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Series: Lincoln Archaeological Studies
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A corpus of Anglo-Saxon and medieval pottery from Lincoln
Jane Young (Ed.)
Lincoln was the centre for a large Medieval pottery industry, which flourished from the ninth to the fifteenth century. Despite the presence of this local industry, pottery produced in the surrounding areas such as Torksey, Stamford, Potterhanworth, Toynton and Bolingbroke accounted for a large share of the pottery used within the city of Lincoln itself. This volume reports on the Anglo-Saxon and Medieval pottery found during various archaeological excavations in the city from 1970 until 1987. The authors present a city-wide pottery classification system and analyse the sequence of pottery types through time and at numerous sites. They make extensive use of petrological analysis, including the study of over 600 thin-sections. These have been used to characterise the local clay and temper sources exploited by Lincoln potters and to identify wares made in the vicinity of the city, those made elsewhere in the county of Lincolnshire, and to identify regional and foreign imports. The volume is arranged by pottery types, illustrated by typical and unusual examples and accompanied by descriptions of their visual appearance, petrological characteristics, source, forms, decoration and dating evidence. The work forms a companion volume to those on Wigford and the Brayford Pool (LAS 2), The Upper City and Adjacent Suburbs (LAS 3), and The Lower Walled City (LAS 4).
2002
Pre-Viking Lindsey
A collection of papers arising from a conference held in 1990. In `Approaches to the study of Lincoln and Lindsey before the Vikings' (1--5) Alan Vince introduces the questions and evidence tackled in ensuing papers. Simon Esmonde Cleary's `Late Roman towns in Britain and their fate' (6--13) considers the functions of the towns and asks what happened to them when the Roman system broke down. Michael J Jones then looks at `The latter days of Roman Lincoln' (14--28), considering the historical background and physical remains of private and commercial life in the town, which seems to have been occupied after AD~450 by a possibly political, small and powerful group. Kevin Leahy picks up the thread in `The Anglo-Saxon settlement of Lindsey' (29--44), the main evidence for which comes from the forty-three known pagan cemeteries. Appendix A lists `Early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries in Lindsey and the surrounding area' and Appendix B is a `Handlist of late Roman “early Germanic” metalwork in Lincolnshire'. The fifteen `Late Celtic hanging-bowls in Lincolnshire and South Humberside' are fully described and illustrated by Rupert Bruce-Mitford (45--70). Kate Steane & Alan Vince then examine `Post-Roman Lincoln: archaeological evidence for activity in Lincoln from the 5th to the 9th centuries' (71--9), to elucidate the extent to which the period's structures -- buildings, defences, gates, highways -- influenced subsequent physical and functional use of the site. `Coin finds and coin circulation in Lindsey, c 600--900' is Mark Blackburn's subject (80--90), with finds listed in an appendix. Paul Everson's discussion of `Pre-Viking settlement in Lindsey' (91--100) concentrates on the earlier, largely pre-Christian, part of the period. David Stocker follows with `The early church in Lincolnshire: a study of the sites and their significance' (101--22). He examines individual sites and looks at models of early ecclesiastical provision, concluding that the region was dominated by a group of enclosed and regulated monasteries. In `The episcopal churches of Lindsey in the early 9th century' Richard Gem (123--7) suggests that the bishops of Lindsey ruled over two churches and examines the possible origins of these. Sarah Foot looks at historical references to `The kingdom of Lindsey' (128--40) and Barbara Yorke (141--50) draws together the evidence for the existence of Lindsey as an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the concluding paper, `Lindsey: the lost kingdom found?'.
1993
The archaeology of the upper city and adjacent suburbs
Kate Steane (Ed.)
The volume contains reports on sites excavated in the upper walled city at Lincoln and adjacent suburbs between 1972 and 1987. The project included large-scale excavations which yielded some remarkable finds and revealed considerable information about several periods of the city's history. Each site is described in turn, incorporating stratigraphic artefactual and environmental information, and the common threads are brought together in a general discussion. The excavators found remains of the defences of the Roman fortress, Roman houses and the legionary headquarters. There were traces of occupation in the Early--Middle Saxon periods, but although there was renewed activity from the tenth century, full urbanization of the upper city may not have happened until the late-eleventh century. There were already several churches before the Cathedral was begun in 1072, and the sequence of that at St Paul in the Bail is set out in detail. Several smaller excavations provided evidence for industrial activities such as malting, quarrying and bell casting. Structural and artefactual evidence for the post-medieval period also give a flavour of the local life-style in the sixteenth--eighteenth centuries.
2002
The archaeology of Wigford and the Brayford Pool
Alan G Vince (Ed.)
Michael J Jones (Ed.)
Volume describing the results of almost twenty years of excavations in the below hill area of the City of Lincoln. The sites excavated between 1972 and 1987 included several on the banks of the Brayford Pool and the River Witham, as well as others fronting the High Street in what was an important Roman and medieval suburb. The area contains the earliest evidence for occupation of the settlement, dating to a century or so before the Roman arrival. During the Roman legionary period (c. AD50--80) there was associated occupation close to the river, and a burial ground further south, close to the junction of Ermine Street and the Fosse Way. The street frontage was further developed as a commercial zone in the second century, with traders' houses extending for several hundred metres to the south of the river-crossing. The waterfront was consolidated and saw some reclamation. There is little evidence as yet for occupation of the suburb between c. AD 400 and c. AD 900, but the suburb of Wigford was established by the early tenth century, and several parishes were in being well before the Norman Conquest. Remains of domestic, ecclesiastical and commercial structures were discovered, and the waterfront was further exploited for fishing and wharfage. In spite of the economic decline of the late medieval period the Carmelite friary and nearby ceramic industry appear to have remained buoyant. The High Street frontage remained built up throughout, until a revival from the eighteenth century. Includes French and German summaries, and separately authored reports
2001
The city by the pool: assessing the archaeology of the City of Lincoln
Michael J Jones (Ed.)
This volume offers a new and up-to-date synthesis of Lincoln's long history as a major city and regional capital, from prehistory to 1945. The `City by the Pool' was a major religious centre long before the Roman invasion and, from Bronze-Age shamans to early Baptists, people have always been attracted here for spiritual as well as mundane purposes. The authors argue for the presence of a major ritual causeway of the late Bronze and Iron Age and outline the extent to which ritual monuments also contributed to the character of Roman Lincoln. They hypothesise a Middle Saxon ecclesiastical and market site, at what later became Monks Abbey, and demonstrate that High Medieval Lincoln consisted of a ring of markets laid out around a reserved enclosure, housing the religious and secular aristocracy. They also reveal unexpected evidence for an urban concentration of early Dissenting communities, and finally, bringing the story up to date, they suggest that Industrial Lincoln was an entirely new city, and one not inaugurated until the 1840s - a century later than the date usually given
2003
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