Yeloff, D., Geel, van, B., Broekens, P., Bakker, J. and Mauquoy, D. (2007). Mid- to late-Holocene vegetation and land-use history in the Hadrian's Wall region of northern England:. Holocene 17 (4). Vol 17(4), pp. 527-538.

Title
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Title:		 Mid- to late-Holocene vegetation and land-use history in the Hadrian's Wall region of northern England:
Subtitle
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Subtitle:		 the record from Butterburn Flow
Issue
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Issue:		 Holocene 17 (4)
Series
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Series:		 The Holocene
Volume
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Volume:		 17 (4)
Page Start/End
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Page Start/End:		 527 - 538
Biblio Note
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Publication Type
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Publication Type:		 Journal
Abstract
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Abstract:		 Pollen analyses of a peat profile collected from Butterburn Flow, northern England have been used to reconstruct vegetation and land-use change from the late Neolithic (c. 3230 cal. BC) to the present day. `Wiggle-matching' of 42 AMS 14C dates has enabled a precise (decadal scale) chronology to be established, and the results are interpreted within the context of previous studies of vegetation change in the area. Three Late Neolithic--Bronze Age woodland clearance phases occurred, with the first beginning c. 2290 cal. BC. Cleared areas were utilized for pastoral and limited arable agriculture. Late Iron Age clearance and agricultural intensification began at Butterburn Flow c. 300 cal. BC; the peak period of clearance c. 90 cal. BC--AD 50 cal. was comparable in intensity with that in the fourteenth century AD. Farmland in the area was abandoned during the period c. AD 90--450 cal., contemporaneous with the Roman occupation of the region; following Roman withdrawal, a resurgence of agriculture occurred. The timing of later periods of agricultural decline relate to climatic deterioration, political instability and disease in the region.
Author
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Author:		 Dan Yeloff
Bas Geel, van
Peter Broekens
Johan Bakker
Dimitri Mauquoy
Year of Publication
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Year of Publication:		 2007
Locations
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Subjects / Periods:
C 2290 Cal Bc (Auto Detected Temporal)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods)
C 300 Cal Bc (Auto Detected Temporal)
LATE IRON AGE (Historic England Periods)
LATE NEOLITHIC (Historic England Periods)
Fourteenth Century Ad Farmland (Auto Detected Temporal)
LATE NEOLITHIC (Historic England Periods)
Ad 90450 (Auto Detected Temporal)
BRONZE AGE (Historic England Periods)
Source
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Source:
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BIAB (The British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB))
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URI: http://hol.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/17/4/527
Created Date
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Created Date:		 20 Aug 2008