Stonehenge 20th Century Excavations Databases
Wessex Archaeology, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5284/1000258. How to cite using this DOI
Data copyright © Wessex Archaeology unless otherwise stated
This work is licensed under the ADS Terms of Use and Access.
Primary contact
Wessex Archaeology
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Old Sarum Park
Salisbury
SP4 6EB
UK
Tel: 01722 326867
Fax: 01722 337562
Resource identifiers
- ADS Collection: 434
- DOI:https://doi.org/10.5284/1000258
- How to cite using this DOI
Overview
Following is a list of the tables and their data fields.
The phasing used in table CORREL is available from the Downloads page.
| Name | Subject |
|---|---|
| ARCHIVE | Location of wider Stonehenge Archive material |
| ATPHOTO | Index and catalogue of Atkinson et al. photographic archive |
| CORRELL | Summary context record, correlation with Berridge numbers and phasing information |
| DIARY | Total finds noted in Hawley Diaries (i.e. including those not kept) |
| SHENPOT
ELMPOT LATE_POT |
Earlier prehistoric pottery
Later prehistoric pottery Late Iron Age/Romano-British and later pottery |
| FINDS | 'Other finds' (non-ceramic/flint/faunal) in Salisbury Museum examined during the course of the project |
| FLINT | Flint |
| GRAPHICS | Graphics register |
| HAWLEY | Hawley finds (Newall catalogue) with Berridge numbers and location within Salisbury Museum (c. 1989) |
| SHENGE | Card catalogue of Atkinson et al. finds index |
| STONANT | Antler (Southampton Faunal Remains Unit) |
| STONBONE | Animal bone (Southampton Faunal Remains Unit) |
ARCHIVE
This database summarises the whereabouts and nature of the various components of the Stonehenge Archive located or examined during the course of the project. It was created in Dbase, and the amount of information in fields was limited by number of characters allowed by the programme.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| INSTITUTION | Institution where material seen | text (30) |
| ADDRESS | The address of institution where material seen | text (50) |
| LOCATION | Where material kept within the institution | text (30) |
| EXCAV_BY | The excavator of the material (leader of excavation - not individual excavator) | text (30) |
| EXCAV_DATE | Year of the excavation campaign | date |
| END_DATE | For some finds it was impossible to pinpoint exact year of - therefore had to have been excavated before the end of the excavation campaign | date |
| LOCALE_OTH | Refers to excavations beyond the henge monument and Avenue inside the Heel Stone. This includes for example interventions across the Avenue, or in advance of the Underpass, Car park, or A303 | text (30) |
| OTHER_NOTES | Comment field | text (20) |
| ACCESSN_NO | Museum Accession code | text (20) |
| ACCESSN_DATE | Museum Accession date | date |
| SOURCE | (if noted) who donated the material | text (30) |
| COMMENTS | Note field | text (200) |
| RECRD_DATE | Record created on | date |
| COMPILER | Record created by (almost invariably KEW - Karen E Walker) | text (3) |
| LOCALE_GEN | Refers to excavations within the henge and immediate surrounds (ie includes Station Stones Heel Stone etc but not Avenue etc). | Boolean |
| MATERL_PRI | Primary material (present / absent) | Boolean |
| MATERL_SEC | Secondary material (present / absent) | Boolean |
| PREHIST_POT | Prehistoric pottery (present / absent) | Boolean |
| OTHER_POT | Other pottery (present / absent) | Boolean |
| METAL_OBJS | Metal objects (present / absent) | Boolean |
| FLINT_OBJS | Flint objects (present / absent) | Boolean |
| UNWRKD_STN | Unworked stone (present / absent) | Boolean |
| WORKD_BONE | Worked bone (present / absent) | Boolean |
| ANIML_BONE | Animal bone (present / absent) | Boolean |
| ANTLER | Antler (present / absent) | Boolean |
| ENVIRONMNL | Other environmental evidence (present / absent) | Boolean |
| HUMAN_BONE | Human bone (present / absent) | Boolean |
| HMN_CREMNS | Human cremated remains (present / absent) | Boolean |
| WRKD_STONE | Worked stone (present / absent) | Boolean |
| OTHER_OBJS | Other objects (present / absent) | Boolean |
| WRTTN_RECS | Written records (present / absent) | Boolean |
| NEGATIVES | Photographic negatives (present / absent) | Boolean |
| PRINTS | Photographic prints (present / absent) | Boolean |
| SLIDES | Photographic slides (present / absent) | Boolean |
| CRRSPONDNCE | Correspondence (present / absent) | Boolean |
| PLANS_MAPS | Plans / maps (present / absent) | Boolean |
| PRINTS_DRWGS | Prints / drawings (present / absent) | Boolean |
| SURVEY | Survey data (present / absent) | Boolean |
AKTPHOTO
This database provides details of the 2096 photographs of the RJC Atkinson excavations at Stonehenge received by the project as Black & White negatives. Two complete sets of prints were made stored in negative number order. One set was given to the RCHM(E) now English Heritage at Swindon, the other retained with the archive. (Information from the database was printed on archivally stable labels and attached to the reverse of each print). The database was created in association with the RCHM(E) to fit the National Archives numbering and coding / classification system then in place. Most of the negatives did not have any original information attached and so details supplied in the caption and information about the date taken, photographer etc. are all ‘best guesses’. WA context numbers were not assigned as the information was too poor. However, in some cases it was possible to identify the intervention (‘Cutting’) and in those cases, the prints in the retained set were taken out of negative number order and placed in files by Cutting.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| NAR | National Archive Number (SU 14SW) assigned by RCHM(E) | text (7) |
| PRN | Primary record number 2403 (equals Stonehenge) assigned by RCHM(E) | double |
| NGR | National Grid Reference of monument | double |
| COUNTY | County, WI ,code for Wiltshire | text (2) |
| DISTRICT | District SB, code for Salisbury | text (2) |
| PARISH | Parish, Amesbury | text (8) |
| SITE | Site (Stonehenge) assigned by RCHM(E) | text (10) |
| NEG NO | Negative number - unique number block assigned | double |
| PHOTOGRAPHER | Assigned as Atkinson | text (10) |
| TAKEN | Unknown - assigned Atkinson | date |
| RCVD | Not filled in | date |
| ARCHIVE_NO | Assigned by project | double |
| SOURCE | Source of the collection - from TWA - Wessex Archaeology | text (3) |
| COPYRIGHT | Assigned to HBMC - now English Heritage | text (4) |
| COLLECTION | Atkinson | text (4) |
| ORIGINAL_NO | Original Atkinson archive numbers were assigned to some of the negative by Atkinson but no accompanying documentary evidence was found allow this information to be utilised | text (10) |
| NEG_HELD | TWA (now English Heritage, Swindon) | text (3) |
| Print held | text (1) | |
| ORIGINAL_COPY | Original or copy | text (1) |
| BW_COLOUR | Black and white or colour | text (1) |
| SUBJECT | Subject - all designated as EX - excavation | trext (2) |
| INDIVID | Individuals photographed | text (0) |
| TYPE | Designated as HENGE | text (5) |
| CAPTION | Comment field - free text interpretation of the photograph | memo |
| WA_CONTEXT | Wessex Archaeology context number. Not assigned | double |
CORREL
Already documented.
DIARY
Created in Dbase, this database summarises all the specific of finds noted in Hawley's diaries (principally catalogued by Newall), assigned to WA context numbers, correlated with the Peter Berridge Cutting (C_nos) and Feature (F_nos) numbers. Finds types are coded and are examined twice - both as numbers and as presence / absence fields.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| WA_CONTEXT | Wessex Archaeology context number | double |
| RBPOTPLUS | Roman pottery (or later) (nos) | double |
| EARLYPOT | Prehistoric pottery (nos) | double |
| STONEOBJ | Stone objects (nos) | double |
| FLINT | Worked Flint (nos) | double |
| SARSEN | Sarsen (nos) | double |
| FORSTONE | Foreign stone (nos) | double |
| WORKBONE | Worked bone (nos) | double |
| ANTLER | Antler (nos) | double |
| CREMBONE | Cremated bone (nos) | double |
| HUMBONE | Human bone (nos) | double |
| ANIMALBONE | Animal bone (nos) | double |
| CLAYPIPE | Clay pipe (nos) | double |
| COINS | Coins (nos) | double |
| GLASS | Glass (nos) | double |
| METAL | Metal objects (nos) | double |
| MISC | Miscellaneous (nos) | double |
| COMMENTS | Comments | text (240) |
| C_NO | Cutting_no (after Berridge) | text (8) |
| F_NO | Feature_no (after Berridge) | text (6) |
| CATNOS | Catalogue no(s) after Newall | text (100) |
| ROMPOT | Roman or later pottery (present /absent) | boolean |
| EARLPOT | Prehistoric pottery (present /absent) | boolean |
| STONOB | Stone objects (present /absent) | boolean |
| FLIN | Flint (present /absent) | boolean |
| SAR | Sarsen (present /absent) | boolean |
| FORCHLKOBSTONE | Foreign stone (present /absent) | boolean |
| WKBONE | Worked bone (present /absent) | boolean |
| ANT | Antler (present /absent) | boolean |
| HMBONE | Human bone (present /absent) | boolean |
| CLYPIPE | Clay pipe (present /absent) | boolean |
| COIN | Coins (present /absent) | boolean |
| GLA | Glass (present /absent) | boolean |
| MET | Metal (present /absent) | boolean |
| MISCELL | Miscellaneous (present /absent) | boolean |
| CRMBON | Cremated bone (present /absent) | boolean |
ELMPOT
This database, created in Dbase by Elaine Morris of Southampton University, documents the Late Bronze Age -Late Iron Age (post-Bronze Age) pottery sherds.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| WA_CONTEXT | Wessex Archaeology context number | double |
| BERRIDGE_NO | Cutting (C_NO) and Feature (F_No) after Berridge | text (30) |
| COUNT | Sherd numbers | double |
| WEIGHT_GR | Weight in grammes | double |
| DATE | Date by period -standard codes for example LBA = Late Bronze Age | text(10) |
| FABRIC | Fabric codes detailed in archive | text (3) |
| SHERD TYPE | Details in archive | text (1) |
| ATKIN_NO | Records any unique number data applicable to the sherd. Unique number assigned by Atkinson to finds from some seasons (incomplete), also includes Newall catalogue numbers other museum accession number details | text (30) |
| COMMENTS | text (120) |
FINDS
Details other finds types (Non ceramic / faunal) examined in Salisbury Museum during the project.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| CONTEXT_NO | Wessex Archaeology context number | double |
| ASSIGNED | Where find has been assigned to context on judgement rather than primary evidence there is therefore room for a degree of doubt | text (1) |
| C_No | Peter Berridge Cutting Number | text (15) |
| F_NO | Peter Berridge Feature Number | text (15) |
| WA_OBJ_NO | Wessex Archaeology Object Number | double |
| CATALOG_NO | Newall catalogue no | text (15) |
| BRIDG_CODE | Berridge finds code (identifies material); an alphabetic code eg CH-O = chalk object | text (40) |
| WA_CODE | ???? | double |
| GROUP | ???? | text (9) |
| COUNT | Number | double |
| WEIGHT | Weight in grammes | double |
| MATERIAL | Finds type | text (40) |
| COMMENTS | text (240) | |
| PERIOD | Date by period -standard codes for example LBA = Late Bronze Age | text (10) |
| MUS_ACC_NO | Museum Accession number | text (12) |
FLINT
Created in Dbase.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| WAOBJECT | Wessex Archaeology object number | text (7) |
| CONTEXT_NO | Wessex Archaeology context number | double |
| TYPE | Type of flint object (flake, blade etc) | text (30) |
| COUNT | Number | double |
| ASSIGNED | Where find has been assigned to context on judgement rather than primary evidence there is therefore room for a degree of doubt | text (1) |
| ATKIN-NO | Unique number assigned by Atkinson to finds from some seasons (incomplete) | text (15) |
| CUTTING | Peter Berridge Cutting Number | text (13) |
| FEATURE | Peter Berridge Feature Number | text (8) |
| COMMENTS | text (100) |
GRAPHICS
Created in Dbase.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| DRAWING | Drawing number assigned by Wessex Archaeology (including extra letters a, b, c etc) | text (10) |
| DRAWING_NO | Numeric only | long integer |
| BERRIDGE | Number assigned to some Atkinson drawings by Peter Berridge | text (9) |
| OTHER_NO | Any other number previously used | text (13) |
| YEAR | Year of excavation | date |
| EXCAVATOR | Leader of excavation | text (35) |
| DESCRPTION | Outline description of drawing | text (58) |
| CUTTING-EX | Additional information within cutting (for example a section number such as 'a-e') | text (6) |
| CUTTING | Peter Berridge Cutting Number | text (25) |
| SCALE | Original scale in original format (Imperial etc) | text (10) |
| DRAWN_BY | If known | text (15) |
| PLAN | Y/N | boolean |
| SECTION | Y/N | boolean |
| SURVEY | Y/N | boolean |
| OTHER | Y/N | boolean |
| PRIMARY | Y/N | boolean |
| SECONDARY | Y/N | boolean |
| COPY | Y/N | boolean |
| PENCIL | Y/N | boolean |
| INK | Y/N | boolean |
| COLOUR | Y/N | boolean |
| PAPER | Y/N | boolean |
| TR_PAPER | Y/N (tracing paper) | boolean |
| FILM | Y/N | boolean |
| CLOTH | Y/N | boolean |
| DYELINE | Y/N | boolean |
| PHOTOCOPY | Y/N | boolean |
| COMMENTS | text (82) | |
| EXTANT | During course of project (some never seen but identified through gaps in numbers issued earlier) | text (3) |
| ENTRED | When entered into database | date |
| MICROFILMED | Y/N (SUPERCEDED IN 2005) | text (14) |
| CHECKED | Y/N (SUPERCEDED IN 2005) | text (8) |
HAWLEY
Hawley finds (from the Newall catalogue) with Berridge numbers and the location of the object within Salisbury Museum (c. 1989). Created in Dbase.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| NUMBER | Newall catalogue number | text (5) |
| FINDSCODE | Berridge finds code | text (20) |
| CUTTING | Cutting number | text (10) |
| FEATURE | Feature number | text (10) |
| LOCATION | Where the object was stored within Salisbury Museum c.1989 | text (40) |
| DATE | Date entered | text (10) |
LATEPOT
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| CONTEXT_NO | WA Context number | double |
| PERIOD | Codes (RB = Romano British) | text (4) |
| TOTAL_NO | Sherd numbersfrom context | double |
| TOTAL_WT | Sherd weight from context | double |
| FAB_CODE | Fabric code details in archive | double |
| FAB_NO | Numeric code ? details in archive | double |
| COMMENTS | Comments | text (201) |
SHENGE
An 'interim' database similar to HAWLEY, partly based on card finds-catalogue used during initial assessment of Stonehenge artefacts in the Salisbury Museum collections. Created in Dbase.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| NUMBER | Newall catalogue number | text (10) |
| FINDSCODE | Berridge finds code (includes an object id for example HB 4 = Human Bone number 4) | text(20) |
| CUTTING | Cutting number | text (10) |
| FEATURE | Feature number | text (10) |
| CONTEXT | WA Context number - not established when this database was compiled - and not filled in retrospectively | double |
| ASSIGN | Where find has been assigned to context on judgement rather than primary evidence there is therefore room for a degree of doubt - not used | text (4) |
| CHARCAT | As described in the catalogue | text (40) |
| NUMCAT | Numbers mentioned in catalogue | double |
| QUANTITY | Number seen ? | double |
| SEEN | 0 / 1 = Y /N ??? | boolean |
| PRIORITY | Assessment of priority for further study - based on context and inherent object worth | double |
| LOCATION | Where the object was stored within Salisbury Museum c.1989 | text (48) |
| ACCESSION | Museum accession number | text (0) |
| DATE | Date entered | text (10) |
| COMMENTS | memo | |
| DRAWN | No objects were drawn at the assessment stage | boolean |
SHENPOT
Earlier prehistoric pottery. Created by R M J Cleal.
| Field name | Content | Data type |
|---|---|---|
| PRN | Unique Object Number | double |
| NEWALL_ATK | Number assigned by Atkinson to finds from some seasons (incomplete), also includes Newall catalogue numbers | text (100) |
| WA_CONTEXT | Wessex Archaeology context number | double |
| FABRIC | Codes | text (3) |
| FORM | Codes | text (2) |
| STYLE | Codes for example GW - grooved ware | text (9) |
| NO | Number | double |
| WT_G | Weight in grammes | double |
| RIM_PCENT | Percentage of rim present | double |
| BASE_PERCENT | Percentage of base present | double |
| RIM_DIAM | Rim diameter | double |
| BASE_DIAM | Base diameter | double |
| DEC_TYPE_1 | Codes | text (2) |
| DEC_MOTIF2 | Codes | text (2) |
| THICKNESS | double | |
| ILLUS | Illustrated Y/N | boolean |
| PRN_JOINS | Joins between sherds | double |
| SQ_M_AREA | double | |
| WEAR | Codes | double |
| OTHER | Comment | text (250) |
| DEC_TYPE_2 | Codes | text (2) |
| DEC_MOTIF2 | Codes | text (2) |
STONEANT
Antler - created by Southampton University Faunal Remains Unit
Standard fields plus SPNO ?, WA_CONTEXT, LABEL (what the object is marked with - normally the Hawley (Newall Catalogue) or Atkinson number)
STONBONE
Animal bone created by Southampton University Faunal Remains Unit
Standard fields plus WA_CONTEXT, ABONE_NO, LABEL (what the object is marked with - normally the Hawley (Newall Catalogue) or Atkinson number)
