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SectionE.5
SectionE.5

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At line 11 changed one line
Using a range of sources, primarily cartographic, HLC assesses and classifies the current landscape in broad historic terms, on the basis of a combination of morphology and interpretation. HLC provides an audit of what has survived within the current landscape, expressed in terms of its historic origins and development. The precise classification and methodology used varies between counties and regions (for more details see [''Taking Stock of the Method'' - Aldred and Fairclough 2003|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/hlc-taking-stock-of-the-method/]), but the basic principles are similar: a pre-defined series of specific HLC Types or broader Character Types which can be grouped into broad categories based on for example urban, enclosed landscapes and woodlands. The important characteristic is that a time or period element is incorporated. Without placing any hierarchy or value on this analysis it enables an HER to assess what has survived, from what period, so that it may be managed appropriately.
Using a range of sources, primarily cartographic, HLC assesses and classifies the current landscape in broad historic terms, on the basis of a combination of morphology and interpretation. HLC provides an audit of what has survived within the current landscape, expressed in terms of its historic origins and development. The precise classification and methodology used varies between counties and regions (for more details see [''Taking Stock of the Method'' - Aldred and Fairclough 2003|Bibliography#Aldred and Fairclough 2003|target='_blank']), but the basic principles are similar: a pre-defined series of specific HLC Types or broader Character Types which can be grouped into broad categories based on for example urban, enclosed landscapes and woodlands. The important characteristic is that a time or period element is incorporated. Without placing any hierarchy or value on this analysis it enables an HER to assess what has survived, from what period, so that it may be managed appropriately.
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The HLC has also been compared to various LCAs across the UK with varying results (Dyson-Bruce et al 1999, Odell pers. comm., Wakelin pers. comm.) showing similarities in some areas, significant differences in others, although the reasons for this have not yet been fully researched.
The HLC has also been compared to various LCAs across the UK with varying results ([Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|Bibliography#Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|target='_blank'], Odell pers. comm., Wakelin pers. comm.) showing similarities in some areas, significant differences in others, although the reasons for this have not yet been fully researched.
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In England HLC began with the seminal work carried out in Cornwall in the early/mid 90s (Herring 1998). This was initially a paper based exercise, developed from traditional LCA methodology; but has since become an integrated GIS application (see example figure 48 and 49). To date nearly half of England has reached completion under the leadership of English Heritage in partnership with the relevant Local authorities. (For updates on progress see the [EH web site|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.1293])
In England HLC began with the seminal work carried out in Cornwall in the early/mid 90s ([Herring 1998|Bibliography#Herring 1998|target='_blank']). This was initially a paper based exercise, developed from traditional LCA methodology; but has since become an integrated GIS application (see example figure 48 and 49). To date nearly half of England has reached completion under the leadership of English Heritage in partnership with the relevant Local authorities. (For updates on progress see the [EH web site|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.1293])
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The East of England (EofE) HLC project, is the only application of HLC in England that uses a single but evolving methodology to ensure a consistency of application and analysis across a region (Dyson-Bruce 2002).
The East of England (EofE) HLC project, is the only application of HLC in England that uses a single but evolving methodology to ensure a consistency of application and analysis across a region ([Dyson-Bruce 2002|Bibliography#Dyson-Bruce 2002|target='_blank']).
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English Heritage commissioned a survey of HLC methodology in 2003 to develop a toolkit for future HLC applications in an attempt to harmonise HLC methodologies and to establish best practice across England. This resulted in 'Taking Stock of the Method' ([Aldred and Fairclough 2003|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/hlc-taking-stock-of-the-method/]). The survey reviewed past methodologies into three major phases of development across England, and from these developed a series of proposals and established standards, as a toolkit for best pratice and future application. This document now informs the methodologies of all current HLC applications in England.
English Heritage commissioned a survey of HLC methodology in 2003 to develop a toolkit for future HLC applications in an attempt to harmonise HLC methodologies and to establish best practice across England. This resulted in ['Taking Stock of the Method' (Aldred and Fairclough 2003|Bibliography#Aldred and Fairclough 2003|target='_blank'])]. The survey reviewed past methodologies into three major phases of development across England, and from these developed a series of proposals and established standards, as a toolkit for best pratice and future application. This document now informs the methodologies of all current HLC applications in England.
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English Heritage: 'Taking Stock of the Method' EH website [http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/hlc-taking-stock-of-the-method/](Aldred and Fairclough 2003).
[English Heritage: 'Taking Stock of the Method' EH website (Aldred and Fairclough 2003)|Bibliography#Aldred and Fairclough 2003|target='_blank'].
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Historic Land-use Assessment (HLA) started in Scotland in 1996, led and centrally managed by the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) and Historic Scotland (Historic Scotland), in conjunction with the Local Authorities (Dyson-Bruce et al 1999). A single uniform GIS based methodology is being applied across the country and approximately half of Scotland had been completed at the time of writing.
Historic Land-use Assessment (HLA) started in Scotland in 1996, led and centrally managed by the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) and Historic Scotland (Historic Scotland), in conjunction with the Local Authorities ([Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|Bibliography#Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|target='_blank']). A single uniform GIS based methodology is being applied across the country and approximately half of Scotland had been completed at the time of writing.
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The approach uses a range of single period types (current and relict) which reflect historic land use as well as character. This can result in complex maps showing palimpsests of multi-periods of discernable use within the landscape and consequently these types have been grouped into 14 broad categories, for ease of display for example Fields and Farming, Woodland and Forestry. These provide an over-arching framework, within which the specific types give the supporting detail. ([Fairclough and Macinnes 2003|http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/Images/lcatopicpaper5_tcm6-8176.pdf])
The approach uses a range of single period types (current and relict) which reflect historic land use as well as character. This can result in complex maps showing palimpsests of multi-periods of discernable use within the landscape and consequently these types have been grouped into 14 broad categories, for ease of display for example Fields and Farming, Woodland and Forestry. These provide an over-arching framework, within which the specific types give the supporting detail. ([Fairclough and Macinnes 2003|Bibliography#Fairclough and Macinnes 2003|target='_blank'])
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Wales has adopted a different approach, and has defined a 'Register of Landscapes' of specific or outstanding interest (Cadw 1998) which ranks and values specific selected areas, but not the whole landscape. A programme of Historic Landscape Characterization has been undertaken on each of the registerered landscapes and the methodology exists to characterize any part of the landscape outside the register. Further information on this methodology can be found in Dave Thompson and Daffyd Gwyn's introduction to a typical HLC report such that for [The vale of Llangollen|http://www.herwales.co.uk/her/groups/CPAT/media/reports/CPAT 683.pdf].
Wales has adopted a different approach, and has defined a 'Register of Landscapes' of specific or outstanding interest ([Cadw 1998|Bibliography#Cadw 1998|target='_blank']) which ranks and values specific selected areas, but not the whole landscape. A programme of Historic Landscape Characterization has been undertaken on each of the registerered landscapes and the methodology exists to characterize any part of the landscape outside the register. Further information on this methodology can be found in Dave Thompson and Daffyd Gwyn's introduction to a typical HLC report such that for [The vale of Llangollen|http://www.herwales.co.uk/her/groups/CPAT/media/reports/CPAT 683.pdf].
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*__An enhanced HLC__, also incorporating fieldwork, looking in detail at field boundaries, their history and current condition in response to the proposed areas for minerals extraction, has been applied in Hertfordshire ([Bryant and Hunn 2004|http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-928-1/dissemination/pdf/Minerals_Areas_Characterisation.pdf]).
*__An enhanced HLC__, also incorporating fieldwork, looking in detail at field boundaries, their history and current condition in response to the proposed areas for minerals extraction, has been applied in Hertfordshire ([Bryant and Hunn 2004|Bibliography#Bryant and Hunn 2004|target='_blank']).
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HLCs also differ in nature, quality and form with great variation between phases in the development of the methodology and their application across England. Recent projects have shown that the assimilation of different forms of HLC to create cross-border models can be achieved (for example Went et al 2003: [Green and Kidd 2004|http://www.buckscc.gov.uk/assets/content/bcc/docs/archaeology/A_MKUE_File1.pdf]: [Chris Blandford Associates 2004|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/thames-gateway-historic-environment-characterisation-project-final-report/]).
HLCs also differ in nature, quality and form with great variation between phases in the development of the methodology and their application across England. Recent projects have shown that the assimilation of different forms of HLC to create cross-border models can be achieved (for example [Went et al 2003|Bibliography#Went et al 2003|target='_blank']: [Green and Kidd 2004|Bibliography#Green and Kidd 2004|target='_blank']: [Chris Blandford Associates 2004|Bibliography#Chris Blandford Associateds 2004|target='_blank']).
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(See ['Is there a Point in the Polygon?' Dyson-Bruce 2004|http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/gateway/file/hg/content/upload/her_file_store/4900.pdf])
(See ['Is there a Point in the Polygon?' Dyson-Bruce 2004|Bibliography#Dyson-Bruce 2004|target='_blank'])
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It is advised to consult The Applications of HLC (in [Clarke et al 2004|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/using-historic-landscape-characterisation/]), illustrated here, which describes in detail, the main uses to which HLC has been put to date – though it is thought there are many other potential applications yet to be identified.
It is advised to consult The Applications of HLC (in [Clarke et al 2004|Bibliography#Clarke et al 2004|target='_blank']), illustrated here, which describes in detail, the main uses to which HLC has been put to date – though it is thought there are many other potential applications yet to be identified.
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In Scotland a selection of prehistoric (Neolithic and Bronze Age) NMR point data was modelled in comparison to the HLA to see how past land-use affected monument survival and condition; how an RCAHMS Farm Building Survey on Sanday, and the HLA, independently complemented each other; and how RCAHMS fieldwork compared with the HLA on Skye and in the Grampians (Dyson-Bruce et al 1999).
In Scotland a selection of prehistoric (Neolithic and Bronze Age) NMR point data was modelled in comparison to the HLA to see how past land-use affected monument survival and condition; how an RCAHMS Farm Building Survey on Sanday, and the HLA, independently complemented each other; and how RCAHMS fieldwork compared with the HLA on Skye and in the Grampians ([Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|Bibliography#Dyson-Bruce et al 1999|target='_blank']).
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__London-Stansted-Cambridge – M11__ (Went et al 2003): The LSC- M11 work highlighted the problems in taking two radically different HER's (one monument based, the other event based) in adjacent counties and incorporating them into two county-based HLC's using the same methodology (see figure 55). The results confirmed that a certain screening or filtering of the HER data was required (which was unfortunately outwith the remit of the project, but is currently being progressed).
__London-Stansted-Cambridge – M11__ ([Went et al 2003|Bibliography#Went et al 2003|target='_blank']): The LSC- M11 work highlighted the problems in taking two radically different HER's (one monument based, the other event based) in adjacent counties and incorporating them into two county-based HLC's using the same methodology (see figure 55). The results confirmed that a certain screening or filtering of the HER data was required (which was unfortunately outwith the remit of the project, but is currently being progressed).
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__Milton Keynes South Midlands ([Green and Kidd 2004|http://www.buckscc.gov.uk/assets/content/bcc/docs/archaeology/A_MKUE_File1.pdf])__: The MKSM work took a different approach, using comparative analysis of HLC and HER with other data to inform 15 'Historic Landscape Zones'. These zones were then used in defining criteria for location assessment for potential growth.
__Milton Keynes South Midlands ([Green and Kidd 2004|Bibliography#Green and Kidd 2004|target='_blank'])__: The MKSM work took a different approach, using comparative analysis of HLC and HER with other data to inform 15 'Historic Landscape Zones'. These zones were then used in defining criteria for location assessment for potential growth.
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__Thames-Gateway__, ([Blandford and Associates and EH, 2004|http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/publications/thames-gateway-historic-environment-characterisation-project-final-report/]): This study developed an integrated historic environment approach. Thames Gateway used the datasets to create three themes or heritage management layers:
__Thames-Gateway__, ([Blandford and Associates and EH, 2004|Bibliography#Chris Blandford Associates 2004|target='_blank']): This study developed an integrated historic environment approach. Thames Gateway used the datasets to create three themes or heritage management layers:
This page (revision-35) was last changed on 25-Mar-2015 15:23 by Martin NewmanTop