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The Holocene
Title
The title of the publication or report
Title:
The Holocene
Subtitle
The sub title of the publication or report
Subtitle:
A Major Interdisciplinary Journal Focusing on Recent Environmental Change
Series
The series the publication or report is included in
Series:
The Holocene
Volume
Volume number and part
Volume:
5 (1)
Publication Type
The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book
Publication Type:
Journal
Year of Publication
The year the book, article or report was published
Year of Publication:
1995
Source
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Source:
BIAB (biab_online)
Relations
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Relations:
URI:
http://hol.sagepub.com/content/5/1.toc
Created Date
The date the record of the pubication was first entered
Created Date:
20 Sep 2012
Please click on an Article link to go to the Article Details.
Article Title
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Abstract
Holocene evolution of a lowland Scottish landscape; Kirkpatrick Fleming. Part I, peat- and pollen-stra...
Richard Tipping
69 - 81
This series of papers addresses the principal natural and anthropogenic environmental changes that have transformed a typical lowland Scottish landscape during the Holocene. Sediment- and pollen- stratigraphic techniques, together with radiocarbon dating, are applied in this paper to the stratigraphy of a raised bog at Burnfoothill Moss, eastern Dumfriesshire, to deduce changes in groundwater levels within the bog, and by inference, changes in effective precipitation. The basin, initially a shallow pond, was rapidly colonized by fen peat at 9600 BP, possibly during a phase of drier climate, which ended at c. 8700 BP. Short-lived fluctuations in bog-surface wetness are identified before a major change to a wetter bog surface at around 7700 cal. BP, representing the transformation from fen peat to raised moss. Anthropogenic interference with surrounding woodland is believed to have destabilized the water balance within the peat. Drier bog-surface conditions occur at c. 6700 cal. BP, and a shift to a wetter climate at around 5250 cal. BP, but a perhaps more substantial wet shift is recorded at c. 4000 cal. BP. At c. 1900 cal. BP a dry climate shift is recognized, ending at c. 1200 cal. BP. Slightly prior to the 'Little Ice Age', represented by a very wet phase before c. 400 cal. BP, is a dry period between c. 600 and 400 cal. BP.
Holocene evolution of a lowland Scottish landscape; Kirkpatrick Fleming. Part II, regional vegetation ...
Richard Tipping
83 - 96
In this second of three papers on the environmental changes that have affected a lowland Scottish landscape during the Holocene, pollen and microscopic charcoal counts, supported by radiocarbon dates, form the basis for interpreting vegetation changes that characterized 'dryland' soils around the raised bog of Burnfoothill Moss, on the Solway Firth. The migration of Corylus, and later of Quercus and Ulmus, appear to have been later than at nearby sites, but radiocarbon dates for these events are thought to be in error through lowered rates of peat accumulation. Establishment of Alnus coincided with anthropogenic woodland disturbance at around 7800 cal. BP, and supports arguments that imply disturbance prior to Alnus colonization. Two Ulmus declines are recorded. The first at c. 4830 cal. BP appears to have been exceedingly abrupt, and specific to elm, without evidence for anthropogenic interference. The second occurred some 250 years later, and is associated with agricultural activity. A phase of partial abandonment is recorded in the late Neolithic. The first major clearance is dated to the very latest prehistoric or to the earliest Romano-British period, and a subsequent resurgence of agricultural activity at c. 1350 cal. BP led to a fully utilized landscape by 1000 cal. BP.
Holocene book reviews; The origin of modern humans: Roger Lewin. New York...
Danny McCarroll
127