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Holocene 13 (4)
Title
The title of the publication or report
Title:
Holocene 13 (4)
Series
The series the publication or report is included in
Series:
The Holocene
Volume
Volume number and part
Volume:
13 (4)
Publication Type
The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book
Publication Type:
Journal
Editor
The editor of the publication or report
Editor:
John A Matthews
Publisher
The publisher of the publication or report
Publisher:
Sage Publications
Year of Publication
The year the book, article or report was published
Year of Publication:
2003
Source
Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in.
Source:
BIAB (The British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB))
Relations
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Relations:
URI:
http://hol.sagepub.com/content/vol13/issue4/
Created Date
The date the record of the pubication was first entered
Created Date:
01 Aug 2007
Please click on an Article link to go to the Article Details.
Article Title
Access Type
Author / Editor
Page
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Abstract
Size parameters, size-class distribution and area-number relationship of microscopic charcoal: relevance for fire reconstruction
Willy Tinner
Feng Sheng Hu
499 - 505
Charcoal analysis was conducted on sediment cores from three lakes to assess the relationship between the area and number of charcoal particles. Three charcoal-size parameters (maximum breadth, maximum length and area) were measured on sediment samples representing various vegetation types, including shrub tundra, boreal forest and temperate forest. These parameters and charcoal size-class distributions do not differ statistically between two sites where the same preparation technique (glycerine pollen slides) was used, but they differ for the same core when different techniques were applied. Results suggest that differences in charcoal size and size-class distribution are mainly caused by different preparation techniques and are not related to vegetation-type variation. At all three sites, the area and number concentrations of charcoal particles are highly correlated in standard pollen slides; 82--83% of the variability of the charcoal-area concentration can be explained by the particle-number concentration. Comparisons between predicted and measured area concentrations show that regression equations linking charcoal number and area concentrations can be used across sites as long as the same pollen-preparation technique is used. Thus it is concluded that it is unnecessary to measure charcoal areas in standard pollen slides.
Human impact on the Irish landscape during the late Holocene inferred from palynological studies at three peatland sites
Edwina E Cole
Fraser J G Mitchell
507 - 515
Pollen data covering the last 1200 years from a transect of three peatland sites across Ireland are reported. The data reveal reductions in woodland and increased anthropogenic activity over time. A decline in Corylus-type pollen at around AD 1750 was a dramatic and concurrent event at all three sites which coincided with more intensive land use. Multivariate data analysis reveals that prior to the Corylus-type decline distinct regional differences occurred between the sites, but that after it this regional variation was lost. It is concluded that more intense land use led to greater regional uniformity. Rising human population coincides with evidence for intense land use in the pollen data. The failure of the potato crop and the Great Famine of 1845 led to a population crash, but this had limited impact on the landscape. The imprint of human activity on the landscape over the last 1200 years appears to have overwhelmed any impacts that could be attributed solely to climatic change associated with the `Medieval Warm Period', the `Little Ice Age' or late-twentieth-century warming.