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Internat J Osteoarchaeol 16 (1)
Title
The title of the publication or report
Title:
Internat J Osteoarchaeol 16 (1)
Series
The series the publication or report is included in
Series:
International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
Volume
Volume number and part
Volume:
16 (1)
Publication Type
The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book
Publication Type:
Journal
Editor
The editor of the publication or report
Editor:
G J R Maat
Shelley Saunders
Terry P O'Connor
Publisher
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Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Year of Publication
The year the book, article or report was published
Year of Publication:
2006
Source
Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in.
Source:
BIAB (The British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB))
Relations
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Relations:
URI:
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jissue/112314858
Created Date
The date the record of the pubication was first entered
Created Date:
04 May 2007
Please click on an Article link to go to the Article Details.
Article Title
Access Type
Author / Editor
Page
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Abstract
Palaeo-otology of cholesteatoma
Simon Mays
Mads Kähler Holst
1 - 15
A cholesteatoma is a collection of dead epithelial cells in the ear which becomes infected with low-grade pathogenic microorganisms. The lesion tends to cause resorption of the surrounding bone, which potentially permits its recognition in skeletal remains. Cholesteatoma may occur in the middle or the outer ear. Using two examples of cholesteatoma in skeletal remains from British archaeological sites, the differential diagnosis of cholesteatoma from other aural diseases is demonstrated. Some of the differences in bony lesions caused by middle ear and external ear canal cholesteatoma which may enable the two to be distinguished in palaeopathological specimens are discussed. Attention is drawn towards the importance of making this distinction in ancient skeletal remains; middle ear and external ear canal cholesteatoma have a different array of causes and very different impacts upon health status.
Age of closure of the foramen of Huschke: an osteological study
Louise Humphrey
L Scheuer
47 - 60
The foramen of Huschke is a dehiscence in the antero-inferior surface of the tympanic plate, which forms during the normal post-natal development of the temporal bone. Closure of the foramen is generally reported to take place by five years of age, although a persistent foramen has been observed in 0--67% of adult crania depending on the population. A persistent foramen of Huschke in adult life may be involved in abnormalities of the external auditory canal and related structures, which can lead to otological complications. The paper examines age-related changes in the development of the tympanic plate from the perinatal to the adult condition using two osteological samples from Britain, and is the first systematic evaluation beyond the age of six years. The results suggest that the widely cited chronology for the closure of the foramen of Huschke is erroneous. Earlier stages of formation may be used for narrowing age estimation in fragmentary remains of juveniles in a skeletal collection of unknown age or in a forensic or clinical context.
Rib fractures in the archaeological record: a useful source of sociocultural information?
Megan B Brickley
61 - 75
The study investigates rib fractures in 352 adults from St. Martin's churchyard, Birmingham, from burials mainly dated to between 1750 and 1850. The crude prevalence of rib fractures was found to be 15.6% and the true prevalence rate 2.3%. The majority of the fractures occurred in males, and those buried in vaults were less likely to have a fracture than individuals from earth-cut graves. In eleven individuals the fractures were healing at the time of death, and in these cases death was probably related to one of the complications that are frequently linked to fractured ribs. Certain types of accidents may have been linked to these more serious fractures, as 70% occurred in the same anatomical area. Other rib fractures were associated with pathological conditions, such as osteomalacia and osteoporosis. Overall, the study of the rib fractures in this collection provided valuable information that aided interpretation of the lifeways of individuals investigated. It is argued that where preservation permits, studies of fractures in archaeological bone should include ribs.
A test of the revised Frost's rapid manual method for the preparation of bone thin sections
Patrick Beauchesne
S Saunders
82 - 87
A publication by Maat et al (2001) introduces a modification of Frost's earlier rapid manual method for ground bone thin section preparations, which uses surface embedding with cyanoacrylate for sample protection. This revised method is said to provide a quick, inexpensive system for producing thin sections from archaeological specimens with a finished quality equivalent to more involved and equipment-intensive methods. The authors' study conducted a test comparing Maat et al's method with the standard technique that uses vacuum embedding media. A number of samples were tested, including modern bone samples from the dissecting room as well as archaeological samples in differing states of preservation. The results were highly favourable for a large majority of the specimens. For both modern and archaeological bone, Maat et al's revised method produced images of equivalent quality to samples prepared using embedding media. However, poor preservation of the specimens is still an issue, and only relatively dense, intact specimens hold up to the physical demands of the manual grinding procedure. The paper also adds a number of refinements to Maat et al's methodology.