n.a. (2000). Cadbury Castle, Somerset.. London: English Heritage.

Title:

Cadbury Castle, Somerset.

Subtitle:

The later prehistoric and early historic archaeology

Series:

English Heritage Archaeology Reports

Volume:

Number of Pages:

398

Downloads:

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Licence Type:

ADS Terms of Use and Access

Publication Type:

Monograph Chapter (in Series)

Abstract:

With summaries in French and German (xv-xviii). Cadbury Castle hillfort was excavated between 1966 and 1973 by Leslie Alcock. This report concerns the occupation of the hill during the first millennium BC and in the early centuries of the first millennium AD. Neolithic occupation was also encountered and the site is well known for its post-Roman settlement and defences (96/515). The excavations examined the sequence of the enclosing earthworks, the history of the south-western gateway and the interior occupation. The separate structural sequences of earthwork building, gateway development and interior occupation are combined to describe the site's history in three periods: Early Cadbury c. 100-300 BC, Middle Cadbury c. 300 BC-AD 40/50, and Late Cadbury c. AD40/50 - 400. Studies of the artefacts and other material excavated are integrated around common themes in terms of the human body, while activities of production and consumption are also considered. Early Cadbury began with a cluster of buildings associated with pits and occupation debris This settlement nucleus developed, with circular and rectangular structures established along the line of a road and industrial activity to the north. Lynchets, banks and fences initially demarcated the perimeter of the hill, before the first rampart was constructed. Middle Cadbury was the main occupation period, with round houses built and rebuilt and most pits dug and filled; industrial activity continued. Outer ramparts were built, with a complex sequence of gate structures at the south-west entrance. Intensity of occupation began to decline by the beginning of Late Cadbury, though the inner rampart and gateway were refurbished. The gateway was destroyed, probably by the Roman army, which then occupied the site. This gate was burnt finally in the second century and there was no indication of later Roman activity or continuity with the early medieval re-occupation of the hillfort. The first chapter begins with sections on the intellectual framework of the report,

Issue Editor:

John C Barrett
Philip Freeman
Ann Woodward

Publisher:

English Heritage

Year of Publication:

2000

ISBN:

1850747164

Subjects / Periods:

	Copper Alloy Objects (BIAB)
	Beads [Sm] (BIAB)
Iron Age (BIAB)
	Stone Objects (BIAB)
	Hillforts (BIAB)
Roman (BIAB)
	Settlement Sites (BIAB)
	Social Archaeology (BIAB)
	Iron Objects [By Period, Swp] (BIAB)
	Army (BIAB)

Source:

BIAB (The British & Irish Archaeological Bibliography (BIAB))

Relations:

Created Date:

27 Sep 2001

Please click on an Article link to go to the Article Details.

Chapter Title	Author / Editor	Page Start/End
Untitled		0
Writing Cadbury	John C Barrett	1 - 3
The research programme 1965-94	John C Barrett	3 - 6
Antiquarian and archaeological research 1542-1965	Philip Freeman	6 - 8
The hill: geology	H S Torrens Patrick J Ashmore H C Prudden	8 - 10
The earthworks	Hazel Riley Christopher J Dunn	10 - 13
The excavation strategy	Philip Freeman	13 - 14
Geophysical surveys		14 - 15
Introduction	John C Barrett	15
The excavated areas	Philip Freeman	16 - 19
Introduction	John C Barrett	20
Depositional processes	Ann Woodward	20 - 22
The site chronology	John C Barrett	22 - 23
The site sequence	Philip Freeman	23 - 24
The stratigraphic sequence of Late Bronze Age, Iron Age and early Roman ceramics	Ann Woodward	24 - 25
A quantitative analysis of pottery from Sites D, K, and N	Ann Woodward Lynne Bevan	25 - 41
The revised phasing scheme	Ann Woodward	41 - 43
The early medieval sequence	Leslie Alcock	43 - 44
Material culture: the artefact categories	John C Barrett	44 - 45
Introduction	John C Barrett	46
The Inner Bank (Bank 1)	Leslie Alcock Michael Bishop	46 - 72
Pottery from site D: south rampart cutting	Ann Woodward	62 - 66
The outer earthworks	Leslie Alcock Michael Bishop	72 - 81
The land environment of the outer earthworks: the land mollusca from Site D	Amanda Rouse	75 - 79
Redefining the perimeter	John C Barrett	82 - 83
The south-western gateway sequence	Ann Woodward Heather F James	84 - 102
Pottery from Site K: contexts adjacent to the main section	Leslie Alcock Ann Woodward	102 - 105
The massacre levels: a contextual analysis	Ann Woodward	105 - 109
The human bodies	Ann Woodward J D Hill	109 - 114
Synthesis	Ann Woodward J D Hill	114 - 115
Context, chronology, and history	Ann Woodward	115 - 116
The human skeletal material	Stephen Forbes	117 - 121
The military copper alloy items	Michael Bishop	121 - 122
The ironwork (excluding brooches)	Philip Macdonald	122 - 132
The brooches	Adrian C H Olivier	132 - 143
Copper alloy objects (excluding brooches)	Jennifer Foster	143 - 147
Worked stone, bone, and glass	Fiona E S Roe William J Britnell J Price Sally Cottam	148
Correlations between the structural sequences in the gate and the Bank 1 sections	Ann Woodward	148 - 151
Correlations between the gate sequence (Site K) and sections through Bank 1 (Sites A, D, I, and J)	Ann Woodward	151 - 152
Approaching the hilltop	John C Barrett	153
The excavated areas	John C Barrett Jane M Downes Philip Freeman Chris R Musson	153 - 178
Tweezers and razors	Brendan O C O'Connor	179
Fired clay spindle whorls	Cynthia Poole	179 - 181
Introduction	John C Barrett	179
Bone objects	William J Britnell	181 - 188
Stone spindle whorls	Peter S Bellamy	181
Iron and copper alloy needles	C Saunders Jennifer Foster	186
Awls (copper alloy)	Brendan O C O'Connor	187
Clay beads	Cynthia Poole	188
Glass Beads	Jennifer Price Sally Cottam	188 - 190
Iron leatherworking tools	C Saunders	188
Amber, shale, and stone beads	Peter S Bellamy Fiona E S Roe	190
Kimmeridge Shale armlets	Peter S Bellamy	191 - 192
Gold bracelet	Brendan O C O'Connor	192
Copper alloy pins	Brendan O C O'Connor Jennifer Foster	192 - 194
Copper alloy bracelets	Jennifer Foster	192
Iron decorative items	C Saunders	192
Copper alloy rings	Jennifer Foster	194
Composite rings	Brendan O C O'Connor Jennifer Foster	194 - 196
Copper alloy buttons and dress fasteners	Jennifer Foster	196
Copper alloy sheet	Jennifer Foster	196 - 197
Possible mirror	Jennifer Foster	197
Brooches	Adrian C H Olivier	197 - 202
Worked bone and antler ornaments	William J Britnell	202
Iron agricultural implements	C Saunders	203
The pits	G Bellavia Jane M Downes Iain M Ferris	203 - 206
Querns	Peter S Bellamy	206 - 211
Grinding stones	Peter S Bellamy	211
Introduction	John C Barrett	212
Structural materials	Cynthia Poole	212 - 214
Prehistoric ceramic vessels	Ann Woodward	214 - 219
The Late Cadbury `Roman' ceramics	Peter Leach D Bailey Lynne Bevan Kevin T Greene Valery Rigby	219 - 223
Amphorae	David Williams	219
Samian ware	Brenda Dickinson	219
Glass vessels	Jennifer Price Sally Cottam	223 - 226
Kimmeridge shale containers	Peter S Bellamy	226 - 227
Metal containers and container fittings: iron	C Saunders	227
Metal containers and container fittings: copper alloy	Brendan O C O'Connor Jennifer Foster	227 - 228
The briquetage	Cynthia Poole	229
Late Bronze Age tools	Brendan O C O'Connor	229 - 230
Iron woodworking tools	C Saunders	230 - 231
Iron metalworking tools	C Saunders	231
Whetstones and sharpeners	Peter S Bellamy	231 - 233
Antler handles	William J Britnell	231
Bone or antler pins and pegs	William J Britnell	233
Copper alloy Harness equipment	Jennifer Foster C Saunders	233 - 235
Hammerstones	Peter S Bellamy	233
Stone polishers	Peter S Bellamy	233
Iron keys and structural fittings	C Saunders	235
Violence spearheads, swords, daggers, associated fittings and shields	Brendan O C O'Connor Jennifer Foster C Saunders	235 - 242
Antler pointed ferrules	William J Britnell	242
The Roman military equipment	Mike C Bishop	242 - 247
Clay slingshot	Cynthia Poole	247
Stone slingshot	Peter S Bellamy	247
Stone, clay, and copper alloy weighing equipment	Peter S Bellamy Cynthia Poole Jennifer Foster	247 - 248
Iron Age coinage	Colin Haselgrove Melinda Mays	248 - 252
The Roman coins	P John Casey	252 - 253
Worked bone	William J Britnell	253 - 255
Stone objects	Peter S Bellamy	255 - 257
Clay balls	Cynthia Poole	257
Introduction	John C Barrett	258
Pottery production	David Williams Ann Woodward	259 - 261
Daub and burnt clay fabrics	Cynthia Poole	261 - 262
Kimmeridge shale	Peter S Bellamy	262
Amber	Peter S Bellamy	262
Coral	Jennifer Foster	262
Worked stone	Fiona E S Roe	262 - 269
The use of bone, antler, and tooth as raw materials	William J Britnell	269 - 271
Copper alloy analysis	Peter Northover	271 - 275
Glass analysis	Julian Henderson	275 - 277
Introduction	John C Barrett	278
The animal bones from a sample of Iron Age contexts	Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Mark J M Maltby	278 - 291
The metalworking evidence	John C Barrett Jane M Downes Philip Macdonald Peter Northover Brendan O C O'Connor C J Salter Louise Turner	291 - 301
Spatial analysis of the pottery from Middle Cadbury contexts	Ann Woodward	302 - 313
Introduction	John C Barrett Olivia Lelong	302
Spatial analysis of the stone artefacts of all later prehistoric periods	Peter S Bellamy	313 - 315
Conclusion	John C Barrett Olivia Lelong	315 - 316
Writing the Iron Age	John C Barrett	317 - 324
The Late Bronze Age and Iron Age ceramic type series	Ann Woodward	325
The ceramic fabric series	David Williams Ann Woodward	325 - 346
Concordance of major structures	Alex Bayliss Philip Freeman Ann Woodward	346 - 356
Catalogue to accompany figures in Chapters 6, 7 and 8	Alex Bayliss Philip Freeman Ann Woodward	356 - 370
The radiocarbon dates	Alex Bayliss Philip Freeman Ann Woodward	370 - 372