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A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works

MOLA Headland Infrastructure, 2020. (updated 2025) https://doi.org/10.5284/1081262.

Context 105994

How to cite this record.

Context Information

Context number	105994
Parent context number	105993
Child context number(s)	None
Group number	411 (Structure)
Settlement ?	Brampton West 203
General Period of Feature	Early-Middle Saxon
A14 Area	Brampton West (TEA10)
Associated digital archive	MOLA Headland Infrastructure (2025) A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works at Brampton West Landscape Block, 2016-2018 [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1081252

Context Sheet(s)

Context sheet for context 105994
Filename	A14-TEA10-CN105994.pdf (762 kB)	PDF	Download
PDFs containing multiple context sheets are also available in the project archive: A14 Brampton West Context Sheets (105900-105999)		PDF	Download

Finds

Small Find Number	Object Type	Material	Period of Find	More Information	Find Photograph
60095	Waste (identification uncertain)	Bone	Saxon	view Find Information for small find number 60095 Object: Waste Object identification uncertain: yes Accession number: 60095 Material: Bone Material species: Horse Function: Antler horn bone and tooth working Small find period: Saxon Period of stratigraphy: Anglo-Saxon Early date: 0 Late date: 0 Typology: HORSE METACARPAL WASTE Description: Incomplete; L (84)mm; max W 45mm; max Th 24mm. Bone artefact or waste fragment, made from distal end of horse metacarpal; distal epiphysis removed by heavy oblique chopping from the anterior and posterior faces; broken roughly across the midshaft. Completeness: IC Estimated vessel equivalents represented by this material: 0.0 Estimated number of vessels represented by this material: 0 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 0 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 0 the object has been discarded?: 0

Animal Remains Data

Animal Remains Summary

Sample number	0
State of preservation	MODERATE
Weight	0.808g
Animal remains type(s) present	Sheep or Goat Horse
Number of bones large mammals	35
Number of bones medium mammals	5
Number of identifiable epiphyses	15
Number of identifiable mandibles	2
Number of bones with butchery marks	15
Summary notes	2SHEEP/GOATMANDIBLE/BUTCHERED HORSEFEET

Animal bones

Bone Species	Quantity of Bone for Species	Bone Type and Part(s)	More information
Eel	1	Caudal Vertebra (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Eel Bones in Context 105994 Bone number 2789 Unique number assigned to bone: 2789 Type of species: EEL Type of bone: CAUDAL VERTEBRA part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Sieve size used to recover the bone: 1
Horse	10	Metacarpal 2 (1 Proximal) 2nd Phalanx (1 Fragment) 3rd Phalanx (1 Fragment) 1st Phalanx (3 Fragment) Metacarpal 3 (2 Distal, 2 Proximal)	view More Information on Horse Bones in Context 105994 Bone number 2778 Unique number assigned to bone: 2778 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: 1ST PHALANX part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Zoological comment on zones: PART OF GROUP OFCHOPPED PHALANGES POSSIBLE OIL PRODUCTION? Modification data for bone number 2778 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: PH1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: SP1 Bone number 2779 Unique number assigned to bone: 2779 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: 1ST PHALANX part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Zoological comment on zones: PART OF GROUP OFCHOPPED PHALANGES POSSIBLE OIL PRODUCTION? Modification data for bone number 2779 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: PH1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: SP1 AT 30 DEGREE ANGLE. TRV CHOP PRO DORSAL EDGE Bone number 2780 Unique number assigned to bone: 2780 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: 1ST PHALANX part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Zoological comment on zones: PART OF GROUP OFCHOPPED PHALANGES POSSIBLE OIL PRODUCTION? Modification data for bone number 2780 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: PH1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH AT DIS EPIPH & 2 KN PRO ARTIC DROSAL & MED Bone number 2781 Unique number assigned to bone: 2781 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: 2ND PHALANX part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 5 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Zoological comment on zones: PART OF GROUP OF CHOPPED PHALANGES POSSIBLE OIL PRODUCTION? 5 INDIVIDUAL PH2 ALL SP1 Modification data for bone number 2781 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: PH2 Number of fragments recovered: 5 State of the bone concerned: Butchery Description of fragment/bone: SP1 Bone number 2782 Unique number assigned to bone: 2782 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: 3RD PHALANX part of bone present: FRAGMENT Number of fragments recovered: 3 Weight (in g): 0 Bone number 2777 Unique number assigned to bone: 2777 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: METACARPAL 2 part of bone present: PROXIMAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 3 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Zoological comment on zones: 2L 1 R Bone number 2773 Unique number assigned to bone: 2773 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: METACARPAL 3 part of bone present: DISTAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z3 Z4 Z5 Zoological comment on zones: POSS SLEDGE RUNNER? (WITH L.B). Modification data for bone number 2773 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: MC3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH TRV MIDS Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: MC3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Worked Description of fragment/bone: DISTAL END CHAMPGERED UP TO CHISEL EDGE (SLEGDGE RUNNER) Bone number 2776 Unique number assigned to bone: 2776 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: METACARPAL 3 part of bone present: DISTAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 10 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z3 Z4 Z5 Modification data for bone number 2776 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: MC3 Number of fragments recovered: 10 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH TRV DIS/ 4KN ANT CONDYLE & 1 KN POS SHAFT Bone number 2774 Unique number assigned to bone: 2774 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: METACARPAL 3 part of bone present: PROXIMAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Z5 Modification data for bone number 2774 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: MC3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH TRV PRO Bone number 2775 Unique number assigned to bone: 2775 Type of species: HORSE Type of bone: METACARPAL 3 part of bone present: PROXIMAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Z5 Modification data for bone number 2775 Common or English name of the species: HORSE Code for name of bone: MC3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH TRV PRO
Mouse, Wood	1	Maxilla (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Mouse, Wood Bones in Context 105994 Bone number 2788 Unique number assigned to bone: 2788 Type of species: MOUSE, WOOD Type of bone: MAXILLA part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Sieve size used to recover the bone: 1 Zoological comment on zones: PLUS M1
Sheep/Goat	5	Mandible (1 Fragment, 1 Whole Bone) Humerus (1 Distal) Skull (1 Fragment) Metatarsal (1 Shaft)	view More Information on Sheep/Goat Bones in Context 105994 Bone number 2786 Unique number assigned to bone: 2786 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: HUMERUS part of bone present: DISTAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z5 Z6 Z9 Modification data for bone number 2786 Common or English name of the species: SHEEP/GOAT Code for name of bone: HUM Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: CH TRV MIDS Common or English name of the species: SHEEP/GOAT Code for name of bone: HUM Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Gnawing Description of fragment/bone: D DG 1 Bone number 2785 Unique number assigned to bone: 2785 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z2 Z3 Z4 Zoological comment on zones: SAME ANIMAL AS 2783/2784 RH ELEMENT RETAINED FOR ISOTOPES Dental ageing data for bone number 2785 Type of species: OVCA Type of bone: MAN Deciduous premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Grant wear stage: 12 Molar 2 Grant wear stage: 11 Molar 3 Grant wear stage: 8 Deciduous premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Payne wear stage: 13 Molar 2 Payne wear stage: 12 Molar 3 Payne wear stage: 9 Comment: SAME ANIMAL AS 2783/2784 RH ELEMENT RETAINED FOR ISOTOPES Bone number 2784 Unique number assigned to bone: 2784 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: WHOLE BONE Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 5 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Zoological comment on zones: RETAINED FOR ISOTOPES 29.6.21 SAME ANIMAL AS 2783/2785 Dental ageing data for bone number 2784 Type of species: OVCA Type of bone: MAN Deciduous premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 13 Molar 1 Grant wear stage: 12 Molar 2 Grant wear stage: 11 Molar 3 Grant wear stage: 8 Deciduous premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 12 Molar 1 Payne wear stage: 13 Molar 2 Payne wear stage: 12 Molar 3 Payne wear stage: 9 Comment: RETAINED FOR ISOTOPES 29.6.21 SAME ANIMAL AS 2783/2785 Bone number 2787 Unique number assigned to bone: 2787 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: METATARSAL part of bone present: SHAFT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 2 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z5 Modification data for bone number 2787 Common or English name of the species: SHEEP/GOAT Code for name of bone: MTT Number of fragments recovered: 2 State of the bone concerned: Gnawing Description of fragment/bone: D DG 1 Bone number 2783 Unique number assigned to bone: 2783 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: SKULL part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 3 Number of fragments recovered: 4 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A Sex of the animal [codes: M = male. F = female. C = castrate]: M Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z3 Z5 Z6 Z7 Z9 Zoological comment on zones: UPPER PAR AND HCO BASES PLUS MAXILLAE M3 SLIGHTY WORN. SAME ANIMAL AS 2784/2785
Unidentifiable Species	1	Unidentified (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Unidentifiable Species Bones in Context 105994 Bone number 2790 Unique number assigned to bone: 2790 Type of species: UNIDENTIFIABLE SPECIES Type of bone: UNIDENTIFIED part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 29 Weight (in g): 0 Sieve size used to recover the bone: 1 Zoological comment on zones: UNID <> FRAGS D

Environmental Data

Processed samples

Sample number	Volume proccessed (L)	Volume wet-sieved (L)	Type of flotation	Volume of flotted material (L)	Comments	Assessment results
10552	20	0	Dry	20	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: MODERNROOTS,INSECTS AND SEEDS	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 10552 (8 records) Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE FISH Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE L MAM Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE MISC Abundance: Moderate Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Comments: 5X4MM Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE S MAM Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Comments: 4X3MM Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: CHD GRAIN Abundance: Occasional Comments: CEREAL NFI Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE AMPHIB Abundance: Occasional

Botany Data

Flotation (sample 10552)
Sample number	10552
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	20
Volume flotted (L)	20
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	FILL OF POSTHOLE WITH CHARCOAL MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT MODERNROOTS,INSECTS AND SEEDS

Wet sieving (sample 10552)
Sample number	10552
Process	Wet sieving
Volume processed (L)	20
Volume flotted (L)	20
Abundance of charred grain	1-10
Diversity of charred grain	0
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	FILL OF POSTHOLE WITH CHARCOAL MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT MODERNROOTS,INSECTS AND SEEDS