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SectionB.4
SectionB.4

Version management

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!!!
In his assessment report, David Baker recommended that HERs should be all-inclusive of subject and period for archaeology and preferably for all aspects of the historic environment for a defined geographic area (Baker 1999a). This is endorsed in ''Benchmarks for Good Practice'' which for the 1st stage states that "the record should be inclusive of subject and period for all archaeology terrestrial and maritime" and should "provide comprehensive coverage for statutory and non-statutory designated historic places". It also states that a "written policy setting out the scope, geographical coverage and content" is required (Chitty, 2002, p.6 benchmarks 2.1 and 2.2). Looking beyond this broad-brush statement, HER managers are recommended to set out the scope and content of their record in their recording guidelines and to have a collecting and disposal policy for archive material. The publication of the ''Hedgerow Regulations'' (DoE 1997) underlined the need for a clear statement of what data and other information comprises a local HER.
!!!B.4 Defining the HER
In his assessment report, David Baker recommended that HERs should be all-inclusive of subject and period for archaeology and preferably for all aspects of the historic environment for a defined geographic area ([Baker 1999a|Bibliography#Baker 1999a|target='_blank']). This is endorsed in ''Benchmarks for Good Practice'' which for the 1st stage states that "the record should be inclusive of subject and period for all archaeology terrestrial and maritime" and should "provide comprehensive coverage for statutory and non-statutory designated historic places". It also states that a "written policy setting out the scope, geographical coverage and content" is required ([Chitty, 2002, p.6 benchmarks 2.1 and 2.2|Bibliography#Chitty 2002|target='_blank']). Looking beyond this broad-brush statement, HER managers are recommended to set out the scope and content of their record in their recording guidelines and to have a collecting and disposal policy for archive material. The publication of the ''Hedgerow Regulations'' ([DoE 1997|Bibliography#DoE 1997|target='_blank']) underlined the need for a clear statement of what data and other information comprises a local HER.
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HERs normally cover the geographic area administered by a particular local authority. In some areas, a number of HERs may operate, each offering services to different tiers of local government or to National Park authorities. The recording policy for each HER should state the geographic area covered and any arrangements for exchanging or sharing data with neighbouring records. While local authorities do not currently have responsibility below the low water mark, those authorities that have a coastline should include the maritime cultural heritage in their record. A seamless approach is advocated in compiling a maritime component of a HER record out to the territorial limit, currently the 12 nautical miles and beyond if dealing with submerged landscapes.
HERs normally cover the geographic area administered by a particular local authority. In some areas, a number of HERs may operate, each offering services to different tiers of local government or to National Park authorities. The recording policy for each HER should state the geographic area covered and any arrangements for exchanging or sharing data with neighbouring records.HERs normally cover the geographic area administered by a particular local authority. In some areas, a number of HERs may operate, each offering services to different tiers of local government or to National Park authorities. The recording policy for each HER should state the geographic area covered and any arrangements for exchanging or sharing data with neighbouring records.
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Particular care may be required in defining the geographical extent of the HER with respect to submerged areas:
* Non-tidal waters such as rivers above their tidal limit, canals, lakes and so on clearly fall within the local authority and are subject to town and country planning. It is recommended that the recording policy makes it plain that the HER includes all archaeological material in non-tidal waters.
* Tidal waters within the area of the local authority include areas that are submerged at high tide. In general terms, the boundary of local authorities is at low water. All of the intertidal area - between low water and high water - falls within a local authority even though it is 'marine'in character and is submerged for much of the time. Also, some areas that are below low water may fall within the local authority because the boundary cuts across tidal waters, such as at the mouth of a river or estuary. It is important to check the local authority boundary at the coast to see whether it encompasses areas below low water. The recording policy should make it clear that the HER encompasses the whole area within the local authority, whether it is above or below low water.
* Tidal waters outside the limit of the local authority include all those areas seaward of the low water mark or any other place where the boundary extends across the sea. Although these areas are outside the local authority, there are several strong reasons for including these areas within the scope of the HER: to inform plan-making and decision-taking at the coast; to inform other local authority activities and interests with respect to tourism, coastal zone management, shoreline management, flooding, fisheries and marine conservation; and to engage with local community interest in marine heritage. Accordingly, a seamless approach is advocated such that the recording policy extends the HER to a defined limit seaward of the local authority boundary. Many HERs encompass the whole of the Inshore Region, to the limit of the UK Territorial Sea (12 nautical miles, which is about 22 km).
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The period and scope of coverage varies from one HER to another. Some collect information about archaeological sites up to 1700 while others provide comprehensive coverage for all aspects of the archaeological and built environment. To meet benchmark 2.1 of ''Benchmarks for Good Practice'' (Chitty, 2002) the latter is required. A recording policy should set out the period and topic themes that are covered by the record and may make reference to research framework documents for the area or region. This policy will provide the framework for planning enhancements to the HER's information content and needs to be kept under review as new subject areas are considered for inclusion. For example, the scope of the recording policy may need to be extended if HER managers decide to begin recording Cold War defensive sites (as some already do). Monument coverage in the submerged zone should reflect terrestrial coverage but ideally should be all encompassing, including wrecks, crashed aircraft, submerged landscapes and finds/reports outside the.
The period and scope of coverage varies from one HER to another. Some collect information about archaeological sites up to 1700 while others provide comprehensive coverage for all aspects of the archaeological and built environment. To meet benchmark 2.1 of ''Benchmarks for Good Practice'' ([Chitty, 2002|Bibliography#Chitty 2002|target='_blank']) the latter is required. A recording policy should set out the period and topic themes that are covered by the record and may make reference to research framework documents for the area or region. This policy will provide the framework for planning enhancements to the HER's information content and needs to be kept under review as new subject areas are considered for inclusion. For example, the scope of the recording policy may need to be extended if HER managers decide to begin recording Cold War defensive sites (as some already do).
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Monument coverage in submerged areas should be entirely consistent with terrestrial coverage. The remains of vessels such as wrecks and hulks, air crash sites, features and deposits relating to submerged prehistory, and finds and reports arising from the different legal and voluntary frameworks applicable to discoveries at sea may all require particular attention.
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''Figure 4: Information management cycle''
''Figure 3: Information management cycle''
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Panel 3 shows examples of the use of these proposed fields to record archaeological science data in an HER. These fields are not necessarily going to be together but the table offers a good summary of what is intended.
Panel 4 shows examples of the use of these proposed fields to record archaeological science data in an HER. These fields are not necessarily going to be together but the table offers a good summary of what is intended.
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!Panel 4 Examples of fields to use to record archaeological science data in an HER.
As well as those fields in the table below, also include fields for 'Assemblage size' and 'Period'.
|Object type (Artefact/Ecofact)|Material|State (preservation)| Investigative technique|Recovery method|Storage location|Reference|Notes
|(Soils & sediments + LUT:) Colluvium, Alluvium, Buried soil, Estuarine, Aeolian etc|Tephra Peat, Ash, Sand, Gravel| |Particle size, Ph, Soil phosphorus, Loss on ignition, Magnetic susceptibility, Micromorphology|(Specialist samples +LUT) Blocks, Bulk, Kubenya tins| |Link to the full report|Exceptional occurrences or other detail
|(Vertebrates + LUT:) Human remains, Large mammals, Small mammals, Bird, Fish, Amphibian, Reptiles|Bone, Antler, Teeth, Ivory, Skin, Hair, Feathers, Egg shells|Charred, Mineralised |Xradiography, Isotope, Ancient biomolecules|Hand, Bulk, Sieving|Specialist’s shelf, Museum, Archaeological unit| |
|(Invertebrates + LUT:) Insects, Mites, Ostracods, Molluscs land, Molluscs freshwater, Molluscs marine |Shell, Body parts |Waterlogged, Charred, Mineralised| |Monoliths, Bulk, Spot, Column, auger | | |
|(Plants + LUT:)Plant macro remains, Moss, Wood, Pollen, Phytoliths, Spores|Grains, Chaff, Seeds, Roots, Leaves, Buds|Waterlogged, Charred, Mineralised, Worked| |Monoliths, Bulk, Hand, Flotation, Dry sieving| | |
|(Vessels + LUT) Amphorae, Pot, Dish|Pottery, Glass, Copper alloy, Iron| | | | | |
|(Clothing +LUT) Pins, Belt, Pouch|Textile, Leather, Copper alloy, Iron|Waterlogged, Charred, Mineralised| | | | |
|(Construction objects +LUT) Tessarae, Bricks, Tiles|Clay| | | | | |
|(Writing objects + LUT) Stylus, Tablet|Waterlogged, Charred, Mineralised| | | | | |
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[{Image src='panel3.png'}]
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__4. Implementation__: The recommendations above including the thesauri and lists of terms to be used are included here in a preliminary form and are the subject of an annex to MIDAS (Lee 1998) and will be included in the next edition MIDAS Heritage: The UK Historic Environment Information Standard (English Heritage forthcoming). They will also be advertised at a future HER forum and other meetings.
__4. Implementation__: The recommendations above including the thesauri and lists of terms to be used are included here in a preliminary form and are the subject of an annex to MIDAS ([Lee 1998|Bibliography#Lee 1998|target='_blank']) and will be included in the next edition MIDAS Heritage: The UK Historic Environment Information Standard ([FISH 2012|Bibliography#FISH 2012|target='_blank']). They will also be advertised at a future HER forum and other meetings.
This page (revision-13) was last changed on 31-Mar-2015 17:14 by Alison Bennett Top