Middle Drawbridge
Country: England
Grid Reference: 533570, 180480 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
Subjects / Periods
Subjects / Periods associated with this record.
Subjects / Periods:
POST MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods)
COBBLED SURFACE (Monus)
CERAMIC (Object England)
SHERD (Object England)
CTP (Find)
FOUNDATION (Monus)
Identifiers
Identifiers
Identifiers associated with the publication. These might include DOIs, site codes, Monument Identifiers etc.
Identifiers:
OASIS Id: preconst1-173672
OBIB: PCA R11704
Note
Note
Extra information on the publication or report.
Note:		 A4 client document with blue covers
Source
Source
Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in.
Source:
Source icon
OASIS (OASIS)
Relations
Relations
Other resources which are relevant to this publication or report
Relations:
Created Date
Created Date
The date the record of the pubication was first entered
Created Date:		 01 Feb 2018