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Internat J Osteoarchaeol 17 (1)
Title
The title of the publication or report
Title:
Internat J Osteoarchaeol 17 (1)
Series
The series the publication or report is included in
Series:
International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
Volume
Volume number and part
Volume:
17 (1)
Publication Type
The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book
Publication Type:
Journal
Editor
The editor of the publication or report
Editor:
G J R Maat
Shelley Saunders
Terry P O'Connor
Publisher
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Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Year of Publication
The year the book, article or report was published
Year of Publication:
2007
Source
Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in.
Source:
BIAB (The British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB))
Relations
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Relations:
URI:
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jissue/114082352
Created Date
The date the record of the pubication was first entered
Created Date:
04 May 2007
Please click on an Article link to go to the Article Details.
Article Title
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Page
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Abstract
Skeletal evidence for hyperparathyroidism in a 19th century child with rickets
Simon Mays
Megan B Brickley
R Ives
73 - 81
The skeletal remains of a child aged 2.5--3.5 years, recovered during archaeological excavations at the churchyard of St Martin's Church, Birmingham, UK, were examined using gross observation, radiography and scanning electron microscopy. Lesions suggestive of the presence of rickets and of secondary hyperparathyroidism were found. This appears to be a first report of secondary hyperparathyroidism in response to rickets in a palaeopathological specimen. The potential of microscopic examination of bone for interpreting disease processes is emphasised.
Histological study of compact bone tissue in some mammals: a method for species determination
M Martiniaková
B Grosskopf
R Omelka
Kim Dammers
M Vondráková
M Bauerová
82 - 90
The purpose of this investigation was to study compact bone tissue microstructure of some mammals in terms of qualitative and quantitative characteristics, with an emphasis on finding an adequate identification key. Altogether, thirty-six femora of adult pigs, cows, sheep and rabbits were analysed. The qualitative characteristics were examined according to the classification systems of Enlow & Brown (1956) and Ricqlès et al (1991) in anterior, posterior, medial and lateral views of thin sections. The quantitative characteristics were assessed using the specific software Scion Image. The authors measured area, perimeter, and minimum and maximum diameter of the Haversian canals, the secondary osteons and the vascular canals of primary osteons. The observed data were first used to evaluate inter- and intra-species diversity. After that a discriminant function analysis was used for species determination. According to the results the basic structural pattern of the bone tissue was primary vascular plexiform in pigs, cows and sheep. The authors found dense Haversian bone tissue in all species. In addition, non-vascular bone tissue was identified in cows and/or primary vascular longitudinal tissue in rabbits. Many resorption lacunae were found between secondary osteons in pigs. The irregular Haversian bone tissue was localised at the periosteal and endosteal borders in sheep. Classification functions for all investigated species gave a correct classification in 73.83% of cases. The most discriminating variables for the compact bone tissue appeared to be perimeter and minimum diameter of primary osteon's vascular canals. The percentage value can be increased by integrating conclusions from the qualitative analysis.
Well preserved non-collagenous extracellular matrix proteins in ancient human bone and teeth
T H Schmidt-Schultz
M Schultz
91 - 99
Ancient bones in a good preservation state, ascertained by microscopic techniques, conserve extracellular matrix proteins over thousands of years. With new techniques, intact extracellular matrix proteins from ancient bones and teeth are extracted and separated by one-dimensional and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteins were identified in Western blots by special antibodies against different human extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules of bone. The authors confirmed different types of ECM human bone molecules such as osteonectin, osteopontin, and alkaline phosphatase with specific antibodies in human bone samples from different age groups. Additionally, they selected bone samples from different cultural time periods, such as the Middle Ages, the Bronze Age and the Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic Phase (PPNB), and teeth from individuals from the Early Middle Ages and from the Late PPNB. It is suggested that the survival of intact extracellular matrix proteins in ancient bones and teeth dating from recent times to the Late PPNB, and reliable techniques to identify these proteins, present a great challenge to further research. A Match Set with PD-Quest 7.2 shows that only 16% of protein spots in the teeth are also found in the bone of the same individual. It is argued that, in combination with the results of macro- and microscopic investigation, biochemical techniques will help in obtaining a better understanding of bone and teeth in health and disease.
A case for Sherlock Holmes: forensic investigation of a gunshot wound to the h...
J Bailey
Piers D Mitchell
100 - 104
Investigation of a fatal gunshot wound that occurred in Victorian England. Records dating from 1900 show that it was regarded as suicide by officials of the time. Forensic, palaeopathological, and historical techniques are applied in order to determine whether the manner of death was suicide, murder, or accident. Comparison of the projectile trajectory with modern forensic series suggests that this case is statistically more likely to have been a murder than a suicide. This raises the possibility that a killer successfully staged events to appear as if a suicide had taken place. A summary is given of the important points to consider when interpreting gunshot trauma to the head in skeletal remains.