Derbyshire Archaeological Journal

Derbyshire Archaeological Society, 2016. (updated 2021) https://doi.org/10.5284/1038992. How to cite using this DOI

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Derbyshire Archaeological Society (2021) Derbyshire Archaeological Journal [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1038992

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Digital Object Identifiers

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are persistent identifiers which can be used to consistently and accurately reference digital objects and/or content. The DOIs provide a way for the ADS resources to be cited in a similar fashion to traditional scholarly materials. More information on DOIs at the ADS can be found on our help page.

Citing this DOI

The updated Crossref DOI Display guidelines recommend that DOIs should be displayed in the following format:

https://doi.org/10.5284/1038992
Sample Citation for this DOI

Derbyshire Archaeological Society (2021) Derbyshire Archaeological Journal [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1038992

Derbyshire Archaeological Journal (2015), Volume 135.


Table of Contents

Contents
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Excavation and Landscape Survey of a Ploughed-Out Prehistoric Burial Mound at Stanlow, In The Peak District
Ashmore, P. & Wilson, A. (pp. 001-040)
Abstract

Abstract

Excavation and Landscape Survey of a Ploughed-Out Prehistoric Burial Mound at Stanlow, In The Peak District
Ashmore, P. & Wilson, A. (pp. 001-040)

In recent years, relatively few prehistoric burial sites have been excavated in the Peak District where it has been possible to apply modern archaeological techniques. Stanlow, although the site of a ploughed-out barrow, offered a rare opportunity to gain a greater understanding of social groups acting across the Peak District during prehistory. The site had been ascribed to the Bronze Age; however, of the 781 artefacts recorded, a small number offered diagnostic possibilities suggesting multi-period activity from the Early Neolithic and into the Bronze Age. A number of disarticulated human remains were found and during the final phase of excavation, a single inhumation in an earth-cut grave was discovered. Selected samples from this and the disarticulated remains were submitted for radiocarbon dating. Dates for the disarticulated remains were obtained ranging from the Late Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age, and dates from the Anglian period were obtained for the single inhumation.

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Excavation at a Suspected Roman Villa at Heage, Derbyshire 2011-2013
Palfreyman, A. & Ebbins, S. (pp. 041-081)
Abstract

Abstract

Excavation at a Suspected Roman Villa at Heage, Derbyshire 2011-2013
Palfreyman, A. & Ebbins, S. (pp. 041-081)

Excavation work began in 2010 after the discovery of a 3rd century AD coin hoard by metal detectorist David Beard. An interim report on Trench 1 was published (Palfreyman and Ebbins 2012) and then further small-scale excavation was agreed with the farmer. The purpose was to find the extent of the main wall in Trench 1 and to determine the type of structure to which it belonged. It was necessary to ascertain if the hoard, and other finds from 2010-11, lay inside the room of a building and if there were earlier phases, Keith Foster’s 2011 resistance survey having indicated further buildings. It was also hoped to confirm the overall dating of this area from the pottery assemblage and other finds. This work also addresses the lack of information on settlement types in the area to the south of the Pennines, highlighted by Taylor, noting building and pottery traditions, as well as trading patterns. Settlement in the Amber Valley is of particular interest to the writers in relation to their study of Roman industry in the middle Derwent area.

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Discovery and Survey of World War I Practice Trenches, Burbage, Derbyshire
Barnatt, J. (pp. 082-098)
Abstract

Abstract

Discovery and Survey of World War I Practice Trenches, Burbage, Derbyshire
Barnatt, J. (pp. 082-098)

In 2014 distinctive earthworks were identified above Burbage near Buxton and in early 2015 a detailed survey was made. What has emerged is a site that rivals the only other extensive World War I practice trenches in the Peak District, the Scheduled remains at Redmires, above Sheffield. It is believed the Burbage trenches were dug by the Royal Engineers, who were stationed in Buxton from 1915. The main site, at Burbage Edge, has extensive if low earthworks on the coarse grassland behind the scarp, with further remains nearby on private farmland. In contrast, a single trench just over a mile away on moorland on Watford Moor is much more obvious. These ‘fire trenches’ were designed as front-line infantry positions. There are also ‘communication trenches ’ approaching the defensive earthworks from behind. Other recognisable features include machine-gun or lookout posts in front of the trenches.

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Peter Nightingale, Richard Arkwright and The Derwent Valley Cotton Mills, 1771-1818: A Rejoinder
Buxton, D. Charlton, C. & Hool, D, (pp. 099-113)
Abstract

Abstract

Peter Nightingale, Richard Arkwright and The Derwent Valley Cotton Mills, 1771-1818: A Rejoinder
Buxton, D. Charlton, C. & Hool, D, (pp. 099-113)

In 1958 R.S. Fitton suggested that Richard Arkwright, having purchased the Cromford estate from William and Mary Milnes, sold it to Peter Nightingale to raise money for building the second Cromford mill. In his later book Fitton attempted to take the story further by citing a letter from Edward Saxelby to William Strutt in July 1776 in which he reports that Richard Arkwright had parted with his purchase. This led Fitton to speculate that the estate had been purchased but sold back to the Milnes to raise money for mill building. He identified no part for Peter Nightingale until he sold the estate to Arkwright in 1789. It was in 2000, with the publication of the nomination document for the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site, that a brief but more accurate account of PeterNightingale’s contribution was published. Now he was recognised as having taken over Richard Arkwright’s planned purchase of the Cromford manor, so becoming Arkwright’s landlord, and to have advanced at least £3,750 for the construction of the second mill and for housing. But it was not until 2013 that a more detailed account was published of the transactions which brought Nightingale and Arkwright together as landlord and tenant, financier and entrepreneur. At about the same time Stanley Chapman published his own account of this hitherto elusive partnership. We share with Prof. Chapman a concern to see Peter Nightingale afforded his rightful place as a major player in the development of Richard Arkwright’s factory village. However, although both the recently published accounts are based on the same sources, there are significant differences in interpretation between the two. What follows is a review and analysis of these disparities which identifies in Chapman’s text a number of factual errors of sufficient importance to affect his conclusions.

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Peter Nightingale, Richard Arkwright and The Derwent Valley Cotton Mills, 1771-1818: A Reply
Chapman, S. D. (pp. 114-116)
Abstract

Abstract

Peter Nightingale, Richard Arkwright and The Derwent Valley Cotton Mills, 1771-1818: A Reply
Chapman, S. D. (pp. 114-116)

In a short response it is impossible to deal adequately with the deluge of detail, in both the text of their Rejoinder and the appendix, with which Mrs Buxton, Mr Charlton and Mr Hool seek to overwhelm me. If a number of minor errors and peripheral imperfections have crept into my work, they have not affected the substance or conclusion of the article. I can only consider a few topics in their commentary that they appear to be particularly concerned about, and are largely set out in the main text.

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Derbyshire Clergy on the Spot: The 1801 Crop Returns
Dalton, R. (pp. 117-123)
Abstract

Abstract

Derbyshire Clergy on the Spot: The 1801 Crop Returns
Dalton, R. (pp. 117-123)

The year 1801 saw the first census of population when, in March, incumbent clergy or alternatively the overseers of the poor or schoolmasters, were tasked with recording the number of males and females in each parish or township as well as those engaged in trade, agriculture or manufacturing. In September of the same the year the government devolved to the diocesan bishops the further task of obtaining from parish clergy a record of the acreages of crops within their parish grown and harvested in the current season. Printed forms were provided listing eight crops: wheat, barley, oats, potatoes, peas, beans, turnips and rye, but no information was sought about temporary or permanent grassland. The resultant crop statistics plus accompanying written comment of many clergy are known as the 1801 Crop Returns. The Crop Returns arose from the government’s need to be better informed about the extent of cultivated land in Britain and hence the likely amounts of home-grown bread grains available to feed the nation.

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Joan Sinar (1925-2015)
Riden, P. (pp. 124-128)
Abstract

Abstract

Joan Sinar (1925-2015)
Riden, P. (pp. 124-128)

The death of Joan Sinar (in later years Mrs John Ferguson), a few months short of her ninetieth birthday, marks the passing of one of the last of the founders of modem local authority record keeping. Joan’s achievement in establishing from scratch two county record offices, and playing an important part in the creation of a third, makes her an important figure in the recent history of the profession. At the same time, longstanding members of the Derbyshire Archaeological Society will remember Joan chiefly as the first county archivist at Matlock, as the editor for a number of years of both this Journal and Derbyshire Miscellany, and as a great supporter of all aspects of local history in the county.

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Index
- (pp. )
PDF 984 Kb

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