Mitchell, S. (2014). Land between Canongate, Holyrood Road and St John Street, City of Edinburgh. Archaeological Excavation. CFA Archaeology Ltd. https://doi.org/10.5284/1043902. Cite this using datacite

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Title:		 Land between Canongate, Holyrood Road and St John Street, City of Edinburgh. Archaeological Excavation
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Series:		 CFA Archaeology Ltd unpublished report series
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cfaarcha1-213355_1.pdf (12 MB) : Download
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DOI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1043902
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Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
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Abstract:		 An archaeological excavation and watching brief undertaken on the site of the new Edinburgh University development on the north side of Holyrood Road, Edinburgh. Trial trenching evaluations identified that deep archaeological deposits survived at the southern end of the site along the Holyrood Road frontage. These consisted of the remains 19th century brewery structures overlying deep garden soil deposits, which in turn overlay medieval remains. The excavation identified: 1) In the 19th Century the Burgage Plots along the rear of the High Street / Canongate were heavily developed with Industrial buildings, mostly breweries and the excavations uncovered remains of both the Edinburgh and Leith Brewery and the St Mary's Brewery. 2) Below the brewery deep deposits of organic rich garden soil containing large quantities of finds such a pottery, clay pipe and animal bone and quantities of ash and coal were identified. These organic rich garden soils rich in artefacts are probably best explained as being the result of manuring with night soil and domestic rubbish. Map evidence suggests that the area was largely given over to horticulture certainly from the 17th Century onwards and the excavations prior to the Scottish Parliament construction suggest this "gardening" in the burgage plots could go back to the 16th Century. 3) Prior to this, evidence that the burgage plots were certainly in use sometime from around the 12th century and were probably being divided up with north-south aligned boundaries from an early date. The early use of the plots in this part of the Canongate seems to have been industrial, with a concentration on tanning. It is possible that other activities were taking place further to the north in these plots but the location of our work at the southern end would have been ideal for industrial processes such as tanning.
Author
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Author:		 S Mitchell
Publisher
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Publisher:		 CFA Archaeology Ltd
Other Person/Org
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Other Person/Org:		 Historic Environment Scotland (OASIS Reviewer)
City of Edinburgh Archaeology Service (OASIS Reviewer)
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Year of Publication:		 2014
Locations
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Locations:
Site: Land between Canongate, Holyrood Road and St John Street
County: Edinburgh
Parish: EDINBURGH
Country: Scotland
Grid Reference: 326316, 673566 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
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Subjects / Periods:
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) ANIMAL REMAINS (Object England)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) ANIMAL REMAINS (Object England)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) BURNT ANIMAL BONE (Find)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) CERAMIC (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) CLAY PIPE (Find)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) CLAY PIPE (Find)
PERIOD UNKNOWN (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) COIN (Object England)
PERIOD UNKNOWN (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) COPPER ALLOY (Find)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) DRESS PIN (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) FIRED CLAY (Find)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) FIRED CLAY (Find)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) LEATHER OFFCUTS (Find)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) SHERD (Object England)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) SHERD (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) WORKED BONE HANDLE (Find)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) BARREL-LINED PIT (Monus)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) BREWING AND MALTING SITE (Monus)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) BURGAGE PLOT (Monus)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) DITCH (Monument Type Scotland)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) DITCH (Monument Type Scotland)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) GARDEN WALL (Monus)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) MIDDEN (Monus)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) PIT (Monument Type Scotland)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) PIT (Monument Type Scotland)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) TANNING PIT (Monus)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) WALL (Monument Type Scotland)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) WALL (Monument Type Scotland)
MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) WELL (Monus)
POST MEDIEVAL (ScAPA : Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages) WELL (Monus)
Identifiers
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Identifiers:
OASIS Id: cfaarcha1-213355
OBIB: Report No. 3164
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Created Date
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Created Date:		 25 Sep 2017