Back to Archives Search

A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works

MOLA Headland Infrastructure, 2020. (updated 2025) https://doi.org/10.5284/1081262.

Context 285616

How to cite this record.

Context Information

Context number	285616
Parent context number	285615
Child context number(s)	None
Group number	169 (Inhumation Burial)
Land use interpretation	Cemetery (C4)
Settlement ?	Fenstanton Gravels 4
General Period of Feature	Late Roman
A14 Area	Fenstanton Gravels (TEA28)
Associated digital archive	MOLA Headland Infrastructure (2025) A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works at Fenstanton Gravels Landscape Block, 2016-2018 [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1081254

Context Sheet(s)

Context sheet for context 285616
Filename	A14-TEA28-CN285616.pdf (301 kB)	PDF	Download
PDFs containing multiple context sheets are also available in the project archive: A14 Fenstanton Gravels Context Sheets (285400-285724)		PDF	Download

Finds

Small Find Number	Object Type	Material	Period of Find	More Information	Specialist find information	Find Photograph
28537	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (275 - 285)	view Find Information for small find number 28537 Object: Coin Accession number: 28537 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 275 Late date: 285 Description: Obv ]ORINVS P F A[, radiate bust r. Rev Pietas l, at altar [PIETAS AVG]. Weight: 2g Diameter: 17 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28537 Coin type: COPY Ruler under which coin was minted: VICTORINUS Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Does the coin show sign of wear?: Very Worn Coin period after Richard Reece: 14 (275-296) Axis of coin: 12 Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Obv ]ORINVS P F A[, radiate bust r. Rev Pietas l, at altar [PIETAS AVG].
28541	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (275 - 285)	view Find Information for small find number 28541 Object: Coin Accession number: 28541 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 275 Late date: 285 Description: Illegible. Completeness: IC Weight: 1g Diameter: 15 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28541 Coin type: COPY Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Coin period after Richard Reece: 14 (275-296) Condition of coin: Corroded Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Illegible.
28542	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (330 - 364)	view Find Information for small find number 28542 Object: Coin Accession number: 28542 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 330 Late date: 364 Description: Illegible. Completeness: IC Weight: 1g Diameter: 14 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28542 Coin type: COPY Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Condition of coin: Corroded Notes: ORIGINALLY AN IRON NAIL BUT DOESNT APPEAR ON ANY REG FINDS LIST [283686] <28542> ALSO A COIN FROM HOARD SO DETAILS CHANGED TO THE COIN. Catalogue Entry: Illegible.
28551	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (270 - 273)	view Find Information for small find number 28551 Object: Coin Accession number: 28551 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 270 Late date: 273 Description: Obv radiate bust r. Rev ]TIA[, Laetitia l, holding purse and anchor. Weight: 2g Diameter: 18 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28551 Coin type: COIN Ruler under which coin was minted: TETRICUS I Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Does the coin show sign of wear?: worn Denomination: Radiate Coin period after Richard Reece: 13 (260-275) Coin reference: cf RIC 5 pt2, 408 nos 86-7 Axis of coin: 6 Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Obv radiate bust r. Rev ]TIA[, Laetitia l, holding purse and anchor.
28552	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (260 - 268)	view Find Information for small find number 28552 Object: Coin Accession number: 28552 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 260 Late date: 268 Description: Obv GALLIENVS [, radiate bust r. Rev standing figure, MP/-, . Weight: 1g Diameter: 17 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28552 Coin type: COIN Mint: MILAN Ruler under which coin was minted: GALLIENUS Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Does the coin show sign of wear?: Very Worn Denomination: Radiate Coin period after Richard Reece: 13 (260-275) Axis of coin: 6 Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Obv GALLIENVS [, radiate bust r. Rev standing figure, MP/-, .
28554	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (275 - 285)	view Find Information for small find number 28554 Object: Coin Accession number: 28554 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 275 Late date: 285 Description: Obv faint traces of radiate bust r. Rev ?standing figure. Weight: 1g Diameter: 20 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28554 Coin type: COPY Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Does the coin show sign of wear?: Very Worn Coin period after Richard Reece: 14 (275-296) Coin reference: very thin Axis of coin: 12 Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Obv faint traces of radiate bust r. Rev ?standing figure.
28555	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (275 - 285)	view Find Information for small find number 28555 Object: Coin Accession number: 28555 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 275 Late date: 285 Description: Obv faint radiate bust r. Rev ?standing figure. Weight: 2g Diameter: 15 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 1 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 28555 Coin type: COPY Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Does the coin show sign of wear?: Extremely worn Coin period after Richard Reece: 14 (275-296) Axis of coin: 1 Notes: COIN (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: Obv faint radiate bust r. Rev ?standing figure.
78182	Coin	Copper Alloy	Roman (275 - 285)	view Find Information for small find number 78182 Object: Coin Accession number: 78182 Material: Copper Alloy Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Currency Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 275 Late date: 285 Description: illegible. Completeness: IC Weight: 1g Diameter: 16 Method of recovery: Wet Sieved Sample number: 28660 Was the object discovered during survey?: 0 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0	view coin data Coin data for small find number 78182 Coin type: COPY Regime code under which coin was minted: Roman Coin period after Richard Reece: 14 (275-296) Condition of coin: Corroded Coin reference: worn, corroded Notes: FROM SAMPLE 28660 (BURIAL) Catalogue Entry: illegible.
78215	Nail	Iron	Roman	view Find Information for small find number 78215 Object: Nail Accession number: 78215 Material: Iron Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Nails Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 0 Late date: 0 Typology: HOBNAIL 2nd typology: MP Description: Complete; L 14mm (as clenched); Diam head 12x9mm; L shank 10mm (as clenched) max W shank 4.5mm. Iron hobnail; domed ovoid head; short shank , probably originally square-sectioned, with clenched tip. Completeness: C Weight: 1g Count of fragments: 1 Estimated number of vessels represented by this material: 1 Method of recovery: Wet Sieved Sample number: 28659 Was the object discovered during survey?: 0 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0		Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78215 Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78215 [DOWNLOAD] right-click and save link View file information
78645	Nail	Iron	Roman	view Find Information for small find number 78645 Object: Nail Accession number: 78645 Material: Iron Material species: Unidentified Species Function: Nails Small find period: Roman Period of stratigraphy: Roman Early date: 0 Late date: 0 Typology: HOBNAIL 2nd typology: G Description: Complete; L 14mm (as clenched); Diam head 10mm; L shank 9mm (as clenched); max W shank 4mm. Iron hobnail; domed sub-circular head; short sub-square sectioned shank with clenched tip. Completeness: C Weight: 1g Count of fragments: 1 Estimated number of vessels represented by this material: 1 Method of recovery: Wet Sieved Sample number: 28658 Was the object discovered during survey?: 0 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 1 the object has been discarded?: 0		Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78645 Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78645 [DOWNLOAD] right-click and save link View file information Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78645 Post excavation photograph of Small Find Number 78645 [DOWNLOAD] right-click and save link View file information

Human Remains

Cremation

Sample number	Weight of sample	Type of cremation	Minimum number of individuals	Age group	Sex estimate	Comments
28673	6g	Other	1	Undetermined	Undetermined	view FROM THE FILL OF BURIAL CUT [285615], FIVE OF FIVE SAMPLES. ASSOCIATED WITH CREMATED BONE FILL [285637] SKELETON UNKNOWN? ANALYSIS MH 17/08/20 TRANSVERSE CRACKS FILL [285616] FROM GRAVE [285615] ASSOCIATED WITH INHUMATION SK[285650], SAMPLE<28673>. SMALL QUANTITY OF FRAGMENTED NON DIAGNOSTIC BURNT BONE 2.1G INCLUDING NO IDENTIFIED JOINT SURFACE FRAG. MIXED WITH 3.8G OF FRAGMENTED NON BURNT BONE
28661	11.4g	Other	1	Undetermined	Undetermined	view FROM THE FILL OF BURIAL CUT [285615], FOUR OF FIVE SAMPLES. ASSOCIATED WITH CREMATED BONE FILL [285637] SKELETON UNKNOWN? ANALYSIS MH 17/08/20 TRANSVERSE FILL [285616] FROM GRAVE [285615] ASSOCIATED WITH INHUMATION SK[285650], SAMPLE<28661>. SMALL QUANTITY OF FRAGMENTED NON DIAGNOSTIC BURNT BONE 2.1G
28659	6g	Other	1	Undetermined	Undetermined	view FROM THE FILL OF BURIAL CUT [285615], TWO OF FIVE SAMPLES. ASSOCIATED WITH CREMATED BONE FILL [285637] SKELETON UNKNOWN? ANALYSIS MH 18/08/2020 TRANSVERSE CRACKS FILL [285616] FROM GRAVE [285615] ASSOCIATED WITH INHUMATION SK[285650], SAMPLE<28659>. SMALL QUANTITY OF HEAVILY FRAGMENTED NON BURNT BONE 0.9G MIXED WITH 5.5G OF FRAGMENTED NON DIAGNOSTIC BURNT BONE. CRANIAL VAULT FRAG
28660	10.6g	Other	1	Undetermined	Undetermined	view FROM THE FILL OF BURIAL CUT [285615], THREE OF FIVE SAMPLES. ASSOCIATED WITH CREMATED BONE FILL [285637] SKELETON UNKNOWN? ANALYSIS MH 17/08/2020 TRANSVERSE CRACKS FILL [285616] FROM GRAVE [285615] ASSOCIATED WITH INHUMATION SK[285650], SAMPLE<28660>. SMALL QUANTITY OF FRAGMENTED NON DIAGNOSTIC BURNT BONE 2.4G
28658	6g	Other	1	Undetermined	Undetermined	view FROM THE FILL OF BURIAL CUT [285615], ONE OF FIVE SAMPLES. ASSOCIATED WITH CREMATED BONE FILL [285637] SKELETON UNKNOWN? ANALYSIS MH 17/08/20 TRANSVERSE CRACKS FILL [285616] FROM GRAVE [285615] ASSOCIATED WITH INHUMATION SK[285650], SAMPLE<28658>. SMALL QUANTITY OF HEAVILY FRAGMENTED NON BURNT BONE 0.4G MIXED WITH 0.9G OF FRAGMENTED NON DIAGNOSTIC BURNT BONE

Animal Remains Data

Animal Remains Summary

Sample number	0
State of preservation	MODERATE
Weight	0.021g
Number of bones medium mammals	200
Number of burnt bones	75
Summary notes	UNID

Environmental Data

Processed samples

Sample number	Volume proccessed (L)	Volume wet-sieved (L)	Type of flotation	Volume of flotted material (L)	Comments	Assessment results
28658	40	0	Dry	40	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT. Specialist comments: OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH (5ML)- MODERN ROOTS	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28658 (6 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD SEEDS Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: WLG SEEDS Abundance: Occasional Comments: UNCHARRED SEEDS (STELLARIA MEDIA, URTICA DIOICA) Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Moderate Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Comments: C 6 ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Abundant Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: MOLSC TR Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC SNAILS
28659	40	0	Dry	40	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: OCC WORM EGGS; SEDIMENT CRUMB & ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH 5MLMODERN ROOTS AND OCCA SMALL CHARCOAL FRAGS (5MM)	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28659 (6 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: BONE MISC Abundance: Occasional Comments: VERY SMALL BURNT BONE FRAG; Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: WLG SEEDS Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC UNCHARRED SEEDS (URTICA DIOICA) Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Moderate Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD CHAFF Abundance: Occasional Comments: TRACES CHARRED CHAFF (TRITICUM GLUME BASE) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Moderate Comments: TWO POSSIBLE ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAG
28660	40	0	Dry	40	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH (2ML)MODERN ROOTS	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28660 (2 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Moderate Comments: NO ID'BLE CHARCOAL Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Occasional
28661	40	0	Dry	40	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH CONTAINS MODERN ROOTS AND OCCA CHARCOAL FRAGS (1MM)	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28661 (5 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: INV BEETLES Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC BEETLE FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: MOLSC TR Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC SNAILS Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Moderate Comments: VERY OCC ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD MISC Abundance: Occasional Comments: CHARRED TUBER FRAG;
28673	10	0	Dry	10	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28673 (6 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: BONE MISC Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC VERY SMALL MAMMAL BONE FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Moderate Comments: TRACES ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: MOLSC TR Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC SNAILS Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Moderate Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: INV BEETLES Abundance: Occasional Comments: OCC BEETLE FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Comments: C 3 ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAGS
28674	10	0	Dry	10	view Comments: MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT Specialist comments: ROOTS; CONTEXT NO 285637 ON BAG	view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 28674 (3 records) Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE HUMAN Abundance: Occasional Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Comments: NO ID'BLE CHARCOAL FRAGS Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD SEEDS Abundance: Occasional Comments: ONE CHARRED SEED (BROMUS)

Botany Data

Flotation (sample 28658)
Sample number	28658
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred seeds	1-10
Diversity of charred seeds	0
Abundance of charred wood	50+
Diversity of charred wood	0
Abundance of water-logged seeds	1-10
Diversity of water-logged seeds	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT. OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH (5ML)- MODERN ROOTS

Wet sieving (sample 28658)
Sample number	28658
Process	Wet sieving
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT. OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH (5ML)- MODERN ROOTS

Flotation (sample 28659)
Sample number	28659
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred chaff	1-10
Diversity of charred chaff	0
Abundance of charred wood	11-50
Diversity of charred wood	0
Abundance of water-logged seeds	1-10
Diversity of water-logged seeds	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT OCC WORM EGGS; SEDIMENT CRUMB & ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH 5MLMODERN ROOTS AND OCCA SMALL CHARCOAL FRAGS (5MM)

Wet sieving (sample 28659)
Sample number	28659
Process	Wet sieving
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT OCC WORM EGGS; SEDIMENT CRUMB & ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH 5MLMODERN ROOTS AND OCCA SMALL CHARCOAL FRAGS (5MM)

Flotation (sample 28660)
Sample number	28660
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred wood	11-50
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-UPPER PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH (2ML)MODERN ROOTS

Flotation (sample 28661)
Sample number	28661
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	40
Volume flotted (L)	40
Abundance of charred miscellaneous	1-10
Diversity of charred miscellaneous	0
Abundance of charred wood	11-50
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-UPPER PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT ROOTS. FLOT ALSO IN LAB EDINBURGH CONTAINS MODERN ROOTS AND OCCA CHARCOAL FRAGS (1MM)

Flotation (sample 28673)
Sample number	28673
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	10
Volume flotted (L)	10
Abundance of charred wood	11-50
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS

Wet sieving (sample 28673)
Sample number	28673
Process	Wet sieving
Volume processed (L)	10
Volume flotted (L)	10
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-LOW PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT OCC WORM EGGS; ROOTS

Flotation (sample 28674)
Sample number	28674
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	10
Volume flotted (L)	10
Abundance of charred seeds	1-10
Diversity of charred seeds	0
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	0
Comments	GRAVE FILL (MID-UPPER PART) MAGNETIC RESIDUE PRESENT ROOTS; CONTEXT NO 285637 ON BAG