Sieveking, G. d G., ed. (1976). Problems in economic and social archaeology.

Concludes that morphology, technology and function should continue to be studied, not yet having realized their full potential.

Views of the Adventus Saxonum have changed and solutions to long-standing problems of the settlement of Wessex are beginning to emerge. The late Roman military equipment shows that self-defence was possible; pottery evidence suggests unbroken settlement, though of varying intensity, from RB to AS times; the thirty pagan AS cemeteries now known in Wessex partly fill a gap which worried previous workers, and place-names now give positive evidence for early settlement. The administrative arrangements of RB Winchester and Silchester had long-lasting influence, and in general it may have been the newcomers who were most changed, and therefore most difficult to trace, through the process of settlement.

Considers the environment of the high-altitude fields and hut settlements and the possible strategies of their users. Between the lower and higher parts of the range 800-1600ft above sea level are differences of typology, terrain and cultivation difficulties. At the lower altitudes are well-organized extensive field systems of RB date; at the higher, the remains are undated and more fragmentary, though many are placed so as to modify the effects of altitude. Agriculture was probably a principal agent in the uncovering of exposed pavements. Au(adp)

To banish the word 'Belgic' would help banish confusion; a system of La Tène III type-site names is preferable. Most Aylesford Culture burials belong to a Lexden phase characterized by imported Gallo-Belgic wares (Phase 2 at Welwyn). The very few burials which predate this are identified and allotted to a Welwyn phase, whose main type-fossil, a brooch with bow-boss, raises the total from four to fourteen burials. Date: second half of 1st century BC, with Italian rather than Gaulish links. The Lexden phase is then first half of 1st century AD. Cremation, dating no earlier than Caesar, must be dissociated from the arrival of Gallo-Belgic coins at the end of 2nd century BC.

Draws a distinction between the public works of defence - the fortified burhs, the re-used hillforts etc - and the private works such as towers, palisades and donjon-like church towers. These appeared from the end of the 9th century as temporary defences were proved useless against Viking attack. On current theories Trelleborg was essentially a town, parallel with those of the Burghal Hidage, but failing to develop thereafter.

Of the tools required for cultivation, spades are so far missing from the evidence though wooden shovels are attested. Mattocks and hoes are mostly confined to the Aegean; sickles in several varieties are common, and some billhooks are known. In NW Europe the missing hoe could be replaced by the axe, hafted adze-wise; if not so used their sheer numbers are puzzling, and their frequent association with sickles in hoards suggests use for cultivation.