1116316. Cite this using datacite

Title:

Guildford Pipeline, Pewley to Netley Mill, Surrey, Detailed Gradiometer Survey

Series:

Wessex Archaeology unpublished report series

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Biblio Note

This report was uploaded to the OASIS system by the named Publisher. The report has not been reviewed by the relevant HER. The report has been transferred into the ADS Library for public access and to facilitate future research.

Licence Type:

ADS Terms of Use and Access

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5284/1116316

Publication Type:

Report (in Series)

Abstract:

The cart-based gradiometer system used a Carlson RTK GNSS instrument, which receives corrections from a network of reference stations operated by the OS. Such instruments allow positions to be determined with a precision of 0.02 m in real-time and therefore exceeds European Archaeologiae Consilium recommendations (Schmidt et al. 2015). The detailed gradiometer survey was undertaken using four Bartington Grad-01-1000L gradiometers spaced at 1 m intervals and mounted on a non-magnetic cart. Data were collected with an effective sensitivity of 0.03 nT at a rate of 10 Hz, producing intervals of 0.15 m along transects spaced 4 m apart. The detailed gradiometer survey has not identified any anomalies that can confidently be interpreted as archaeology. There are however anomalies of possible archaeological origin and several features related to the historical use of the site for agriculture. The majority of the anomalies identified are most likely to be representative of medieval to post-medieval land management and cultivation, and reflect the continuing rural nature of the site as recorded in historical mapping OS and parish tithe mapping No anomalies have been identified from the early medieval, prehistoric or Romano-British periods, however for several anomalies no confident origin has been able to be determined from the geophysical data alone. In addition to these, anomalies interpreted as natural and modern have been identified. Ditch features in the north-west of the site likely relate to either boundaries created for a proposed early 20th century housing scheme that was never built, or infrastructure relating to the use of a postmedieval quarry immediately beyond the site boundary. Various other ditch-like anomalies were detected across the site. Some of the linear anomalies are likely to be former, unmapped field boundaries or related to previous cultivation. One linear anomaly however may relate to an old trackway or ditch forming part of a previous field system. It is within the same field and on the same orientation (although not the same location) as a ‘supposed Pilgrims Way’ marked on historical OS mapping and may be associated with this pathway, such as an older or alternative route. Several curvilinear anomalies are more uncertain in origin, however one forms a circular shape and could reflect an enclosure or ring ditch. Several other features that indicate the historical use of the landscape were identified, pertaining to mapped field boundaries, paths, and trackways. Variations in the underlying deposits have been detected across the site, with a clear difference in the magnetic background between the chalk to the north, and the bands of mudstone, sandstone, and siltstone that the majority of the site contains. The remaining identified features were agricultural and likely modern in origin including drains, ploughing trends, and magnetic disturbance.

Author:

Lydia Jones

Publisher:

Wessex Archaeology

Year of Publication:

2023

Locations:

District:	Guildford
Country:	England
Parish:	Guildford, unparished area
County:	Surrey

Grid Reference: 500560, 149016 (Easting, Northing)

Subjects / Periods:

MAGNETOMETRY SURVEY (Event)

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY (Event)

Identifiers:

OASIS Id:

wessexar1-514389

Source:

OASIS (OASIS)

Relations:

Created Date:

18 Dec 2023