Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society 76 (series 2)

[SD 5190]. Excavations on the E defences and vicus gave the following provisional history: c AD 90+, timber fort with turf ramparts and double ditches (any Agricolan fort must have lain elsewhere); soon after, civilian strip-houses were built on one or more approach roads. Civil occupation continued through 2nd century, but the fort may have been abandoned for part of the Hadrianic period. It was rebuilt in stone in late Hadrianic/early Antonine times and its rampart was strengthened. Another gap was followed by a short occupation in late 3rd/early 4th century, but the general lack of 4th-century material must cast doubt on the identification of this as the Alione of the Notitia. Exploration proceeds; reports on pottery, coins and small finds are included. Au(adp)