Miles, D. W H. (2007). H M Tower of London (TOL99 and TOL100), London Borough of Tower Hamlets : The Tree-Ring Dating of the White Tower . Fort Cumberland: Historic England. https://doi.org/10.5284/1033455. Cite this using datacite

Title
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Title:		 H M Tower of London (TOL99 and TOL100), London Borough of Tower Hamlets : The Tree-Ring Dating of the White Tower
Series
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Series:		 Historic England Research Reports
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Downloads:
englishh2-107980.pdf (9 MB) : Download
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DOI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.5284/1033455
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Publication Type:		 Report (in Series)
Abstract
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Abstract:		 Between 1997 and 2005, 155 timbers throughout the White Tower were sampled, of which 133 dated. Drawbar socket linings, with felling dates of AD 1049-81 and after AD 1068 respectively, and a lintel felled in AD 1055-87, represent the first phase of construction, before c AD 1083-90. The second phase is represented by another lintel, felled in AD 1072- 1104, and a gutter lining felled after AD 1101. Other medieval fittings include a door of Baltic oak boards, dating to c 1350, and a door of elm and Baltic oak dating to c 1475. The main roofs were found to have been replaced in AD 1490, when the second floor was inserted. Repairs from AD 1532-33 were found in two turrets, but dendrochronology failed to find documented repairs of this date in the main roofs. The floor of the naval and record stores was dated to AD 1602-3, following the reconstruction of the east chamber forty years earlier. Other repairs include a timber and iron tying system in the south-west turret, inserted during the documented brickwork reinforcement of 1618-19, ground-floor timberwork dating to AD 1732-33, related to the documented insertion of brick vaults in the basement, and a series of roof replacements and turret repairs in AD 1780-83. Forty-three timbers produced precise felling dates, for seven of the ten phases studied. The dated material produced nine reference chronologies, which gave excellent matches with local and regional reference chronologies, suggesting that all the timber, other than the Baltic oak used in the two doors, grew near London.
Author
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Author:		 D W H Miles
Publisher
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Publisher:		 Historic England
Other Person/Org
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Other Person/Org:		 Historic England (OASIS Reviewer)
Greater London HER (OASIS Reviewer)
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Year of Publication:		 2007
Locations
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Locations:
Site: The White Tower, Tower of London
Parish: TOWER HAMLETS
District: Tower Hamlets
County: Greater London
Country: England
Location - Auto Detected: London
Grid Reference: 533616, 180548 (Easting, Northing)
Subjects / Periods
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Subjects / Periods:
UNCERTAIN (Historic England Periods) N/A (Find)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) CASTLE (Monument Type England)
MEDIEVAL (Historic England Periods) KEEP (Monument Type England)
Ad 104981 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Medieval (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 1101 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 1490 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 16023 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 173233 (Auto Detected Temporal)
C 1475 (Auto Detected Temporal)
BUILDING SURVEY (Event)
1350 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 178083 Fortythree (Auto Detected Temporal)
Ad 1068 (Auto Detected Temporal)
Identifiers
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Identifiers:
OASIS Id: englishh2-107980
OBIB: 35/2007
Note
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Note:		 A4 heat-bound report of 131pp (ISSN 1749 8775)
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Created Date
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Created Date:		 28 Nov 2016