Pooley, L. and Furniss, H. (2022). A Romano-British farmstead: Archaeological excavation on land to the west of Panfield Lane, Braintree, Essex, CM7 5NR: September-November 2021. Colchester Archaeological Trust. https://doi.org/10.5284/1109964. Cite this using datacite

Title The title of the publication or report Title:	A Romano-British farmstead: Archaeological excavation on land to the west of Panfield Lane, Braintree, Essex, CM7 5NR: September-November 2021
Series The series the publication or report is included in Series:	Colchester Archaeological Trust online report series
Downloads Any files associated with the publication or report that can be downloaded from the ADS Downloads:	colchest3-427764_190592.pdf (4 MB) : Download
Licence Type ADS, CC-BY 4.0 or CC-BY 4.0 NC. Licence Type:	ADS Terms of Use and Access
DOI The DOI (digital object identifier) for the publication or report. DOI	https://doi.org/10.5284/1109964
Publication Type The type of publication - report, monograph, journal article or chapter from a book Publication Type:	Report (in Series)
Abstract The abstract describing the content of the publication or report Abstract:	Open area excavation carried out as per the Brief and WSI. An archaeological excavation was carried out within the Phase 1 development area on land to the west of Panfield Lane, Braintree, Essex in advance of the construction of a large residential development. The excavation was focussed on an area of the development site previously identified during an archaeological evaluation as containing a cluster of early Roman features consisting of four ditches and three pits. Excavation revealed ditches dating from the Late Iron Age/early Roman period through to the mid/late 2nd century, possibly continuing into the early 3rd century. Laid out on a north-east/south-west by north-west/south-east alignment, the ditches probably formed an enclosure with a trackway/droveway on the southern edge of the site. There were at least five large quarry pits with other smaller pits scattered across the site, some of which were possibly tree-throws. There were no structural remains, and fragments of brick/tile and fired clay/daub were rare, but finds evidence would suggest the presence of a farmstead within the enclosure. The pottery assemblage was fairly sizeable, dominated by locally-produced domestic bowls, beakers and jars, but including some imports. Animal bone had not survived well, but included the main domestic species of cattle, sheep/goat, horse, pig and dog, with some oyster shell recovered too. A complete lower quernstone and fragments of at least two other querns show that grain was being ground into flour. Other finds included two coins, an early Roman brooch and a snake-headed bracelet.
Author The authors of this publication or report Author:	Laura Pooley Harvey Furniss
Publisher The publisher of the publication or report Publisher:	Colchester Archaeological Trust
Year of Publication The year the book, article or report was published Year of Publication:	2022
Locations Any locations covered by the publication or report. This is not the place the book or report was published. Locations:	County: Essex Country: England Parish: Braintree, unparished area District: Braintree Grid Reference: 575078, 224200 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods Subjects / Periods associated with this record. Subjects / Periods:	ROMAN GRAVEL PIT (Tag) ROMAN ROTARY QUERN (Tag) GRAVEL PIT (Monument Type England) EXCAVATION (Event) ROMAN RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE (Tag) ROMAN BOW BROOCH (Tag) ROMAN BRACELET (Tag) BRACELET (Object England) RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE (Monument Type England) BOW BROOCH (Object England) ROTARY QUERN (Object England) ROMAN VESSEL (Tag) VESSEL (Object England) ROMAN (Historic England Periods)
Identifiers Identifiers associated with the publication. These might include DOIs, site codes, Monument Identifiers etc. Identifiers:	OASIS Id: colchest3-427764 Report id: CAT Report 1745
Source Where the record has come from or which dataset it was orginally included in. Source:	OASIS (OASIS)
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Created Date The date the record of the pubication was first entered Created Date:	11 Jul 2023

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