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!!!G.9 Data standards
|AM107|A Scheduled Monument reporting form.
|AN32|A recording form for information about scheduled monuments developed by English Heritage in the early 1980s.
|Archaeological ObjectsThesaurus|A thesaurus that is maintained by the mda as part of INSCRIPTION to provide indexing terminology for archaeological objects.
|Authority list|A list of terms, whether numeric or alphabetic, that is used to control the entry of terms into a unit of information.
|Bath Profile|An International Z39.50 Specification for Library Applications and Resource Discovery
|Broader term|A term that represents a parent to a term or other terms. The broader term is super-ordinate to its subordinate narrow term. One term may have many narrower terms and, in turn, each narrow term may itself have narrower terms.
|Candidate term|A new term that has been proposed for inclusion in a thesaurus or wordlist.
|Class|A grouping of terms representing concepts within a general subject area. The terms within a class need not be hierarchically related.
|Compound term|A term that is made up of two or more concepts. These are usually divided up into separate terms for each concept except where this affects the meaning or where its use is very well established.
|Data dictionary|A reference work that sets out.the data fields or units of information incorporated into a computer system or card index. A data dictionary specifies the information that it is appropriate to record in each field and any wordlists or thesauri to be used.
|Data model|A generalised, user-defined view of data representing the real world and entitles therein. For example, the concepts of monuments and events, and their relationship is a model of 'real world' entitles expressed through a particular organisation of data.
|Data standards|Data standards set out what information it is important to record about a particular subject and how this should be carried out. The aim is to promote consistency in the way in which information is recorded to enable its retrieval.
|Dublin Core|A standard content-description model widely used on the internet..
|e-Gov metadata standard|A list of the elements and refinements that will be used by the public sector to create metadata for information resources. It also gives guidance on the purpose and use of each element.
|Grouping term|A broader term used to gather a group of terms together but not to be used in recording.
|Hierarchical wordlist|A wordlist containing a hierarchy but no other form of relationship.
|Hierarchy|An arrangement of terms showing broader and narrower relationships between the terms.
|Homograph|Homographs are terms that have the same spelling but different meanings. The meanings are usually differentiated from each other by using a qualifier within round brackets after the term, for example Bank (Financial) and Bank (Earthwork).
|INSCRIPTION|The national heritage reference dataset, a collection of wordlists and thesauri developed by various heritage bodies, both national and regional, that are recommended for use in conjunction with MIDAS.
|MIDAS|Monument Inventory Data Standard, a data standard for inventories of monuments. It was agreed by representatives from organisations directly involved in the recording of England's monuments working together as the Data Standards Working Party, now FISH. MIDAS is a 'content' standard.
|Narrower term|A term that represents a specific sub-set of the concepts represented by another term. A narrower term can have more than one broader term.
|Non-preferred term|A term that cannot be selected for indexing or retrieval, it is treated as synonymous with another term, the preferred term.
|Noun phrase|A phrase which acts in the same way as a noun. Terms in wordlists consist of nouns and/or noun phrases.
|Preferred term|A term which can be selected for retrieval and can be used for indexing.
|Recording standards|Agreed standards for recording information within a computer system or card index. See Data standards and Data dictionary.
|Related term|A preferred term linked to another preferred term conce tually but not hierarchically, for example 'Stable' and 'Tack Shed'. Although both terms are to do with horses there is not a hierarchical relationship but the conceptual link is so close that anybody looking for 'Tack Sheds' might also want to look for 'Stables'.
|Scope note|A definition of a term for the purposes of the terminology list. It may, or may not, also include guidance upon its use.
|Simple wordlist|A list of.terms that do not have any relationships built into the wordlist and do not have multiple elements attached to the same concept.
|SPECTRUM|The UK museum documentation standard published by the mda. This standard is integral to MGC registration for museums and is being implemented throughout the UK and worldwide in both manual and computerised systems.
|Synonym|A term having a different form or spelling but the same or nearly the same meaning as another term, for example, Slaughter House and Abattoir or Dovecote and Dovecot.
|Term list|Another phrase for a wordlist.
|Terminology control|The overall concept of the use of terms to control the recording and retrieval of any given unit of information.
|Thesaurus|A list of concepts or terms that normally shows equivalence, hierarchical and associative relationships. A thesaurus is a flexible indexing and retrieval tool.
|Thesaurus of Building Materials|A thesaurus maintained by the NMR as part of INSCRIPTION to provide an index to materials used in the construction of buildings and other structures such as public monuments, garden ornaments, street furniture, etc.
|Thesaurus of Monument Types|A thesaurus maintained by the NMR as part of INSCRIPTION to provide an index to monuments, buildings and other built structures by character and function.
|Unit of information|Units of 'reformation are the fundamental facts of interest contained within an information system whether computerised or manual.
|Wordlist|A standard list of terminology used to control information recorded in a specific field in a database.
|Z39.50|A communications protocol designed to enable communciation between computer systems.
!!!G.10 Information technology and the internet
|Anti-virus software|Software that is designed to identify the presence of computer viruses and which provides facilities for their safe removal from a computer system. This software incorporates an index to currently known viruses, and as new versions are rapidly introduced, must be regularly updated.
|ASCII|American Standard Code for Information Interchange text or delimited text for structured data.
|Backing-up data|The process by which copies are made of computer data and placed in safe storage to provide a facility to restore information in the event of system failures or other losses (such as theft of computers).
|CD/CD-ROM/CD-RW|Compact Disc/Compact Disc Read-Only Memory/Compact Disk – Rewritable.
|Data capture|The process of capturing information into a computer system. This may involve direct input from a keyboard, scanning, digitising or transfers of digital data from external sources.
|Data migration|The planned movement of data to new formats and more recent versions of software.
|Data transfer|Transfer of digital data between one computer system and another.
|DDE|Dynamic Data Exchange: a protocol incorporated into the Windows operating system that allows one application to exchange data or to trigger an action in another application.
|Digital archiving|Long-term preservation and future use of static digital data.
|DVD/DVD-ROM|Digital Video or Digital Versatile Disc/Digital Video or Digital Versatile Disc – Read Only Memory.
|Emulation|A software interface between operating system and the data together with the program needed to read it.
|Firewall|A protective security screen to control access to locally held resources from unauthorised outside users.
|Flatfile|A computer record system based on a single data table in which a record consists of a row of data fields.
|FTP|File Transfer Protocol: a way of transferring digital data between source and destination systems.
|GiGateway|A free web service aimed at increasing awareness of and access to geospatial information in the UK.
|GML|Geography Markup Language
|GUI|Graphical User Interface: a method of interaction with a computer which uses pictorial buttons (icons) and command lists controlled by a mouse.
|Hypertext|Document files prepared in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) for, use on the World Wide Web. These documents incorporate text with links to images, digital data and other documents.
|lnternet|A global communications network made up of millions of computers. Access to the World Wide Web and electronic mail or 'email' are normally considered as the most important internet services.
|lntranet|Closed computer networks that are established by organisations to serve the computing needs of their staff.
|ISP|Internet Service Provider: an organisation that offers services including access to the World Wide Web and email.
|IT|Information technology.
|LAN|Local Area Network: a computer network maintained by an organisation to connect computers within a building or a single site.
|Modem|An input-output device which is used to transmit and receive digital signals between computers across the internet.
|Multimedia|A term used to describe materials available on the internet which incorporate text, images, video clips and sound clips.
|ODBC|Open Database Connectivity: a set of protocols that allows a database application held on a client machine to interact with a different database application held on a server across a network. For example, using ODBC an Access database on a work station can query and exchange data with an Oracle'database on a network server.
|OLE|Object Linking and Embedding: a protocol that is incorporated into the Windows operating system. It allows programs to communicate with each other and is used to link or embed objects creating a compound document, for example an Access form might contain a Word document, an Excel spreadsheet or a Maplnfo workspace. Linking means that data is retrieved from its original file. Embedding means that data from the original file is copied into the compound document.
|Passwords|These are codewords, normally made up of a mixture of letters and numbers, that are used to limit entry to computers, networks and other systems to authorised persons.
|PC|Personal Computer: a desktop computer which incorporates a monitor, keyboard, central processing unit and memory storage space used to run applications software.
|RAID|Redundant Array of Independent Disks.
|Relational database|A database which structures data in the form of tables. Each table contains information relevant to a particular feature, and is linked to other tables by a common value. For example, two attribute tables could be lined to a spatial data table via a geocode, such as a postcode, or a unique identifier.
|Technology preservation|The maintenance of hardware, operating systems and applications used to create specific data.
|Trojan horse|A type of program that is moved insidiously on to a computer system to be triggered at sometime by certain pre-defined actions, usually with disastrous consequences.
|URL|Universal Resource Locator: an address used to identify resources on the World Wide Web.
|Viruses|A computer virus is a self-replicating programme, which may or may not be harmful. Viruses are inadvertently spread from computer to computer on floppy discs, email attachments and from the internet. Once introduced on to a computer they may simply display a message on screen but some cause damage to data files.
|WAN|Wide Area Network: a computer network for a series of buildings which may be widely separated across the country.
|Web server|A web server is a computer that provides access to HTML documents and other web-enabled materials stored on its hard disc or memory. This may simply be a personal computer with appropriate communications software and a connection to the internet, or it may be a higherspecification machine maintained by an ISP or a large organisation.
|Website|A linked series of HTML documents that is available on the internet at a location identified by a URL is referred to as a website. A web page is a single HTML document.
|Web space|Space on the web server that may be used for file storage and for a website. Websites have an address or URL which locates a hypertext file on the World Wide Web.
|Worms|A destructive program that replicates itself throughout a single computer or across a network, both wired and wireless.
|www|World Wide Web
|XML|Extensible Markup language
This page (revision-38) was last changed on 25-Sep-2018 10:06 by Staffordshire Historic Environment RecordTop