Ennis, T. (2019). Archaeological Excavation:Phase 5, Channels, Little Waltham, Essex. Archaeology South-East. https://doi.org/10.5284/1057859. Cite this using datacite

Title
Title
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Title:		 Archaeological Excavation:Phase 5, Channels, Little Waltham, Essex
Series
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Series:		 Archaeology South East unpublished report series
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Downloads:
archaeol6-347334_1.pdf (6 MB) : Download
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DOI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1057859
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Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
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Abstract:		 The recovery of a small quantity of residual worked flint of provides evidence of a limited presence in the landscape during the earlier prehistoric period. More permanent land use is represented by a small number of gullies and pits dated to the Early to Middle Iron Age. In the Late Iron Age a partially open sided rectangular enclosure and an L-shaped boundary ditch were constructed for agricultural purposes. The presence of a quarry pit suggests clay extraction was also taking place. Intensity of land use increases in the Early Roman period with three phases of development identified. Phase 3.1 consists of two separate trackways, in Phase 3.2 a new, largely north/south aligned, field system is imposed and in Phase 3.3, a wider more open field system takes shape. A number of pits, hollows and cobble surfaces may date to this later phase. In the medieval period a new NNW/SSE aligned field system is created. The landscape is divided into two open areas by a large ditch, perhaps forming part of a boundary zone with a number of associated features. To the north are a number of parallel gullies may be associated with agricultural or drainage activity and in the south a gap in the boundary ditch is blocked by a series of staggered ditches perhaps used for stock control along with a nearby U-shaped enclosure. Two large quarry pits suggest clay or gravel extraction was also taking place. A new field system is created in the post-medieval period.
Author
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Author:		 T Ennis
Publisher
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Publisher:		 Archaeology South-East
Other Person/Org
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Other Person/Org:		 Historic England (OASIS Reviewer)
Essex County Council Historic Environment (OASIS Reviewer)
Year of Publication
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Year of Publication:		 2019
Locations
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Locations:
Site: Phase 5, Channels
County: Essex
District: Chelmsford
Parish: LITTLE WALTHAM
Country: England
Grid Reference: 572500, 211000 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
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Subjects / Periods:
LATE IRON AGE (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
MIDDLE IRON AGE (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) SHERD (Object England)
LATE IRON AGE (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
POST MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) DITCH (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) PIT (Monument Type England)
ROMAN (Historic England Periods) PIT (Monument Type England)
EXCAVATION (Event)
Identifiers
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Identifiers:
OASIS Id: archaeol6-347334
OBIB: Report No. 2019098
Note
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Note:		 Bound A4 report comprising 138 pages including illustrations.
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Created Date
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Created Date:		 13 Jan 2020