Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society 2 (series 3)

Provides an overview of prehistoric activity in Cumbria. Significant activity began during the Late Mesolithic, with technology apparently being used well into the fourth millennium BC; so in chronological if not cultural terms, Late Meso communities in Cumbria were contemporaneous with Early Neolithic communities in East Yorkshire. Suggests that there is a continuation of Late Meso traditions throughout the Early Neo period in the county. Significant quantities of flint were being imported from East Yorkshire between the Late Meso and EBA.

Reports the excavation of a small subcircular mound, formed through the deposition of large quantities of burnt fine-grained sandstone/gritstone around a central hollow. Later the central trough was remodelled; a roughly rectangular pit was excavated within which timber lining was constructed. Radiocarbon dates suggests that the site was used in the mid-second millennium BC.

Discusses the finds which include a number of Romano-British pottery sherds, twenty-five coins (from early-first to mid-fourth century AD in date), and a fragment of tegulae incised with a grid, which was possibly used in gaming.

Largely historical. Discusses Howard's seventeenth-century collection of inscribed Roman stones, which were mainly altars and building stones. Some of the collection survives at Rokeby, Durham.

Reports a group of metalwork dating to between 800 and 1000 AD. Most of the objects are iron, although the most significant find is a copper alloy openwork plaque with gilded surface.

Investigations demonstrated that the tannery probably originated in the late-eighteenth century and was subsequently modified. It appears that the complex ceased to function as a tannery around the turn of the nineteenth/twentieth centuries, after which the building was used mainly as a cattle byre.

Documents the history and architecture of the `castle' which was built during the 1840s. Also discusses other structures located within the Estate on the western shore of Windermere.

Discusses the history, location and development of the nineteenth-century Johnby Brick & Tile Works, near Penrith, Cumbria. Also reports on the types of drainage pipe that were produced.

Notes a study of the shadow cast by Long Meg at sunset on 22 December 2000 -- where cloud cover had prevented observation the previous day.

Notes the discovery of several casual coin losses and two hoards, late-fourth-century one from Distington (sixty-seven coins of the third and fourth centuries) and the other from Old Carlisle (an aureus of Titus as Caesar and c. twenty denarii).

Discusses the history and architecture of a bridge over the South Tyne at Alston. Notes the collapse of the original bridge during floods in 1771, and its subsequent replacement in 1784 and again in 1835.