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A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works

MOLA Headland Infrastructure, 2020. (updated 2025) https://doi.org/10.5284/1081262.

Context 410791

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Context Information

Context number	410791
Parent context number	410792
Child context number(s)	None
Group number	44 (Structure)
Land use interpretation	Enclosure (E2)
Settlement ?	Bar Hill 3
General Period of Feature	Late Iron Age
A14 Area	Bar Hill (TEA41)
Associated digital archive	MOLA Headland Infrastructure (2025) A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme: Digital Archive for Archaeological Works at Bar Hill Landscape Block, 2016-2018 [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1081250

Context Sheet(s)

Context sheet for context 410791
Filename	A14-TEA41-CN410791.pdf (78 kB)	PDF	Download
PDFs containing multiple context sheets are also available in the project archive: A14 Bar Hill Context Sheets (410001-410999)		PDF	Download

Finds

Small Find Number	Object Type	Material	Period of Find	More Information	Find Photograph
41067	Waste	Antler	Iron Age	view Find Information for small find number 41067 Object: Waste Accession number: 41067 Material: Antler Function: Antler horn bone and tooth working Small find period: Iron Age Period of stratigraphy: Iron Age Early date: 0 Late date: 0 Typology: TRANSVERSELY SAWN Description: Incomplete; L (19)mm; W 25mm. Antler waste fragment; sawn transversely at one end, broken at the other; split longitudinally; exterior surface unworked; perhaps from beam or large tine. Completeness: IC Weight: 4g Count of fragments: 1 Estimated vessel equivalents represented by this material: 0.0 Estimated number of vessels represented by this material: 0 Method of recovery: Unrecorded - Default assumption is hand collected Was the object discovered during survey?: 0 Does the object fall under the treasure act?: 0 the object has been discarded?: 0

Building Material

Fabric	Form	Material	Number of Pieces Recovered and Weight	Fabric Dates	Comments
Unknown Date	Unkown	Post-Medieval CBM	14 (12g)	40 - 200

Human Remains

Disarticulated human bone

Preservation	Age group	Sex estimate	Comments
Good	Adult	Undetermined	view FROM FILL OF DITCH [410792]

Disarticulated bones

Bone number	Bone type	Bone segments	Bone pathology
T48	Mandible R M3	view Bone segment 1: 1 Bone segment 2: 0 Bone segment 3: 0 Bone segment 4: 0 Bone segment 5: 0 Bone segment 6: 0 Bone segment 7: 0 Bone segment 8: 0 Tooth segment note: 1 Tooth and socket present, 2 Tooth lost post-mortem (socket present), 3 Tooth lost ante-mortem (socket present), 4 Congenital absence (socket present), 5 Tooth present (no socket), 6 Tooth erupting (socket present), 7 Deciduous retention null Tooth and socket absent (area missing)	view Pathology locations for object 906684, bone no T48 Pathology code: 1055 Pathology: Dental Disease: Miscellaneous Comments: Moderate calculus

Animal Remains Data

Animal Remains Summary

Sample 0
Sample number	0
State of preservation	MODERATE
Weight	0.4g
Animal remains type(s) present	Cattle Pig Game Sheep or Goat
Number of bones large mammals	16
Number of bones medium mammals	24
Number of identifiable epiphyses	1
Number of identifiable mandibles	1
Number of bones with butchery marks	6
Number of burnt bones	1
Number of gnawed bones	1
Number of worked bones	1
Summary notes	DEER ANT WORKED

Sample 41103
Sample number	41103
State of preservation	MODERATE
Weight	0.005g
Number of bones medium mammals	27
Number of bones very small mammals	1
Number of burnt bones	2
Summary notes	RODENT

Animal bones

Bone Species	Quantity of Bone for Species	Bone Type and Part(s)	More information
Cattle	9	Zygomatic (1 Fragment) Tibia (1 Proximal) Mandible (3 Fragment) Femur (1 Fragment, 1 Shaft) Humerus (1 Fragment) Skull (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Cattle Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1753 Unique number assigned to bone: 1753 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: FEMUR part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: J Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z4 Bone number 1756 Unique number assigned to bone: 1756 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: FEMUR part of bone present: SHAFT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Bone number 1769 Unique number assigned to bone: 1769 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: HUMERUS part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z2 Bone number 2 Unique number assigned to bone: 2 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Age of animal [codes: FN = foetal. I = immature. J = juvenile. O = old. SA = senior adult. YA = young adult]: A Zoological comment on zones: PHOTOS TAKEN - MANDIBLE EXTRACTED FOR ISOTOPE (SUERC) Dental ageing data for bone number 2 Type of species: BOS Type of bone: MAN Deciduous premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 2 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 3 Grant wear stage: 14 Deciduous premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 2 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 3 Payne wear stage: 0 Comment: PHOTOS TAKEN - MANDIBLE EXTRACTED FOR ISOTOPE (SUERC) Bone number 1748 Unique number assigned to bone: 1748 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z5 Z8 Modification data for bone number 1748 Common or English name of the species: CATTLE Code for name of bone: MAN Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Butchery Description of fragment/bone: LAT POS A-PKN1 Bone number 1752 Unique number assigned to bone: 1752 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Bone number 1751 Unique number assigned to bone: 1751 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: SKULL part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): B Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z3 Bone number 1754 Unique number assigned to bone: 1754 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: TIBIA part of bone present: PROXIMAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Bone number 1750 Unique number assigned to bone: 1750 Type of species: CATTLE Type of bone: ZYGOMATIC part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z6
Cattle Size	2	Long Bone Fragment (1 Fragment) Rib (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Cattle Size Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1758 Unique number assigned to bone: 1758 Type of species: CATTLE SIZE Type of bone: LONG BONE FRAGMENT part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: D Bone number 1747 Unique number assigned to bone: 1747 Type of species: CATTLE SIZE Type of bone: RIB part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 2 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: D
Deer, Unidentified	1	Antler (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Deer, Unidentified Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1755 Unique number assigned to bone: 1755 Type of species: DEER, UNIDENTIFIED Type of bone: ANTLER part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: EXT FOR FINDS Modification data for bone number 1755 Common or English name of the species: DEER, UNIDENTIFIED Code for name of bone: ANT Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Worked Description of fragment/bone: SAWN THRU
Sheep Size	3	Rib (2 Fragment) Long Bone Fragment (1 Fragment)	view More Information on Sheep Size Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1765 Unique number assigned to bone: 1765 Type of species: SHEEP SIZE Type of bone: LONG BONE FRAGMENT part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: D Modification data for bone number 1765 Common or English name of the species: SHEEP SIZE Code for name of bone: LBF Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Burning Description of fragment/bone: ALL BLACK Bone number 1746 Unique number assigned to bone: 1746 Type of species: SHEEP SIZE Type of bone: RIB part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 4 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: D Bone number 1771 Unique number assigned to bone: 1771 Type of species: SHEEP SIZE Type of bone: RIB part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: D
Sheep/Goat	11	2nd Phalanx (1 Most) Mandible (1 Fragment) Mandibular Tooth (2 Fragment) Humerus (1 Fragment) Maxillary Tooth (1 Whole Bone) Femur (2 Fragment) Metacarpal (1 Fragment) Metatarsal (2 Fragment)	view More Information on Sheep/Goat Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1757 Unique number assigned to bone: 1757 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: 2ND PHALANX part of bone present: MOST Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L State of fusion at the proximal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: U Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z2 Bone number 1761 Unique number assigned to bone: 1761 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: FEMUR part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Bone number 1760 Unique number assigned to bone: 1760 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: HUMERUS part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Bone number 1749 Unique number assigned to bone: 1749 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MANDIBLE part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): R Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Bone number 1767 Unique number assigned to bone: 1767 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MANDIBULAR TOOTH part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 2 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Zoological comment on zones: BROKEN Bone number 1766 Unique number assigned to bone: 1766 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MANDIBULAR TOOTH part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Dental ageing data for bone number 1766 Type of species: OVCA Type of bone: MNT Deciduous premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Grant wear stage: 0 Molar 2 Grant wear stage: 10 Molar 3 Grant wear stage: 0 Deciduous premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Premolar 4 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 1 Payne wear stage: 0 Molar 2 Payne wear stage: 11 Molar 3 Payne wear stage: 0 Bone number 1764 Unique number assigned to bone: 1764 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: MAXILLARY TOOTH part of bone present: WHOLE BONE Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 5 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Zoological comment on zones: M3 FULL WEAR Bone number 1759 Unique number assigned to bone: 1759 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: METACARPAL part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Modification data for bone number 1759 Common or English name of the species: SHEEP/GOAT Code for name of bone: MTC Number of fragments recovered: 1 State of the bone concerned: Gnawing Description of fragment/bone: SL CAN Bone number 1762 Unique number assigned to bone: 1762 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: METATARSAL part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Bone number 1768 Unique number assigned to bone: 1768 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: METATARSAL part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Bone number 1770 Unique number assigned to bone: 1770 Type of species: SHEEP/GOAT Type of bone: FEMUR part of bone present: FRAGMENT Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 1 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z7
Vole, Field/Short-Tailed	1	Humerus (1 Distal)	view More Information on Vole, Field/Short-Tailed Bones in Context 410791 Bone number 1772 Unique number assigned to bone: 1772 Type of species: VOLE, FIELD/SHORT-TAILED Type of bone: HUMERUS part of bone present: DISTAL Proportion of the animal present in a range of 1-5 : 4 Number of fragments recovered: 1 Weight (in g): 0 Side of the animal from which the bone came from (l or r): L State of fusion at the distal end of the bone [codes: F = fused. U = unfused. VO = fused but fuse line open. VC = fused but fuse line closed]: F Bone area(s) These are numbers assigned to areas of a bone that are identifiable to species, skeletal element and body-side even when the bone is heavily fragmented. The allocation of zones to specific bones varies; this system was devised by James Rackham and provides a useful brief description of what part of a bone is present. Contact MOLA specialists for more information: Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Z9

Environmental Data

Processed samples

Sample number	Volume proccessed (L)	Volume wet-sieved (L)	Type of flotation	Volume of flotted material (L)	Comments	Assessment results
41103	10	0	Dry	10		view Environmental processed samples contents for sample number 41103 (3 records) Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD GRAIN Abundance: Occasional Diversity: Low Comments: TRITICUM Sieving/flotation process: Wet sieving Environmental material identified: BONE MISC Abundance: Moderate Sieving/flotation process: Flotation Environmental material identified: CHD WOOD Abundance: Occasional Diversity: Low Comments: 4MM FRGS

Botany Data

Flotation (sample 41103)
Sample number	41103
Process	Flotation
Volume processed (L)	10
Volume flotted (L)	10
Abundance of charred grain	1-10
Diversity of charred grain	1-3 taxa
Abundance of charred wood	1-10
Diversity of charred wood	1-3 taxa
Comments	FILL OF THE RING DITCH OF THE HAYRICK