Wheeler, J. (2011). Charcoal analysis of industrial fuelwood from medieval and early modern iron-working sites in Bilsdale and Rievaulx, North Yorkshire, UK. Environmental Archaeology. Vol 16(1), pp. 16-35.
 Title The title of the publication or report |
Charcoal analysis of industrial fuelwood from medieval and early modern iron-working sites in Bilsdale and Rievaulx, North Yorkshire, UK | ||||||||||||||
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Subtitle The sub title of the publication or report |
evidence for species selection and woodland management | ||||||||||||||
Issue The name of the volume or issue |
Environmental Archaeology | ||||||||||||||
Series The series the publication or report is included in |
Circaea | ||||||||||||||
Volume Volume number and part |
16 (1) | ||||||||||||||
Page Start/End The start and end page numbers. |
16 - 35 | ||||||||||||||
Biblio Note This is a Bibliographic record only. |
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Publication Type The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book |
Journal | ||||||||||||||
Abstract The abstract describing the content of the publication or report |
This paper presents the results of species diversity and dendrological analyses of archaeological charcoal excavated from medieval and early modern iron production sites in Bilsdale, and at Rievaulx in the neighbouring valley of Ryedale, North Yorkshire, UK. Standard methods of quantification are used to assess species diversity, sampling sufficiency and taxa presence. The assessment of dendrological features provides additional evidence for growth trends and cutting cycles analogous with cyclical woodland management, as well as environmental and growing conditions. Analysis of archaeological charcoal from four medieval bloomery furnace sites in Bilsdale, and from the site of the hammersmithy and blast furnace at the early modern iron works at Rievaulx, provide comparable data-sets which indicate a change in cutting practise and dominant species selection for industrial fuelwood occurred between the 12th- and mid-16th centuries AD. Results show that dominant species presence changed from an admixture of predominantly birch (Betula sp.) and hazel (Corylus avellana) sourced from small calibre branchwood and stemwood used in the medieval bloomery furnaces, to a dominant oak (Quercus sp.) presence from standard sources used at the Rievaulx iron works by the mid-16th century. Whilst it is uncertain whether this change in dominant species composition and the source of industrial fuelwood is related to changes in local availability, or the result of the technological transition to blast furnace processing which occurred at this time, estate records reveal a woodland management campaign was instigated to supply and maintain fuelwood supplies to the iron works at Rievaulx which coincides with the introduction of Tudor arboricultural legislation in the 1540s. | ||||||||||||||
Year of Publication The year the book, article or report was published |
2011 | ||||||||||||||
ISBN International Standard Book Number |
1461-4103 | ||||||||||||||
Locations Any locations covered by the publication or report. This is not the place the book or report was published. |
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Source Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in. |
BIAB
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Relations Other resources which are relevant to this publication or report |
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Created Date The date the record of the pubication was first entered |
14 Aug 2012 |
